Download MAIN IDEAS

Science Department-Final Review 2017-Final EXAM is
June 15th, 2017.
MAIN IDEAS
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
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MIXTURES
ELEMENTS
COMPOUNDS
PARTS OF A MICROSCOPE
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DETAILS
Develop a question
State hypothesis
Conduct the experiment
Analyze data
Make conclusions
• Can be separated by simple physical means
• Original “ingredients” retain their properties
• Air is a mixture of different gases that each have
their independent properties
 Homogeneous vs. heterogeneous
 Suspensions and colloids
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Pure substances – can’t be broken down.
Parts of an atom (protons, neutrons & electrons)
Periodic table of Elements-patterns/trends
Flame Test Lab
Active vs. Inactive Metals
Two or more elements chemically combined
• Can be broken down into smaller substances.
Ex. Hydrogen & Oxygen
 Electrolysis of Water
 Iron and Sulfur LAB
Eyepiece- the lens closest to the eye; contains the ocular lens
(10x) to let you observe the object
High power objective- longer of the two lenses close to the
slide; magnifies 40x
Low power objective- shorter of the two lenses close to the
slide; magnifies 4x
Body tube- hollow tube between eyepiece and nosepiece
Diaphragm- circular disk that controls the amount of light
Fine adjustment- used to get objects into clear view; moves
the tube slightly up and downCoarse adjustment- brings
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Science Department-Final Review 2017-Final EXAM is
June 15th, 2017.
object into view; moves the tube up and down
Phases of matter
MATTER
Phase changes-evaporation, condensation, sublimation
Phase change diagram
•Basic unit of structure in all living things
CELL
Parts are called organelles
•Cell membrane – a thin layer of protein and fat that
surrounds the cell
•Nucleus – controls many of the functions of the cell contains
DNA
•Mitochondria – “powerhouse” of the cell where food is
burned and energy is released.
•Golgi bodies – packages proteins and carbohydrates into
vessels for export from the cell.
•ER – a network of membranes – acts like a packaging system
•Cytoplasm – all fluid inside cell membrane
•Vacuoles – Stores food and water
CELL WALL – in plant but NOT animal cells
Outermost structure
BACTERIA AND VIRUSES
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Alive or not?
Parts of a bacterial cell
Eukaryotic vs prokaryotic
Helpful bacteria (5 types)
CHROMOSOMES
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In nucleus
Contain DNA
23 pairs in human body cells
23 total in sex cells
DNA
-contains genetic code
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Science Department-Final Review 2017-Final EXAM is
June 15th, 2017.
-unzips into 2 strands
Short strands of DNA for specific proteins
GENES
A= Dominant allele for straight hairline
a= recessive allele for peaked hairline
A
A
a
Aa
Aa
a
Aa
Aa
1. What % of offspring will be a heterozygous (mixed)
genotype? 100%
2. What is the genetic makeup of the parents? AA and aa
3. Why will Aa plants have a straight hairline rather than a
peaked one? Straight hairline is dominant.
The possibility of a trait being passed on
R= dominant allele for round seeds
R recessive allele for wrinkled seeds
R
r
r
Rr
rr
r
Rr
rr
What % of the offspring will have the wrinkled phenotype
(round or wrinkled)?
50%
What percent of the offspring will have a heterozygous
genotype (Rr, RR, rr)? 50%
Movement
Reproduction
Growth
Response to stimuli
Adaptation
Metabolism
MRGRAM
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
PARTS OF FLOWER
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Only occurs in plants in the chloroplasts
When plants make their own food
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Roots, stems and leaves
Stigma, style, ovary, anther, filament
Pollination & germination
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Science Department-Final Review 2017-Final EXAM is
June 15th, 2017.
SKELETAL SYSTEM
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Includes bones- we have 206
Gives shape and support to body
Protects organs- ex ribs protect heart etc…
JOINT – Any place where two or more bones join
(meet) together
LIGAMENTS – strong bands of tissue holding bones
Together
 TENDONS
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
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Chemical and physical digestion
Breaks down food to later be absorbed into the blood
Includes the liver and stomach
Liver produces a greenish liquid called bile
MUSCULAR SYSTEM
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3 types of muscles and function of muscles
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
 Heart-4 chambers
Moves oxygen and nutrients to cells and removes
carbon dioxide
Parts of the heart:
1. right and left atria (upper)
2. left and right ventricles (lower
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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
3 types of blood vessels (arteries, veins,
capillaries)
Helps move oxygen into body and carbon dioxide out of
the body
Nose, Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi,
bronchioles, lungs, diaphragm.
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