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SCIENCE 110-130 SCOPE AND SEQUENCE CHART Science 110 Science 120 Science 130 CHEMISTRY Matter and Energy 1. Define matter and identify the three states of matter 2. Describe how the particle theory is used to explain the differences between solids, liquids and gases Atoms Properties of Matter and Changes in Matter 3. Investigate materials and describe them in terms of their physical properties (including metals and non-metals) 4. Explain physical changes in matter 5. Describe the effect of heat on the states of matter and the solubility of a substance 1. Define matter and identify the three states of matter 2. Describe how the particle theory is used to explain the differences between solids, liquids and gases 1. Recognize that particles have an attraction for each other and that this force holds particles in place 2. Use the kinetic molecular theory to describe matter and name factors that affect the movement of particles in matter (temperature, concentration, pressure) 3. Define atoms and molecules 4. Identify examples of common elements and write symbols for common elements and compounds using the periodic table. 3. Use models to describe the structure and components of atoms and molecules 4. Draw simple diagrams of atoms using the Bohr Rutherford model 5. Identify the general features of the periodic table (groups, periods) and understand the relationship between the elements and their position on the periodic table. 6. Differentiate between metals and non-metals and identify their characteristic properties 5. Explain chemical change in matter 6. Describe changes in the properties of materials that result from some common chemical reaction 7. Compare physical and chemical properties of matter 7. Relate heat conductivity and electrical conductivity to the periodic table Pure Substances and Mixtures 8. Distinguish between pure substances and mixtures using the particle model of matter 9. Distinguish between homogenous and heterogeneous substances 10. Distinguish between mechanical mixtures and solutions and know various procedures for separating mixtures (strain, evaporate) Atoms in Combination 11. Understand that energy bonds hold atoms together and are responsible for various types of bonding 12. Use simple formulas to identify compounds 8. Experiment to illustrate the Law of Conservation of Mass (Matter) 9. Observe the differences between endothermic and exothermic reactions Chemical Reactions and Energy Transfer 13. Use simple word equations, flow diagrams, equations, chemical pathways to illustrate chemical reactions, illustrating the conservation of mass 14. State the Law of Conservation of Mass (matter) and experiment to illustrate the law 15. Explain the difference between endothermic and exothermic reactions PHYSICS Force 6. Identify different kinds of forces used to move objects and to hold them in place 7. Investigate and compare the effect of friction on the movement of an object over a variety of surfaces 8. compare the force needed to lift a load manually with that required to lift it using a simple machine 10. Distinguish between mass and weight 11. Identify examples of different forces: mechanical, frictional, electrostatic, magnetic and gravitational forces, and describe the effects of these forces 12. Describe the movement of objects in terms of balanced and unbalanced forces 13. Investigate and describe the transmission of force and energy in simple machines. 16. Describe the movement of objects in terms of balanced and unbalanced forces. 17. Describe quantitatively the relationship between force, area, and pressure (pressure = force/area) 18. Predict and describe the transmission of force and energy in simple machines Heat 9. Experiment to observe matter expand when heated and contract when cooled 10. Explain how a thermometer works 11. Read a thermometer 14. Describe three ways heat is transferred: conduction , convection, and radiation 15. State the Law of Conservation of Energy and relate this to friction (loss of energy causing heat) 16. Observe the mass and volume of a liquid and calculate its density using the formula d=m/v 17. Compare densities of materials and explain the differences in the density of solids, liquids and gases using the particle model of matter 18. Describe altering the density of a fluid, and identify and interpret related practical applications 19. Describe forms of energy and energy conservation Fluids Electricity 12. Examine how electrical energy is used in the home and discuss sources of energy 19. Distinguish between static and current electricity and give example evidence of each 20. Identify and evaluate sources of electrical energy as renewable or nonrenewable (including coal, oil, gas, biomass, wind, waves and batteries) 20. Define and give examples of fluids 21. Investigate and compare fluids based on their viscosity and flow rate, and describe the effect of temperature change on liquid flow 22. Investigate and compare the compressibility of liquids and gases 23. Explain qualitatively the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature when liquid and gaseous fluids are compressed or heated 24. Identify electrical conductors and insulators and compare resistance of different materials to electrical flow 25. Describe the concepts of an electrical current, potential difference and resistance 26. Compare energy inputs and outputs of a device and calculate its efficiency by applying the relationship: Percent efficiency= joules of useful output x 100/joules of input energy EARTH SCIENCE Space 13. Describe our solar system 14. Identify our sun as a star which belongs to a group of stars known as the Milky Way Galaxy 15. Identify constellations and the Milky Way Galaxy in the night sky Weather and Climate 16. Describe weather in terms of temperature, wind speed and direction, precipitation and cloud cover. 17. Relate the transfer of energy from the sun to weather conditions 18. Explain the dynamics of warm and cold fronts Forces Shaping Our Earth Rocks and Minerals 19. Describe the rocks and land forms in your area 20. Name some important minerals of the NWT 21. Identify rocks and minerals according to physical properties such as colour, texture, luster, hardness, and crystal shape (minerals) 22. Relate the characteristics of rocks/minerals to their uses 21. Briefly describe the physical characteristics of the solar system – sun, planets, moon, stars, creation and earth 22. Demonstrate how Earth’s rotation causes the day and night cycle and how Earth’s revolution causes the yearly cycle of the seasons 23. Distinguish between weather and climate 24. Demonstrate an understanding of the water cycles 27. Observe and explain how the relative positions of Earth, moon, and sun are responsible for moon phases, eclipses, and tides 28. Investigate the structure of the Universe, galaxies, and black holes 25. Describe the layers of the earth 26. Explain what a volcano is 27. Name the three main types of rock and explain how they are formed 28. Describe the effect of wind, water and ice on the landscape 29. Describe varieties of methods of weathering and erosion 30. Identify relative ages of rocks by their location in rock layers (superposition) 31. Understand the theory and evidence of plate tectonics 32. Research the causes and effects of earthquakes and volcanoes 29. Explain atmospheric effects such as sundogs, rainbows, sunrise, sunset and northern lights 30. Investigate world climates and factors affecting climates (i.e. global warming, changing weather patterns) 33. Investigate various mining processes and identify methods and tools used in exploration and extraction of resources 34. Identify by-products and environmental effects of mining and exploration LIFE SCIENCE Characteristics of Life Classification of Living Things Basic Microscopy 23. Compare and contrast the characteristics of living and non-living things 24. Compare and contrast plants and animals 25. Classify objects such as plants, animals, minerals, pencils and students in different ways (including colour, length, shape habitat, or other appropriate criteria) 31. Describe the basic requirements for life and the basic functions of life 35. Understand the role of the common classification system for living things, and identify the 5 kingdoms (including viruses) 36. Know how to use a microscope properly and use a microscope to observe nonliving and living materials 37. Prepare own slides 38. Use own slides or preprepared slides to observe and label the parts of the cell. Living Systems 32. Describe the basic functions of two major organ systems in humans (digestive, circulatory or respiratory system) 39. Describe the structure of the major parts of plant and animal cells 40. Compare and contrast plant and animal cells (Basic: nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria0 41. Describe the functions of the major parts of the cell, using analogies where appropriate 42. Recognize the cell as the basic unit of life and state the three principles of the cell theory Cells and Cell Theory Ecology Matter Cycling and Energy Flow in Ecosystems Biodiversity, Reproduction and Genetics 33. Name the different northern ecosystem/ environments and describe the different kinds of natural habitats, environmental conditions, and species that live there 34. Describe examples of interaction and interdependence within an ecosystem 35. Trace and interpret the flow of energy and the cycling of materials in an ecosystem 36. Analyze ecosystems to identify the roles of producers, consumers and decomposers 43. Describe the diversity of living organisms in a geographic area and recognize interdependence among and within species 44. Demonstrate an understanding that the nucleus of a cell contains genetic information and determines inheritance 45. Investigate the impact of human activities on species survival