Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
DO NOW • WAIT FOR ASSIGNED SEAT • Then… Chemical Reactions Enzymes • Chemical reactions change one set of molecules into a new set of molecules. • . • Chemical reactions change one set of molecules into a new set of molecules. • The molecules that you start with in a chemical reaction are called the reactants. • The molecules that you end • with are called products. REACTANTS ---------> PRODUCTS • Chemical reactions change reactants into completely different products. • Chemical reactions change reactants into completely different products. • In chemical reactions, bonds can be broken and bonds can be formed. • When something is broken down, it is called digestion. • When something is built up, it is called synthesis. Synthesis • A chemical reaction can join many monomers together to form a polymer. • A monomer is a single, simple molecule. • A polymer is large, complex molecule made when many monomers are joined together. Glucose STARCH • Through chemical reactions…. – glucose can be built into starch – simple sugars can be built into carbohydrates – amino acids can be built into proteins. • Through chemical reactions… – starch can be digested into glucose – carbohydrates can be digested into simple sugars – proteins can be digested into amino acids. • There are thousands of chemical reactions that occur in the human body. • Chemical reactions are needed to break down food, to repair cells, to create energy, to send messages, to fight invaders, to transport materials, and so much more. • There are thousands of chemical reactions that occur in the human body. • Chemical reactions are needed to break down food, to repair cells, to create energy, to send messages, to fight invaders, to transport materials, and so much more. • Your body needs to do over 200 TRILLION chemical reactions PER SECOND for you to stay alive!!!!!!! • A catalyst is a molecule that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions. • A catalyst is a molecule that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions. • The catalysts in our body are called enzymes. • Enzymes are special protein molecules that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in living things. • Enzymes can catalyze, or speed up, chemical reactions 10 million times faster than they would occur on their own. • Without enzymes, the chemical reactions in living things would not happen fast enough to sustain life. • There are MANY different enzymes in the body. • Every chemical reaction has a specific enzyme helper. • In other words, each enzyme is designed to work with ONE specific reaction. For example… • A SPECIFC enzyme is designed to digest carbohydrates into simple sugars. • This enzyme is called “amylase” To sum up enzymes… • Enzymes are proteins that speed up chemical reactions in living things. What do we know about enzymes? What do we know about enzymes? • • • • Enzymes are catalysts Enzymes speed up chemical reactions Each chemical reaction has a specific enzyme Enzymes speed up the synthesis and digestion of molecules in living things. • All enzymes are proteins.