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Science 7-7 Transmitting Pressure in a Fluid – Notes Name ___________________________ Date ____________________________ Fluid exerts pressure on _________________________________________________ For example water in a bottle exerts _______________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ If you push the stopper down ever farther, the water has nowhere to go, __________ ____________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________ Pascal’s Principle The fact that pressure increases by the same amount throughout an enclosed or confined fluid was discovered in the 1600’s by ________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ This relationship is known as ________________________________________________ Force Pumps What happens if you increase pressure at one end of container with a hole at the other end? __________________________________________________________________ Examples of this are ______________________________________________________ Because it is not a confined or closed container, the fluid is _______________________ _______________________________________________________________________ This example shows how a force pump works. A force pump _____________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ How is your heart a force pump? ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Using Pascal’s Principle On page 88, look at figure 9A. Using Pascal’s Principle how does the piston on the right lift up and down? ________________________________________________________ In Figure 9B, how does the hydraulic device lift the car? _________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ If the force on the left side of the piston is 500 newtons, what is the total increase of pressure on the right side? ________________________________________ Hydraulic systems are designed to take advantage of __________________________ A hydraulic system _______________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ This is how the firefighters are able to _________________________________________ and how a car is able to ____________________________________________________. Brake System How does a car’s brake system work? ________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Pascal’s Principle in Nature A sea star uses ___________________________________________________________ Sea stars have rows of suckers at the ends of their _________________________ tube feet. Each __________________________________________. A valve is located at each foot. A valve is located at each foot. When the valve ____________, the foot becomes a _____________________________________. As the sea star contracts different muscles, it changes the _________________________ in the fluid. The change in ______________________ causes the ____________________ to either _______________________ or __________________ ________________________. By the coordinated action of all of its tube feet, a sea star is able to _________________even to climb straight up rock surfaces!