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AP WORLD HISTORY Mr Rooney Chapter 17 Study Guide Identifications: Charlemagne Vassals Serfs Pilgrimage Guilds Horse collars Reconquista 4th Crusade Otto I Pope Leo III Missi dominici Holy Roman Empire William, Duke of Normandy Gothic Cathedrals Pope Gregory I Thomas Aquinas Hanseatic League bubonic plague Lief Erikson Gregory of Tours Franks Magyars Vikings Clovis manors chivalry heavy plows watermills three estates Charles Martel St Benedict of Nursia Aachen monasticism Study Questions: 1. What is the significance of Clovis’ conversion to Christianity? 2. What were the contributions of Charlemagne’s reign, and why did it ultimately fail to last very long? 3. Who were the Vikings? What were the motivations for their behavior? What were their accomplishments? How did they disrupt European society? 4. What were the obligations of lords toward their retainers and the retainers towards their lords? Why was this arrangement often unstable? 5. What role did serfs play in early medieval Europe? What was life like on the manor? 6. What is the significance for the invention of the heavy plow for the European economy? 7. Although trade constricted in the early middle ages, where and how was it still going on? 8. What was the role of the pope in the early middle ages? How did this role evolve over this period of time? 9. How did monasticism develop in early medieval Europe? 10. What was the significance of the monasteries to the European society and economy?