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Style Workshop Types of Sentences Independent clauses can stand alone as sentences. Dependent clauses need another clause to form a complete sentence. Simple: Contains one independent clause and no dependent clauses. Example: Becky rode a blue bike. Compound: A sentence with multiple independent clauses but no dependent clauses Example: Becky rode a blue bike, and she fell off it. Complex: A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause. Example: Becky rode a blue bike to the store. Complex-Compound: A sentence with multiple independent clauses and at least one dependent clause. Example: Becky rode a blue bike and she fell off it, but she brushed herself off and rode to the store. When you write, you will want to include a variety of sentences and sentence structures to keep the writing from being monotonous which can bore a reader. Inexperienced writers often only use simple sentences while more sophisticated writers use a variety of sentence structures. “To Be” Verbs: is, are, was, were, be, been, am Example with “to be” verb: Becky was going to the store when she fell off her bike. Example with “to be” verb eliminated: Becky fell off her blue bike on the way to the store. Keep an eye out for your use of “to be” verbs. Often these verbs aren’t active and fail to provide a clear description for your reader. Enter the various forms of “to be” one at a time into the “Find” box to locate and evaluate your use of these terms. Prepositions: to, onto, into, at, in, on, since, for, by, from – to, from – until, during, within, under, underneath, beneath, below, near, by, next to, between, among, opposite (when talking about a location), of, about, above, across, against, ahead of, along, among, around, beside, between, in front of, outside, inside, near, off, out of, through, toward, under, within. Example: On a cloudy day Becky rode her blue bike under the bridge to the store but she fell off into a puddle and got mud on her yellow slacks. (5 total prepositions in one sentence!) Example eliminating some of the prepositions: The sky was cloudy when Becky rode her blue bike to the store. She fell into a puddle and soiled her yellow slacks. (Note this sentence was revised by breaking the sentence into two sentences.) Explanation of rules come from Purdue OWL: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/ Style Workshop Use a variety of prepositions in your prose, but don’t add too many to any one sentence. Doing so will make the sentences more complicated to read. Limit your use of prepositions per sentence to 2-3. Activity First, you will want to know how many sentences total you have in your paper: . Examine your essay and tabulate how many of each type of sentence exists in your paper. Your Essay Average in your paper in percentiles Divide your answer by the total number of sentences in your essay. Then multiply by 100. Class Average Professional essay Simple Compound Complex Compound Complex Examine your essay and highlight each occurrence of a “to be” verb. Record your findings. Total number of “to be” verbs. Total number of other verbs. Examine your essay and highlight (in a different color) each preposition you find. Record your findings. Total Number of Prepositions Sentence with the most prepositions Sentence with the least Prepositions With Track Changes on, go through your essay and begin editing your work. To turn on Track Changes, Go to “REVIEW” and select “Track Changes”. Doing this will allow you to see the changes you made when you have finished editing your work. When you are finished save your draft in a separate file, print both your original draft and the draft with your tracked changes on. Explanation of rules come from Purdue OWL: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/