Download Practice Paper Three

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HSC Trial Exam Paper Three
Section I
75 marks
Part A – 15 marks
Attempt Questions 1 – 15
Allow about 30 minutes for this part
Use the multiple choice answer sheet.
Select the alternative A, B, C or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval
completely.
Sample:
2+4=
(A) 2
(B) 6
(C) 8
(D) 9
A
B
C
D
If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in the new
answer.
-1-
1
The value of acceleration due to gravity on three planets, A, B, and C as well as the
planets’ masses and radii are given in the table.
Planet
A
B
C
Acceleration
due to gravity
(ms-2)
9.8
9.8
??
Radius of
planet (m)
Mass of planet
(kg)
6.370 x 106
3.190 x 106
1.274 x 107
6.0 x 1024
1.5 x 1024
1.20 x 1025
The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of planet C would be closest to:
2
3
(A)
2.5 m s-2
(B)
4.9 m s-2
(C)
9.8 m s-2
(D)
19.6 m s-2
Galileo’s analysis of projectile motion differed from that of previous ideas in that:
(A)
Galileo realised that projectiles travel in circular paths.
(B)
Galileo analysed the vertical acceleration and the horizontal acceleration of
projectiles simultaneously.
(C)
the motion of the projectile was always relative to the person observing it.
(D)
Galileo realised that the vertical and horizontal motions of projectiles could be
analysed separately.
A space probe orbits a newly discovered planet at an altitude of 100km above its surface.
The planet has the same mass as Earth, but the probe’s orbital period is 1.00 hour. The
radius of this new planet is closest to:
(A)
1.3 x 1020m
(B)
5080 km
(C)
4980 km
(D)
4100 km
-2-
4
A diagram of a galvanometer appears below:
source: http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/magnetic/galvan.html
The working principle of such a meter is:
5
(A)
the magnets are made stronger when more current flows.
(B)
the greater the current the faster the meter rotates.
(C)
the greater the voltage the more the meter moves.
(D)
the greater the current the more torque is produced against the spring.
Of the following diagrams, which one shows the greatest magnetic flux through the loop?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
-3-
6
A new type of motor has no back EMF induced when it is running. This new motor is
compared to a similar motor that does have normal back EMF.
The new type of motor without back EMF would:
7
8
(A)
have less torque than the normal motor.
(B)
likely burn out.
(C)
spin slower than a normal motor.
(D)
start up faster than a normal motor.
One of the arguments used by Edison in the competition with Westinghouse to supply
electricity to cities was:
(A)
Edison’s form of electricity was promoted as being safer than Westinghouse’s.
(B)
Edison’s electricity did not need power stations within the cities.
(C)
light globes would only work on Edison’s form of electricity.
(D)
Westinghouse’s system could not have the voltage changed easily.
An advantage of AC induction motors is that:
(A)
they don’t need magnets to work.
(B)
their speed does not change under load.
(C)
they can work on either AC or DC.
(D)
they have less moving parts in contact with each other.
-4-
9
An investigation was performed to compare the rate at which a magnet would fall through
an aluminium tube and an identical aluminium tube with a slit cut out of it, as shown:
N
N
S
S
aluminium tube
aluminium tube with slit
l
d
d
When released simultaneously:
(A)
the two magnets would take the same time to fall.
(B)
the magnet on the left would stop in the tube.
(C)
the magnet on the right would fall through the tube first.
(D)
the magnet on the left would fall through the tube first.
-5-
10
A length of wire is held vertically as shown. The ends of the wire are free to move and are
connected to the terminals of a 12V DC power supply. When the power is switched on,
which sketch best represents what will happen to the wire?
hook
wire
ends of wire free to move
connecting wires held loosely
power supply
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
-6-
11
A charged particle is fired horizontally with a velocity v into a region where there exists a
horizontal magnetic field. The particle continues to move through the magnetic field
undeflected.
The effect due to gravity is ignored.
An explanation for the charged particle being undeflected could be that the:
particle’s charge is positive.
(B)
magnetic field is perpendicular to the particle’s velocity.
(C)
particle’s mass is zero.
(D)
particle’s velocity is parallel to the direction of the magnetic field.
0
1 2 3
4
5
6 7 8
9 10 11 12
An investigation was performed to measure the force F on a charged object as the electric
field E was varied. The results were plotted on a graph of F versus E which is shown
below.
Force F (x 10-3 N)
12
(A)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Electric field E (N C-1)
The graph shows that:
(A)
the magnitude of the charge was 1.0 x 10-3 C.
(B)
the force was proportional to the electric field.
(C)
the particle was losing charge as the electric field was strengthened.
(D)
the particle was gaining charge as the electric field was strengthened.
-7-
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
A
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
A
e
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e
e
e
A
A
A
e
e
e
e
e
e
A
e
e
e
e
A
e
e
e e
e
A
e
e
A e e
A
e
e
e
A e e
A
e
e
e
e
A e e
A
e
e
e
e
A e e
A
e
e
e
e
e
e
e
A
e
e
A
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e
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e
e
-
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A
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e
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A
X
e
e
e
-
e
e
A
e
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e
electric field
e
e
e
-
e
e
A
A
e
e
-
e
-
A small section of a doped semiconductor material is shown in the diagram. The small
“e”s represent valence electrons while the “A”s represent the nucleus of atoms.
+ + + + + + + + +
13
An electric field is applied across the ends of the material, directed left to right.
In which direction will the feature labelled “X” move?
14
(A)
right
(B)
left
(C)
up
(D)
down
The Braggs were able to determine the structure of crystals because:
(A)
for the first time their microscope could magnify sufficiently to see atoms.
(B)
they used reflected electrons to form an image of the atoms in the crystals.
(C)
they used the interaction of X-rays to infer the separation of atoms in the crystals.
(D)
they were the first to recognise metals as having a crystal lattice structure.
-8-
15
An investigation was performed to determine the number of teaspoons of sugar that can
dissolve in a beaker of water.
Appropriate ways in which the reliability and the validity of the investigation could be
improved and ensured respectively are:
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Ways to improve reliability
give the exact volume of the
amount of sugar used in
each teaspoon
state the temperature of the
water used
test over a range of volumes
of water
repeat the experiment
-9-
Ways to ensure validity
use pure sugar
use sugar cubes not loose
sugar
use distilled water
stir each time a teaspoon of
sugar is added
Part B – 60 marks
Attempt Questions 16-30
Allow about 1 hour and 45 minutes for this part.
Answer the questions in the spaces provided.
Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations.
Marks
16
During the course in Physics, technology was used in assisting collection of data
in a first-hand investigation or investigations.
Identify the technology used in any one of these investigations and explain why
it was suitable or effective in its role.
2
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17
a. Explain how, when an object has its gravitational potential energy increased,
work must be done.
2
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b. Calculate the work done when an object with a mass of 5.0 x 102 kg is moved
from the surface of the Earth to an altitude of 300km. (The radius of the Earth
is 6370km).
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Question 17 continues on the next page
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2
Question 17 continued
17
Marks
c. Explain why your answer to question 17 (b) is not equal to the actual work
done on a satellite with the same mass when it is launched into Earth orbit.
2
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18
A projectile is launched at an angle of 300 to the horizontal over level ground. It
reaches a maximum height of 50.0 m.
50 m
300
a. By considering its maximum height, find the vertical component of the
projectile’s initial velocity.
2
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b. Calculate the time of flight for this projectile
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Question 18 continues on the next page
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2
Question 18, continued
c.
Explain how the range of this projectile could be found. (You do not need
to find the range.)
2
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19
One consequence of Einstein’s Theory of Special Relativity is the concept of
the relativity of simultaneity.
Explain how the relativity of simultaneity proposes that events which are
observed to occur simultaneously in one frame of reference may not be
observed to occur simultaneously in another, equally valid frame of
reference, yet both observations are deemed to be “correct”. Use an example
to illustrate your answer.
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4
Marks
20
a.
Describe a first-hand investigation you performed to demonstrate the
motor effect, including any observations that were made.
3
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b.
Define the motor effect.
1
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21
Michael Faraday’s discovery of electromagnetic induction was made with a
moving magnet near a conductor.
Explain why the magnet must be moving in order to produce an electric
current in Faraday’s discovery.
2
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22
AC generators have certain advantages and disadvantages when compared to
DC generators.
Outline one advantage and one disadvantage of AC generators.
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2
Marks
23
Discuss the impact of the development of transformers on society.
5
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24
Transformers need to be as efficient as possible, however they produce some
heat.
Explain the difference in the heat production between two otherwise identical
transformers A and B which both use iron cores. The cores are shown in the
diagrams below.
solid block
of iron
A
layers of iron
separated by
thin sheets of
insulating material
B
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3
Marks
25
In an attempt to avoid global warming, the Earth is moved to an orbit around
the Sun which is twice the original average radius.
a.
Describe quantitatively the effect on the length of one year on Earth that
this change would cause.
3
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b.
Give one reason why this change to the length of a year would occur.
1
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26
By equating the force on a moving charged particle with centripetal force,
calculate the radius of the curvature of the path of an electron when it enters a
uniform magnetic field (B = 4.0 x 10-4 T) with a velocity of 6.0 x 106 m s-1
perpendicular to the magnetic field as shown below.
The effects of gravity can be ignored.
X
X
X
X
X
X
X B = 4.0 x 10-4 T
X
X
X
V = 6.0 x 106 m s-1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
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3
Marks
27
Quantum theory eventually led to the solving of the puzzle of black body
radiation.
a.
Outline the problem with black body radiation that classical physics
could not explain.
2
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b.
Describe the hypothesis proposed by Planck which resolved the problem
with black body radiation.
2
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28
An electron moving with a speed of 3.7 x 107 m s-1 is stopped, converting all
of its kinetic energy into a single photon, which is emitted.
a.
What was the kinetic energy of the electron?
2
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b.
What is the frequency of the emitted photon?
3
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Marks
- 16 -
29
Describe how shortcomings in available communication technology led to an
increased knowledge of the properties of materials, particularly
semiconductors, leading to the invention of the transistor.
6
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Marks
- 17 -
30
The graph shows the resistivity versus temperature for a Type I
superconductor.
resistivity
(Ω m)
0
0
X
temperature (K)
With reference to the superconductor’s lattice structure and the behaviour of
the conducting electrons moving through the material, explain the nature of
the graph, particularly at the temperature labelled “X”.
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4
Section II
25 marks
Attempt ONE question from Questions 32-36
Allow about 45 minutes for this section
Answer the question in a writing booklet.
Show all relevant working in questions involving calculations.
Pages
Question 31
Geophysics………………………………… 20
Question 32
Medical Physics…………………………… 21-22
Question 33
Astrophysics……………………………….. 23-24
Question 34
From Quanta to Quarks……………………. 25-26
Question 35
The Age of Silicon………………………… 27-28
- 19 -
Marks
Question 31 Geophysics
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
(25 marks)
Identify the property of rocks that allows them to change shape
without breaking or cracking.
1
Describe the meaning of the term “radiometric” when applied to a
method used in geophysics.
2
In an investigation similar to one in which the mass of the Earth is calculated,
a satellite was placed in orbit around the Moon. The satellite’s orbital radius
of 2.50 x 106 m gave it a period of 1.12 x 104 s.
Given the above information, calculate the mass of the Moon.
(c)
(i)
Using a diagram to illustrate your answer, describe the differences in
the paths of P waves and S waves as they travel through the Earth.
3
Discuss the uses of seismic methods in the search for oil and gas.
5
Identify one area of current research in the field of Geophysics and describe
this research including its potential benefits to society.
4
(ii)
(d)
(e)
During the study of Geophysics, an investigation was performed to model
how the inclination of the Earth’s magnetic field varies with latitude.
(i)
Describe the dependent and independent variables that were relevant in
performing this investigation.
2
Identify any one variable which needed to be kept constant during the
investigation.
1
Describe the method used to calculate the rate of spreading of an ocean floor
using a magnetic polarity time scale and a magnetic anomaly profile.
4
(ii)
(f)
3
End of Question 31
- 20 -
Question 32 Medical Physics (25 marks)
(a)
(b)
(i)
Identify the source of ultrasound that is transmitted from the transducer.
1
(ii)
Describe the property of materials that makes ultrasound imaging
possible.
2
Calculate the acoustic impedance of fat given: density of fat = 952 kg m -3
and the ultrasound velocity in fat = 1.45 x 103 m s-1.
1
Given the acoustic impedance of water = 1.43 x 106 kg m-2 s-1, calculate
the ratio of the reflected intensity to the original intensity for ultrasound
at an interface between water and fat.
2
(i)
(ii)
(c)
(i)
(e)
Certain properties of some radioisotopes make them suitable for use in
medical applications to obtain scans of organs.
Describe these properties and, in general terms, compare them to the
properties of other radioisotopes which are not suitable for obtaining
scans of organs.
3
Describe how the positron emission tomography (PET) technique is used
for the diagnosis of diseases including cancer.
5
Identify one area of current research in the field of medical physics and describe
this research including its potential benefits to society.
4
(ii)
(d)
Marks
(i)
(ii)
The procedure undertaken to produce a bone scan involves the use of
potentially harmful materials. Outline the risks to the operator and to the
patient in obtaining a bone scan.
2
If procedures such as bone scans have inherent dangers associated with
them, explain why they are still used in medicine.
1
Question 32 continues on the next page
- 21 -
Question 32, continued
(f)
Marks
Magnetic resonance image (MRI) scans are able to provide images of sensitive
organs of the body, including the brain.
The diagram below shows nuclei spinning (left) and nuclei aligned (right).
(i)
(ii)
Explain how the nuclei come to be in the state shown on the right when
MRI scans are being produced.
2
Describe what must be done to the nuclei shown on the right to make
them precess as they spin.
2
End of question 32
- 22 -
Marks
Question 33 Astrophysics (25 marks)
(a)
(i)
(ii)
(b)
Outline the reasons why many space observatories have been placed into
Earth orbit.
2
Identify one way in which ground-based observatories can have their
resolutions improved.
1
The position of a star is found by photographing it against background stars just
before dawn on 1st June. On 1st December, the same star is photographed just
after sunset. Its position was found to have changed by 0.08 arcseconds.
By first finding the star’s parallax angle, calculate the distance to this star in
parsecs.
(c)
(i)
Different types of spectra are produced by stars, galaxies, emission
nebulae and quasars. Identify the types of spectra produced by each of
these objects.
3
Account for the production of absorption spectra and show why, for the
same element, the characteristic wavelengths are the same as those found
in emission spectra.
5
Identify one area of current research in the field of Astrophysics and describe
this research including its potential benefits to society.
4
(ii)
(d)
(e)
3
(i)
(ii)
Identify two of the risks associated with performing a first-hand
investigation to examine spectra produced in discharge tubes and
reflected sunlight.
2
For one risk identified in question (e) (i), describe a precaution that was
taken so as to minimise this risk.
1
Question 33 continues on the next page
- 23 -
Question 33 continued
(f)
Marks
“We are the stuff of stars. If not for the stars that are now long gone, we would
be mere puffs of gas.”
Assess this quote by describing the synthesis of elements in stars.
End of Question 33
- 24 -
4
Marks
Question 34 From Quanta to Quarks (25 marks)
(a)
(i)
Identify the instrument needed to observe the Balmer series of hydrogen
when it is produced in a hydrogen discharge tube.
1
Outline the significance of the Balmer series to the development of
Bohr’s model of the atom.
2
Show that the wavelength of a 57.0g tennis ball served with a speed of 50.0 m s-1
is not a significant factor in the game.
3
(ii)
(b)
(c)
(i)
By referring to one example, describe how transmutation can occur. A
nuclear reaction should be used to show this.
3
Describe the concept of mass defect and outline its role in keeping nuclei
from disintegrating.
5
Identify one area of current research in the field of nuclear physics and describe
this research including its potential benefits to our understanding of matter.
4
(ii)
(d)
Natural radioactivity can cause the transmutation of some isotopes.
Question 34 continues on the next page
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Marks
Question 34, continued
(e)
(i)
(ii)
(f)
Outline two precautions that should be taken when handling sources of
nuclear radiation.
2
Identify why it is acceptable to have certain sources of radioactivity in
smoke detectors placed inside homes.
1
Discuss the role of quarks and leptons in the standard model of matter.
End of question 34
- 26 -
4
Question 35 The Age of Silicon (25 marks)
(a)
Marks
(i)
Identify one desirable optical property of silica.
1
(ii)
Outline the role of silica in optical fibres.
2
(b)
Discuss the advantages of electronic circuits over electric circuits.
3
(c)
Explain the role of the input transducers in a digital camera.
3
(d)
Over the last 30 years, the density of transistors contained on a silicon chip has
consistently increased exponentially. The graph shows how this has happened.
108
107
106
105
104
103
1970
(i)
(ii)
1980
1990
2000
2010
Explain why the graph is not expected to continue in this manner for
the next 30 years.
2
Outline the effect that this may have on computing power over the next
30 years.
2
Question 35 continues on the next page
- 27 -
Marks
Question 35, continued
(e)
(f)
Identify one area of current research in the field of electronics and describe this
research including its potential benefits to society.
5
(i)
1
Write the logical expression for the following truth table:
A
INPUT
1
1
0
0
(ii)
(g)
B
INPUT
1
0
1
0
C
OUTPUT
1
0
0
0
Describe any precautions that need to be taken to ensure the safety of
microprocessors when they are being handled or replaced.
2
Assess the changes that occurred to computers when the first solid state devices
replaced thermionic devices in their circuits.
4
End of Paper
- 28 -
DATA SHEET
Charge on electron, qe
-1.602 x 10-19C
Mass of electron, me
9.109 x 10-31kg
Mass of neutron, mn
1.675 x 10-27kg
Mass of proton, mp
1.673 x 10-27kg
Speed of sound in air
340ms-1
Earth’s gravitational acceleration, g
9.8ms-2
Speed of light, c
3.00 x 108ms-1
 

Magnetic force constant,  k  0 
2 

2.0 x 10-7NA-2
Universal gravitational constant, G
6.67 x 10-11Nm2kg-2
Mass of Earth
6.0 x 1024kg
Planck constant, h
6.626 x 10-34Js
Rydberg constant, R (hydrogen)
1.097 x 107m-1
Atomic mass unit, u
1.661 x 10-27kg
931.5 MeV/c2
1 eV
1.602 x 10-19J
Density of water, 
1.00 x 103kgm-3
Specific heat capacity of water
4.18 x 103Jkg-1K-1
- 29 -
FORMULAE SHEET
v = f
Ep = - G
m1m2
r
1
d2
F = mg
v1 sin i

v2 sin r
vx2 = ux2
I
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
v = u + at
E=
F
q
vy2 = uy2 + 2ayy
R=
V
I
x = uxt
y = uyt + ½ ayt2
P = VI
Energy = VIt
r 3 GM

T 2 4 2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
vav =
r
vu
therefore aav =
t
t
F
Gm1m2
d2
F = ma
E = mc2
mv 2
F
r
v2
lv  lo 1  2
c
Ek = ½ mv2
tv 
to
1
v2
c2
W = Fs
mv 
p = mv
Impulse = Ft
- 30 -
mo
v2
1 2
c
FORMULAE SHEET
II
F
k 1 2
l
d
d
F = BIlsin
d 
M  m  5log  
 10 
1
p
 = Fd
IA
m m
 100 B A  / 5
IB
 = nBIAcos
m1  m2 
Vp

4 2 r 3
GT 2
np
Vs ns
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 1
1 
 R 2  2 
n


 f ni
1
F = qvBsin
E
V
d
h
mv
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

E = hf
c = f
Ao 
Vout
Vin
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R
Vout
 f
Vin
Ri
Z = v
I r  Z 2  Z1 

I o  Z 2  Z1 2
2
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- 31 -
Periodic Table of the Elements
1
H
1.008
Element symbol
Hydrogen
26
Fe
55.85
Atomic number
2
He
4.003
Atomic weight
Iron
Element name
3
Li
6.94
4
Be
9.012
Lithium
11
Na
22.99
Sodium
Magnesium
19
K
39.10
20
Ca
40.08
21
Sc
44.96
22
Ti
47.87
23
V
50.94
Potassium
Calcium
Scandium
Titanium
Vanadium
37
Rb
85.47
38
Sr
87.62
39
Y
88.91
40
Zr
91.22
41
Nb
92.91
Rubidium
Strontium
Yttrium
Zirconium
Niobium
55
Cs
132.9
56
Ba
137.3
57-71
72
Hf
178.5
73
Ta
180.9
74
W
183.8
75
Re
186.2
76
Os
190.2
Caesium
Barium
Lanthanoids
Hafnium
Tantalum
Tungsten
Rhenium
87
Fr
[223.0]
88
Ra
[226.0]
89-103
104
Rf
[261.1]
105
Db
[262.1]
106
Sg
[263.1]
107
Bh
[264.1]
Francium
Radium
Actinoids
Rutherfordium
Dubnium
Seaborgium
Bohrium
Helium
5
B
10.81
6
C
12.01
7
N
14.01
8
O
16.00
9
F
19.00
10
Ne
20.18
Beryllium
Boron
Carbon
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Fluorine
Neon
12
Mg
24.31
13
Al
26.98
14
Si
28.09
15
P
30.97
16
S
32.07
17
Cl
35.45
18
Ar
39.95
Key
24
Cr
52.00
25
Mn
54.94
Aluminium
Silicon
Phosphorous
Sulfur
Chlorine
Argon
26
Fe
55.85
27
Co
58.93
28
Ni
58.69
29
Cu
63.55
30
Zn
65.39
31
Ga
69.72
32
Ge
72.61
33
As
74.92
34
Se
78.96
35
Br
79.90
36
Kr
83.8
Iron
Cobalt
Nickel
Copper
Zinc
Gallium
Germanium
Arsenic
Selenium
Bromine
Krypton
44
Ru
101.1
45
Rh
102.9
46
Pd
106.4
47
Ag
107.9
48
Cd
112.4
49
In
114.8
50
Sn
118.7
51
Sb
121.8
52
Te
127.6
53
I
126.9
54
Xe
131.3
Rhodium
Palladium
Silver
Cadmium
Indium
Tn
Antimony
Tellerium
Iodine
Xenon
77
Ir
192.2
78
Pt
195.1
79
Au
197.0
80
Hg
200.6
81
Tl
204.4
82
Pb
207.2
83
Bi
209.0
84
Po
[210.0]
85
At
[210.0]
86
Rn
[222.0]
Osmium
Iridium
Platinum
Gold
Mercury
Thallium
Lead
Bismuth
Polonium
Astatine
Radon
108
Hs
[265.1]
109
Mt
[268]
110
Ds
111
Rg
112
Uub
113
Uut
114
Uuq
115
Uup
116
Uuh
117
Uus
118
Uuo
Hassium
Meitnerium
Chromium Manganese
42
Mo
95.94
43
Te
98.91
Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium
Darmstadtium Roentgenium
Ununbium Ununtrium
Ununquadium Ununpentium Ununhexium Ununseptium Ununoctium
Lanthanoids
57
La
138.9
58
Ce
140.1
Lanthanam
Cerium
59
Pr
140.9
60
Nd
144.2
61
Pm
[146.9]
Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium
62
Sm
150.4
Samarium
63
Eu
152.0
64
Gd
157.3
65
Tb
158.9
66
Dy
162.5
67
Ho
164.9
68
Er
167.3
69
Tm
168.9
70
Yb
173.0
71
Lu
175.0
Europium Gadolinium
Terbium
Dysprosium
Holmium
Erbium
Thulium
Ytterbium
Lutetium
95
Am
[241.1]
96
Cm
[244.1]
97
Bk
[249.1]
98
Cf
[252.1]
99
Es
[252.1]
100
Fm
[257.1]
101
Md
[258.1]
102
No
[259.1]
103
Lr
[262.1]
Americium
Curium
Fermium
Mendelevium
Nobelium
Lawrencium
Actinoids
89
Ac
[227.0]
90
Th
232.0
91
Pa
231.0
92
U
238.0
Actinium
Thorium
Protactinium
Uranium
93
Np
[237.0]
94
Pu
[239.1]
Neptunium Plutonium
Bracketed atomic weights are those of the most common radioactive isotope.
- 32 -
Berkelium Californium Einsteinium