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Lesson 1 Geography of Greece. Geography of Ancient Greece What effects did the sea have on life in Ancient Greece? The Terrain Greece is located in the Mediterranean Sea. Located in Southern Europe. Consists of a major Peninsula and over 400 islands. Crete and Rhodes are the two major islands. 9 out of 10 acres in Greece are mountains. Travel was difficult on land. Land Along the Coast Eastern Greece was better for farming. Most flat land was found on Attica, a wedged shaped peninsula that juts out into Mediterranean Sea. Attica forms natural Harbors, places for boats to seek shelter in bad storms. Peloponnesus, shaped like a giant hand, contains rivers that dry up in the summertime. Geography of Greece Agriculture in Ancient Greece Summers were hot and dry. Winters were wet and windy. Raised crops and animals that were well suited for this environment. Grew wheat, barley, grapes, olives. Raised sheep, goats, and cattle. Crossing the Sea Sea travel was very common. Trade was mostly done this way. Expert sailors and ship makers. Traveled to ports all around the world to trade. Olive oil was the main product traded. Lesson 2 The Rise of Greek Cities What was a Polis? Polis means “Greek City-State” A city-state was a self governing city that had its own laws, beliefs and army. Acropolis Each Polis was built around an Acropolis. An Acropolis was building on the top of a large hill or mountain. It was used for seeking shelter and safety in times of war. Greek Architecture Ionic Corinthian Doric An Agora was a market place. People could shop for goods, trade crafts, meet friends and talk about laws and everyday issues. Government in Greece Citizens were members of a Polis. Citizens have certain rights and responsibilities to his/her community. In Greece, women and slaves didn’t have many rights or say in government. Only richest, most powerful men were in the government. This type of government was called a Oligarchy. Athens was ruled this way. Before Athens was ruled by an Oligarchy, it was ruled by a Monarchy. This means ruled by one leader or king. Democracy Two Great Cities The most well known cities of Greece are Athens and Sparta. Do Now What type of school would you like to attend? A Military Academy (Strict rules and very structured ) A School of the Fine Arts (Painting, Singing, Writing, Dancing..) Sparta Located in southern Peloponnesus. Largest city-state. Most of Sparta’s population was slaves. Slaves out numbered citizens 7 to 1. Sparta’s slaves revolted and Sparta swore to never let it happen again. Sparta was a military society. Children were raised to be in the military from the ages of 7-60 years. Children born that didn’t seem fit to be soldiers were left on the hillside to die. Men trained everyday for battle. Wrestling was a common form of practice for battle. Women also trained for battle. If men weren’t there to protect the city, women could. Athens Life for girls and boys was very different. Located on the peninsula of Attica. Girls didn’t practice sports or train for the military. Girls were raised to help their mothers at home. Weaved clothes, worked on the farm, helped around the home. Boys of Athens worked each day with their fathers. Boys were sent to school to study in the family could afford it. Men would exercise after work and box before returning home. Athens’ government didn’t spend a long time building an army. Athens changed to a third type of government called a Democracy. Democracy is when citizens vote to make government decisions. Democracy means “Rule by the people” Assessment #1 Write a letter from camp to your parents explaining how it is going. Remember you are at Camp Sparta or Athens . Be sure to highlight the important things you are learning and experiencing. Make note in your letter how your glad you didn’t go to the other camp they suggested and why. Assessment #2 Have a Face Book debate with someone from your opposing city-state (Athens/Sparta) You need to pick a side. Debate why your polis is the best. Partners must complete own sheet with exact dialogue. Highlight key point about your city-state in your conversation. Assessment #3 Create a Comic Strip that shows a typical day in the life of a Spartan and Athenian and how it compares to the other. Assessment #4 Create 5 multiple choice questions that ask questions about how Spartan and Athenian life was similar and different. Create 1 short response question that you think might be on a quiz. Questions should be asking difference and similarities between the two city-states. Mount Olympus The place where most Greek Gods were have thought to rest. Located in Northern Greece. Greek Gods and Goddesses