Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Hybrid (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Polymorphism (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Biology and consumer behaviour wikipedia , lookup
Dual inheritance theory wikipedia , lookup
Population genetics wikipedia , lookup
Adaptive evolution in the human genome wikipedia , lookup
AP Biology Korzeniewski Name___________________________ Date__________________Per_______ Evolution Unit – PDQ’s 4-6 Evolution 4 – Measuring Evolution Due Date: ____________________ Stamp: _________________ Textbook Reading: Ch. 23 Concept 23.1 Presentation Prezi: Evolution 4: Measuring Evolution Supplementary Resources: Crash Course Biology o Population Genetics – When Darwin Met Mendel: Biology #18 Bozeman’s Science: Paul Anderson: o Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Big Questions: How is variation generated and maintained in a population? How do we know evolution is happening in populations? What aspects of a population contribute to evolution? How can evolution be qualitatively and quantitatively measured? How does measuring evolution help us understand how populations are evolving? Questions to Answer: 1. Explain the meaning of the saying “individuals are selected, populations evolve” 2. How is variation generated in a population? How is it maintained? 3. Explain the relationship between the terms alleles, genes and gene pool. 4. Explain the relationship between the terms genotype and phenotype. 5. Explain the relationship between the terms homozygous and heterozygous. 6. How is it possible that individuals with two different genotypes can have the same phenotype? 7. Explain how each of the following features of a (hypothetical) population in Hardy-Weinberg. Equilibrium leads to that population not evolving over time: 1. Large population size 2. Random mating 3. No immigration/emigration 4. No net mutation rate 5. A constant environment 8. Answer questions A-C in the “Solving HW Problems” section of this presentation. A. B. C. 9. If no real population of organisms is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium, why is it a useful tool to study the effects of evolution? Make Sure You Can: (feel free to ask questions about them in class) Explain how variation is produced and maintained in a population. Define all new terms used in this presentation in your own words and give descriptive examples. Explain how each source of evolution in a population affects variation and selection. Use the HW theorem with facility (be able to move through all terms of both equations) Apply the HW theorem to actual populations Evolution 5 – Speciation Due Date: ____________________ Stamp: _____________________ Textbook Reading: Ch. 24 Presentation Prezi: Evolution 5: Speciation Supplementary Resources: Crash Course Biology o Speciation – of Ligers & Men: Biology #15 Bozeman’s Science: Paul Anderson: o Speciation Big Questions: What is a species? How can evolutionary changes in a population lead to the production of new species? Questions to Answer: 1. Explain what the “Biological Species” definition is. Describe its strengths and weaknesses. 2. Why does a biological species have to be reproductively isolated from other organisms? 3. Compare allopatric and sympatric speciation. 4. What is a ring species? 5. Briefly explain the following species barriers. 1. Habitat isolation 2. Temporal isolation 3. Behavioral isolation 4. Mechanic isolation 5. Gametic isolation 6. Reduced hybrid viability 7. Reduced hybrid fertility 8. Hybrid breakdown 6. Explain why the creationist claim that speciation has never been observed is wrong. Make Sure You Can: (feel free to ask questions about them in class) Apply the biological species definition, and identify circumstances where it is not applicable. Explain the circumstances that can lead to the production of a new species both allopatrically and sympatrically. Define all species barriers described in this presentation, and provide examples of these barriers. Compare the common models of the pace of speciation, and cite evidence that supports both gradualism and punctuated equilibrium. Evolution 6 – Brief History of Life Due Date: ____________________ Stamp: _______________ Textbook Reading: Ch.26 (26.1, 26.2) Presentation Prezi: Evolution 6: Brief History of Life Supplementary Resources: Crash Course Biology o Natural Selection: Biology #14 Bozeman’s Science: Paul Anderson: o The Origin of Life – “Scientific Evidence” o Abiogenesis o Speciation and Extinction Big Questions: How old is the Earth? Where did it come from? How did life begin? How have the history of life and the history of Earth influenced each other? Questions to Answer: 1. Science is based on observations. How can we begin to scientifically investigate events that we were not around to observe? 2. With a ruler, draw a line that is 20 cm long. Divide the line into five 4 cm segments. On a scale of each segment representing one billion years, label the following events in the history of earth: 1. Formation of the earth 2. Origin of life 3. Evolution of photosynthesis 4. Evolution of eukaryotes 5. Evolution of multi-cellular life 6. The Cambrian explosion 7. First vertebrate land animals 8. Evolution of dinosaurs 9. Evolution of human beings 3. Explain the hypothesis, procedure and results of the Mill-Urey experiment. 4. Why is it hypothesized that the evolution of RNA preceded the evolution of DNA? 5. Explain the concept of “adaptive radiation”. Why have adaptive radiations proceeded mass extinction events? 6. Why do some folks feel that we are living through the sixth “Great Extinction”? 7. Explain how it is possible to get large changes in an organism’s development with only a few changes to that organism’s genome? 8. What do Homeobox genes do in animals? Make Sure You Can: (feel free to ask questions about them in class) Explain how scientists are able to date the ages of all events discussed in this presentation. Describe the hypothetical steps that had to occur for life to arise in the Universe. Explain the significance of all time periods discussed in this presentation. Describe the effects of oxygenation of the atmosphere, extinctions and adaptive radiation on the history of life. Explain how the field of evo-devo has informed our thinking about the relationship between changes in genes and changes in forms.