Download CH: 9-12 = Jacksonian Era – Social Reforms in the Early 19th Century

UNIT 03 EXAM = Growing Pains (Partisan and Sectional Differences
CH: 9-12 = Jacksonian Era – Social Reforms in the Early 19th Century
AP US HISTORY - ADZIMA
Test Weights
100% = 60 Objective Questions
MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the answer that best completes each statement.
1. The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it
A. established the role of the federal government in internal improvement.
B. strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions.
C. made the invention of the steamboat economically viable.
D. spurred innovation in the railroad industry.
E. was the last major canal project before the Civil War
2. Two achievements of the Jacksonian Era were
A. rotation in public office and further widening of the suffrage.
B. promotion of central banking and expansion of states’ rights.
C. encouragement of states’ rights and active involvement in foreign affairs.
D. the limitation of Presidential powers and the growth of nationalism.
E. promotion of westward expansion and annexation of Texas.
3. Which contributed to the election of Andrew Jackson in 1828?
A. Voters were tired of the Federalist Party.
B. Voters wanted to register a protest against John Marshall’s decisions.
C. The importance of the West in national elections had increased.
D. America enjoyed peace and prosperity under John Quincy Adams.
E. Andrew Jackson advocated the spoils system.
4. Henry Clay’s “American System” called for all of the following EXCEPT
A. a tariff for the protection of industry.
B. internal improvements at national government expense.
C. sale of federal lands to finance higher education.
D. greater reliance on domestic financial resources.
E. increased trade among the sections of the nation.
5. One immediate effect of President Jackson’s Specie Circular was to increase the
A. sale of public land.
B. the power of the President.
C. demand for hard money.
D. value of paper currency.
E. general prosperity of the country.
6. An important cause of the Panic of 1837 was the
A. failure of northern industries.
B. end of the frontier.
C. shortage of hard currency.
D. building of the Union Pacific Railroad.
E. lack of speculation in Western lands.
7. An important reason for the proclamation of the Monroe Doctrine was to
A. end the United States alliance with France.
B. displace England as the chief creditor of the Latin-American countries.
C. counter British objections that would arise in any future United States effort to annex the West Indies or
Canada.
D. protect republican institutions of government in the Western Hemisphere.
E. prevent French interference in the internal affairs of Mexico.
8. Which of the following is correct about the tariffs passed during the period 1816 - 1828?
A. They reduced barriers to free trade.
B. They were supported by all sections of the nation.
C. Their constitutionality was tested in the courts.
D. They primarily intended as revenue-raising measures.
E. Their major purpose was protection.
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9. During the first half of the nineteenth century, the right to vote was most generally extended by
A. permitting women to vote.
B. lowering the voting age.
C. removing property qualifications.
D. outlawing poll taxes.
E. amending the federal constitution.
10. Which action by President Jackson led to the Specie Circular?
A. accepting the compromise Tariff of 1837.
B. vetoing the re-charter bill for the second Bank of the US.
C. dismissing John C. Calhoun as Vice President.
D. advocating the spoils system.
E. supporting the seizure of Cherokee lands by Georgia.
11. President Jackson claimed that the Bank of the United States
A. was supported by the plantation aristocracy.
B. was responsible for the Panic of 1837.
C. discriminated against the farmer and the small businessman.
D. had become unprofitable.
E. was constitutional and beyond presidential interference.
12. The nationalism of the Era of Good Feelings is most clearly evident in the
A. success of the Lewis and Clark expedition.
B. widespread support for the Tariff of 1816.
C. appointment of John Marshall to the Supreme Court.
D. widespread support for the Hartford Convention.
E. refusal of President Monroe to purchase Florida.
13. According to the South Carolina Exposition and Protest, federal laws could be nullified by a state because the federal
government was
A. dependent on the states for taxes.
B. created by the states.
C. subordinate to the state governments in all financial matters.
D. composed of men elected or appointed from the states.
E. limited in its use of power by the Bill of Rights.
14. One reason why Great Britain supported the Monroe Doctrine in 1823 was that she
A. had declared war on Spain.
B. wished to support the reactionary European alliance.
C. had a profitable trade with the Latin American countries.
D. feared US military strength in the Western Hemisphere.
E. followed a policy of supporting democratic revolutions.
15. The decisions of Chief Justice John Marshall
A. increased the power of the federal government.
B. established a strict interpretation of the Constitution.
C. strengthened the President’s power at the expense of Congress.
D. decreased the importance of the Supreme Court.
E. decreased the importance of the President and Congress.
16. Clay’s “American System” was a plan to
A. increase the size of the United States military.
B. develop national self-sufficiency through tariff laws and internal improvements.
C. drive subversives from the government.
D. free the remaining North American colonies held by European powers.
E. develop a loyalty program in public schools.
17. President Jackson’s Native American policy resulted in which of the following?
A. Jackson’s loss of popularity in the country.
B. The first efforts to grant citizenship to Native Americans.
C. The division of tribal lands into small units and their allotment to heads of families in each tribe.
D. Widespread uprisings among the Sioux in the Dakota Territory.
E. The removal of the Cherokee from the Southeast to the Northeast United States.
18. Andrew Jackson supported all of the following EXCEPT
A. Indian removal
B. the right of nullification
C. the removal of federal deposits from the Bank of the United States
D. annexation of new territory
E. use of the presidential veto power
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19. The Whigs of the 1830s-40s differed from the Jacksonian Democrats in that the Whigs
A. won the support of Irish immigrants.
B. secured the removal of Native Americans to lands west of the Mississippi.
C. supported the American System of Henry Clay.
D. favored a laissez-faire economy.
E. urged the annexation of Texas.
20. In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from
A. the white residents of Oklahoma
B. President Andrew Jackson
C. the United States Supreme Court
D. the Democratic press
E. the United States Congress
21. Which of the following best describes the policy of the government of Mexico toward Texas?
A. It tried to sell Texas to the US at the time of the Louisiana Purchase.
B. It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820s and early 1830s.
C. It governed Texas with stringent regulations in the 1820s.
D. It encouraged the establishment of a strong local government in Texas in the mid-1830s.
E. It favored the annexation of the Republic of Texas by the US in the 1830s and early 1840s.
22. Which of the following resulted from the policies of the Andrew Jackson administration?
A. A central bank was established.
B. The value of paper currency issued by individual banks became uniform.
C. The number of banks, each issuing its own paper currency, increased.
D. A nationwide banking system was begun.
E. Federal fiscal activities became linked to a system of federal banks.
23. An important consequence of the “Tariff of Abominations” (1828) is that it led to the
A. taxation of consumer items.
B. reelection of Andrew Jackson.
C. enunciation of the doctrine of nullification.
D. alliance of southern planters and western farmers.
E. expansion of the New England textile industry.
24. Which three elements of Henry Clay’s American System were also supported Madison and Monroe:
A. Indian Removal, national bank, income tax.
B. Neutrality, limited construction, larger Army and Navy.
C. National bank, tariff, roads and canals.
D. Indian removal, tariff, support of farmers.
E. Support of farmers, liberal land laws, and state banks.
25. Which one of the following was NOT one of the major issues that was considered in the arguments that temporarily ended with
the Missouri Compromise?
A. The extension of slavery into new territory.
B. Sectional balance of states in the Senate.
C. Constitutional issues of regulating slavery
D. Future of an Indian Territory in the West.
E. The growing northern reform impulse.
26. The extension of suffrage to all white males first was done by
A. New England states
B. North Carolina
C. The lower South
D. Pennsylvania
E. New western states
27. The “corrupt bargain” was
A. Van Buren’s denunciation of rich patronage to friends and relatives.
B. Jackson’s ignoring of Supreme Court decisions.
C. Jackson’s objections to Clay becoming Adams’ secretary of state.
D. Van Buren’s deal with Republicans to become president.
E. Jackson’s supporters’ view of the Second Bank of the United States.
28. A disapproving observer called this “the reign of King Mob.” He was referring to
A. Jackson’s inaugural and White House reception in 1829.
B. The new military under Jackson.
C. Van Buren’s political party organization and campaigning.
D. The liberalizing suffrage.
E. Public pressure to gain the Indian Removal Act.
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29. Jackson’s view of rewarding party loyalists with government offices represented
A. A “corrupt bargain” of aristocratic families.
B. A “monster”, a “hydra” that would ruin government.
C. A way to retain the “Era of Good Feelings.”
D. The start of the civil service program.
E. An acceptable “spoils system”.
30. Jackson’s “negative activism” as president resulted in
A. His use of the veto more times than all of his predecessors combined.
B. A loss of political idealism in the country.
C. The strengthening of the power of the legislative branch of government.
D. The development of a class of government office holders.
E. Allowing less power to remain in state hands.
31. Jackson vetoed the Maysville Road Bill of 1830 because he
A. Disapproved of any federal funding for internal improvements.
B. Felt it infringed on state powers.
C. Felt that corrupt government contractors would destroy the project.
D. Objected to it being funded by the Second Bank of the United States.
E. Knew it was unpopular with western voters.
32. Which one of the following was NOT an effect of the Transportation Revolution?
A. People would travel more easily.
B. Commercial goods could reach more people.
C. A national community feeling was fostered.
D. People found their horizons broadened.
E. Sectional politics were eliminated.
33. The area of the country with fewest railroads by 1860 was
A. New England
B. Old Northwest
C. The South
D. Middle States
E. New York
34. The Supreme Court’s decision in Gibbons v. Ogden
A. Asserted the broad power of the federal government over interstate commerce.
B. Said that the federal government must stay out of interstate commerce.
C. Questioned the constitutionality of federal law limit to the expansion of slavery.
D. Strengthened the power of state governments in commercial matters.
E. Denied the states the right to tax branches of the Second Bank of the United States.
35. Which one of the following was NOT a sentiment of or statement by Andrew Jackson?
A. “ Our Federal union, it must be preserved.”
B. “ Disunion by armed force is treason.”
C. “John Marshall has made his decision. Now let him enforce it.”
D. “The Union – next to our liberty most dear.”
E. “The tariff must be revised.”
36. In Cherokee Nation v. Georgia and Worcester v. Georgia, the Supreme Court
A. Upheld the constitutionality of the Removal Act.
B. Ruled that the state of Georgia could not force the Cherokees to give up their land.
C. Gave the federal government total control of the “Indian Question”
D. Refused to hear the Cherokees’ cause against the state of Georgia.
E. Denied Jackson the right to use executive privilege to keep Indian policy records out of the courts hands.
37. The Whig Party and the characteristic American two-party system emerged from this conflict:
A. Nullification
B. Bank War
C. Indian removal
D. Internal improvement funding
E. Tariff reform
38. The first party to hold a nominating convention was the
A. Democratic party
B. Whig party
C. Democratic-Republican Party
D. National Labor party
E. Anti-Masonic party
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39. One of the most significant factors contributing to the Panic of 1819 was the
A. Over-speculation in frontier land.
B. Re-chartering of the Bank of the United States.
C. Building of roads and canals.
D. Decline of the Federalist Party.
E. Enactment of the Tariff of 1816.
40. “The American continents…. Are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers.”
The above quotation is part of which document?
A. Linked States Declaration of War against Britain in 1812.
B. Treaty of Ghent.
C. Rush-Bagot.
D. United States-British Boundary Settlement in 1818.
E. Monroe Doctrine.
41. In the post-Revolutionary War era, it was generally accepted that women should be educated in order to
A. Serve the family better.
B. Become economically self-sufficient.
C. Train for the clergy.
D. Adopt manners similar to men reach political equality.
E. Reach political equality.
42. One of the most significant traits of the Second Great Awakening was that
A. Preachers used reason to appeal to audiences.
B. The Episcopal and Congregational churches were the primary audiences.
C. The values of traditional religions were reinforced.
D. Female converts outnumbered male converts.
E. Its appeal was greatest in major cities.
43. Which of the following scientists of the early 19th century painted the birds of America in great detail?
A. Asa Gray
B. John J. Audubon
C. Louis Agassiz
D. Benjamin Silliman
E. Nathaniel Bowditch
44. Which of the following was the first female graduate of a medical college in the United States?
A. Elizabeth Blackwell
B. Elizabeth Cady Stanton
C. Sarah Grimke
D. Amelia Bloomer
E. Margaret Fuller
45. Which utopian movement insisted on strict rules of celibacy, thereby relying on conversion to sustain its membership?
A. New Harmony
B. Brook Farm
C. Shakers
D. Mormons
E. Oneida Colony
46. Which of the following architectural styles was an important innovation in the construction of public buildings between 1820
and 1850?
A. Romantic
B. Greek Revival
C. Geometric
D. Gothic
E. Federalist
47. Which religious group in the early 19th century established a “Desert Zion” in the West?
A. Millerites
B. Shakers
C. Mormons
D. Christian Scientists
E. Baptists
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48. The “Maine Law of 1851” was enacted to
A. Abolish slavery.
B. Require public education for all children.
C. Prohibit the manufacture and sale of alcohol.
D. Allow women to own property.
E. Legalize interracial marriage.
49. Advocates of political democracy in the early 19th century generally supported suffrage for all
A. Adults
B. Property holders
C. Adult white males
D. Residents of a state
E. United States citizens
50. According to John C. Calhoun, the proper response of the South Carolina Legislature to the “Tariff of Abominations” was to
A. Declare it null and void.
B. Pay it in full.
C. Keep tariff revenues within the state.
D. Negotiate the terms of the tariff with each nation separately.
E. Secede from the Union.
51. One of the most important reasons for President Jackson’s response to South Carolina’s threat of nullification in 1832 was that
Jackson
A. Lost South Carolina’s vote in the presidential election.
B. Favored high tariffs.
C. Planned to drive South Carolina out of the Union.
D. Dislike John C. Calhoun.
E. Hoped to precipitate a Civil War.
52. The Whig Party attracted all of the following EXCEPT
A. Supporters of Clay’s American System.
B. Southern states’ rights advocates.
C. Northern industrialists.
D. Evangelical Protestants.
E. Supporters of Andrew Jackson.
53. The Amish community in Pennsylvania was established by immigrants from
A. Ireland
B. Germany
C. Holland
D. France
E. England
54. Between 1830 and 1860, the two largest groups of immigrants were
A. Africans and English
B. Irish and Germans
C. French and Germans
D. Irish and French
E. French and Dutch
55. New England emerged as the center of industry in the early 19 th century for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
A. Rocky soil discouraged large-scale farming.
B. Abundant slave labor worked the mills.
C. Established seaports allowed for easy exports.
D. Rapid rivers provided power for machines.
E. New England’s inventors provided needed innovation.
56. All of the following were invented during the 1830s and 1840s EXCEPT the
A. Cotton gin
B. Sewing machine telegraph
C. Steel plow
D. Mower-reaper
E. Telegraph
57. Which is a true statement about the expansion of canals in the early 19th Century?
A. They reduced the amount of agricultural acreage in use.
B. They retarded the shift of workers from agricultural to manufacturing jobs.
C. They provided work only to native-born workers.
D. They facilitated mainly North-South traffic.
E. They were constructed mainly in the North.
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58. Opponents referred to President Andrew Jackson as “King Andrew” because of his
A. Aristocratic family background.
B. College education.
C. Frequent use of the veto power.
D. Elegant use of the English language.
E. Close contacts with New England merchant princes.
59. In its 1842 decision, Commonwealth v. Hunt, the Supreme Court of Massachusetts ruled that
A. Labor unions were legal.
B. Workers must paid a minimum wage.
C. Manufactures must hire qualified women.
D. Irish workers must be paid the same wages was native-born workers.
E. Workers must be limited to an eight-hour workday.
60. Followers of Transcendentalism subscribed to all of the following ideas EXCEPT
A. Acceptance of the values of established religions.
B. Illumination of truth through an inner light.
C. Dignity of the individual.
D. Self-reliance
E. Hostility to the government.
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