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Science 7-7
Transmitting Pressure in a Fluid – Notes
Name ___________________________
Date ____________________________
Fluid exerts pressure on _________________________________________________
For example water in a bottle exerts _______________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
If you push the stopper down ever farther, the water has nowhere to go, __________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Pascal’s Principle
The fact that pressure increases by the same amount throughout an enclosed or confined
fluid was discovered in the 1600’s by ________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
This relationship is known as ________________________________________________
Force Pumps
What happens if you increase pressure at one end of container with a hole at the other
end? __________________________________________________________________
Examples of this are ______________________________________________________
Because it is not a confined or closed container, the fluid is _______________________
_______________________________________________________________________
This example shows how a force pump works. A force pump _____________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
How is your heart a force pump? ___________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Using Pascal’s Principle
On page 88, look at figure 9A. Using Pascal’s Principle how does the piston on the right
lift up and down? ________________________________________________________
In Figure 9B, how does the hydraulic device lift the car? _________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
If the force on the left side of the piston is 500 newtons, what is the total increase of
pressure on the right side? ________________________________________
Hydraulic systems are designed to take advantage of __________________________
A hydraulic system _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
This is how the firefighters are able to _________________________________________
and how a car is able to ____________________________________________________.
Brake System
How does a car’s brake system work? ________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Pascal’s Principle in Nature
A sea star uses ___________________________________________________________
Sea stars have rows of suckers at the ends of their _________________________ tube
feet. Each __________________________________________. A valve is located at
each foot. A valve is located at each foot. When the valve ____________, the foot
becomes a _____________________________________.
As the sea star contracts different muscles, it changes the _________________________
in the fluid. The change in ______________________ causes the
____________________ to either _______________________ or __________________
________________________.
By the coordinated action of all of its tube feet, a sea star is able to _________________even to climb straight up rock surfaces!