Download Dr. Watson Chapter 10 Gastrointestinal

Dr. Watson’s Medical Terminology
Chapter 10 The Digestive System
Week 10
Click on The Digestive System
Anatomy
1. What is the bucca?
2.
What are the functions of the tongue?
3.
Where can you find the “sublingual salivary glands”?
4.
What glands are located in the front of the ear?
5.
What do the salivary glands produce? What is the function of the substance produced by the
salivary glands?
6.
What is the location of the gums and what is the medical term for them?
7.
What are the four center teeth in the adult called?
8.
What is the medical term for the canine teeth? How many canine teeth are in each jaw?
9.
Which two types of teeth are used for grinding?
10. Where is the hard palate located?
11. Where is the soft palate located?
12. What is a bolus?
13. What anatomical structure keeps a bolus from accidentally going into the trachea?
14. What structure does the liquefied food travel through to get to the stomach?
15. What structure does the bolus enter the stomach through?
16. Food mixes with ____________ acid and leaves the stomach through the __________
___________ into the duodenum.
17. What is a sphincter?
18. List and describe the three segments of the small intestine.
a.
b.
c.
19. Where does the ileum attach to the large intestine?
20. Where can you find the appendix?
21. What is medical term for the colon?
22. Is the colon longer or shorter than the small intestine?
23. Is the diameter of the small intestine larger or smaller than the colon?
24. What part of the colon follows the cecum?
25. Where is the hepatic flexure?
26. In what direction does the transverse colon go?
27. How did the splenic flexure get its name and where is it located?
28. The ____________ colon extends from the splenic flexure to the _____________ _____________
and ends at the rectum and anus.
29. Describe the rectum.
30. Describe the anus.
31. What is unique about the sigmoid colon?
32. What would be the result of not having an anus?
Accessory Organs of the Digestive System
1. What is the location of the liver?
2.
What are the functions of the liver?
3.
Where can you find the gallbladder?
4.
What is the purpose of the gallbladder?
5.
Define the terms: gall –
Bladder –
6.
What structures does bile have to pass from the liver and gall bladder to get to the small intestine?
7.
Where in the small intestine does bile enter?
8.
Where can you find the spleen?
9.
Why is the pancreas called an exocrine gland?
10. What substances are produced by the pancreas?
11. Label the attached diagram.
Pathology
1. For each of the following organs, create a medical term that means “inflammation of “
Organ
Inflammation
Mouth
Tongue
Stomach
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Intestine
Colon
2.
What is the medical term for “swallowing air”
3.
What is the medical term for belching?
4.
What is the medical term for gas escaping from the anus?
5.
What are the medical terms for:
Eating too little –
Eating too much –
Indigestion –
6.
What do the following terms associated with a stroke mean:
Dysphagia –
Aphagia –
7. Define: hematemesis –
Hemorrhoids –
Gastric ulcer –
Duodenal ulcer –
7.
What is the difference between acute and chronic?
8.
What is meant by a perforated ulcer?
9.
What organism causes 80% of all gastric ulcers?
Intestinal Disorders
1. List and describe the three types of hernias.
2.
What can happen with a chronic, untreated hernia?
3.
List the two parts of the word diarrhea and define the parts.
4. Define: volvulus
Intussusception
4.
How are the conditions in #4 above treated surgically?
5.
What are two terms for complications from surgery that can occur directly with the incision? Define
each.
6.
What is diverticulosis?
7.
What is a diverticulum?
8.
What are the tumors in the colon or the rectum called?
9.
What are piles?
10. How are piles treated?
11. Explain why ulcerative colitis is so painful?
12. What is a rectocele? (Break the word into its two parts)
Liver Disorders
1. What are two common liver disorders? Describe each and give three symptoms of the disorders?
2.
What is the medical term for enlargement of the liver?
3.
What is the medical term for inflammation of the gallbladder?
4.
What is the medical term for gallstones?
5.
Why is inflammation of the pancreas so serious?
Pharmacy
1. What does the word antacid mean? Divide the word into its two parts.
2.
How do antacids word to relieve symptoms?
3.
Define reflux esophagitis.
4.
How do the following medications work:
a.
b.
c.
antispasmodic
antiemetic
antidiarrheal
5.
What is the difference between cathartics/purgative and laxative?
6.
What type of drug is administered if something is accidentally ingested that is poisonous? Why is
this type of drug administered?
7.
What is the function of laxatives?
The Lab
1. What does a serum bilirubin test demonstrate?
2.
Define the following terms and indicate how they may be associated with bilirubin:
a.
b.
3.
hemoglobin
hemolysis
What is the medical term for blood that may be unseen In emesis or a bowel movement or bleeding
that is hidden?
The Clinic
1. List and describe the three radiographic procedures that use a chalky white substance. What is the
chalky white substance?
2.
What two radiographic procedures use dye to visualize the gallbladder? What is the difference
between the two?
3.
What two tests diagnose liver problems?
4.
What do endoscopic procedures do?
5.
What is the difference between a proctoscopy and a proctosigmoidoscopy?
6.
Define the following surgical procedures:
7.
a.
herniorrhaphy
b.
gastrostomy
c.
choledocholithotomy
d.
glossectomy
e.
esophagoscopy
f.
hepatic lobectomy
g.
colostomy
h.
stomatoplasty
i.
pyloromyotomy
j.
anastomosis
k.
esophagojejunostomy
l.
laparotomy
What is an exploratory laparotomy?
Records
1. Give the abbreviations for the following meanings:
a. every other day
b. before meals
c. every day
d. after meals
e. twice a day
f. as needed
g. three times a day
h. immediately
i. four times a day
j. by mouth
k. at nighttime
l. nothing by mouth
m. barium enema
n. bowel movement
2.
What source of nutrition is given to patients who cannot take food by mouth for a long time? What
is the abbreviation for this?
Miscellaneous Terms
1. What are the four GI problems in this section. Define each.
2.
What are the two specialists listed in this section. What is their area of specialty?
3.
What is the name of the normal body process that occurs throughout the GI tract?
4.
What are the three surgeries discussed in this section? Describe them.
5.
Define:
a. anal
b.
celiac
c.
peritoneal
d.
sigmoidal
Don’t forget to try the Class Exercises!