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Digestion Lab TEKS: 121.13C2c, 121.13C4b, 121.13C4c, 121.13C8c, 121.13C10a Objectives: I can: infer which food will digest the slowest; identify the different structures of the digestive system as well as their functions and use this information to explain how energy is processed and stored within the body; explain how the digestive system interacts with the circulatory system; explain how diabetes, hypothyroidism, and Crohn’s disease affects energy deficiencies and/ or malabsorption. Materials: Colored Pencils Papers on Digestive System Food- High in Protein Food- High in Carbohydrates Soft Drink Water Cups Paper Plates Paper Towels for clean up Scissors Meter stick Masking tape String Markers (Different Colors) Prcedures: 1. Use the chart below to measure out the length of each organ of the digestive tract. Using a marker, color the part of the string that represents the mouth one color and the part that represents the pharynx and esophagus another color. Use a different color for each part of the digestive tract. Digestive Organ Mouth Pharynx & Esophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Length in cm 11 25 30 690 152 2. Record the number of calories, grams of carbohydrates, grams of fat, and grams of protein as you consume the food. Complete the worksheets on the Digestive System (Be able to identify the different structures as well as their functions). Answer the questions on the following pages. Name: _______________________________________ Period: _____ Date: __________ Digestion Lab 1. The digestive system is __________________________ meters in length. 2. How many calories, carbohydrates (g), fats (g), and protein (g) did you consume? Student’s Name Calories Carbohydrates Fats Protein 3. (Carbohydrates or Proteins) are digested much faster than (Carbohydrates or Proteins). Explain you answer. As you answer the following questions, think about what happened to the food as you consumed it. Use the words at the end of this section to fill in the blanks (They may be used more than once). Digestion begins in the __________________. _________________________ digestion occurs as the teeth crush and grind the food. _______________________________digestion occurs as saliva is produced by the _________________________________ and the amylase in the saliva begins to break down the _____________________________. When the food is swallowed, it is now known as _______________________. As the food is swallowed, it passes through the ______________________ before passing by the epiglottis and into the _______________________________. At the end of this structure, it must pass through the ____________________ sphincter before entering the stomach. ______________________ digestion occurs as the stomach churns. Chemical digestion occurs as Hydrochloric acid decreases the pH of the stomach and pepsin digests the ____________________. In the stomach the food is turned into a liquidly substance known as ________________________. This substance then passes through the _______________________ sphincter and into the small intestine. The small intestine is made up of the _______________________________, _________________________________ and the ________________________________. _____________________________ digestion continues in the 1st part of the small intestine as pancreatic juices break down _____________________________, __________________, and __________________________. Also in this part of the intestine, bile emulsifies the ________________________. Bile is produced by the ___________________________ and stored in the __________________________________________. Another function of the small intestine is to absorb ____________________________. The remaining substance will pass into the large intestine. The function of the large intestine is to absorb ______________________. At this time, the substance in the large intestine is known as ______________________. The remaining substance is then stored in the ______________________ before passing through the ________________________ and out of the body. Chemical Mechanical Feces Nutrients Cardiac Duodenum Chyme Liver Mouth Bolus Ileum Esophagus Water Jejunum Carbohydrates Starches Fats Lipids Gall Bladder Rectum Anus Salivary Glands Pharynx Protein Pyloric
