Download review – midterm 2017

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CP/GHP Physics Midterm Review
Unit 1: Introduction to Physics
1. Give a definition of physics.
2. What are the seven branches of physics, and what is the focus of each branch?
3. What are the three base quantities and their respective units in the metric system?
4. How many meters are in 0.35 kilometers?
5. How many kilograms are in 250 grams?
6. How many meters per second are in 24 km per hour?
7. Write the general form of an equation for the following shaped graphs, and sketch
the shape of each one.
linear:
parabolic:
hyperbolic:
8. Sketch a position vs. time graph where an object is:
At rest:
at a constant velocity
accelerating
Unit 2: Motion in 1 Dimension
9. Define displacement both verbally and with a mathematical formula. What are
units?
10. What is the difference between distance and displacement?
11. If you drive 370 km west and you left your house at 10 am and you get there at 3
pm, what was your average velocity?
12. What does the slope of a position vs. time graph tell you about the motion of the
object? Know how to find the slope of a line (rise / run) on the midterm!
13. Define acceleration both verbally and with a mathematical formula. What are the
units?
14. An automobile with an initial speed of 4.30 m/s accelerates uniformly at the rate
of 3.00 m/s2 over 5.0 seconds. Find the final speed and the displacement of the
car during this time.
15. A motorboat accelerates uniformly from a velocity of 1.5 m/s west to a velocity of
6.5 m/s west. If its acceleration was 2.7 m/s2 west, how far did it travel during the
acceleration?
16. An object is dropped from rest at a height of 25 m off the ground. How much
time does it take to fall?
17. A ball is thrown straight up in the air. At its peak, the ball has velocity of
___________ and acceleration of _____________.
Unit 3: Motion in 2 Dimensions
18. What is the difference between a vector and a scalar?
19. Identify whether the following quantities are a vector or a scalar.
A) Distance
B) Displacement
C) Velocity
D) Speed
E) Time
F) Force
G) Mass
H) Acceleration
20. What is the resultant of adding a vector of 36 m/s east to 57 m/s north?
(magnitude and direction)
21. A truck drives up a 20 degree hill at 28 m/s. What are the horizontal and vertical
components to the truck’s velocity?
22. Define a projectile:
23. Suppose you kick a rock horizontally off a 221 meter high bridge with a speed of
6 m/s. How far away from the bridge does it land?
24. A golf ball is hit at some angle and travels out a distance away from the tee.
What is its acceleration..
A) when it is first hit after it leaves the club?
B) when it’s at the top of its path?
C) when it is about to hit the ground?
Unit 4: Forces and Newton’s Laws
25. State Newton’s First Law
26. State Newton’s Second Law
27. State Newton’s Third Law
28. The unit Newton (N) is made up of the three base units. What are they?
29. What is the difference between mass and weight?
30. What is the weight of an object with mass 150 kg?
31. Define the following.
A) Inertia
B) Force
C) Friction
D) Coefficient of friction
E) Normal force
F) Weight
G) Static friction
H) Kinetic friction
I) Terminal velocity
32. Which always has a bigger coefficient of friction, static or kinetic?
33. If the net force on an object is zero, what must be true about its velocity?
34. An object is at _________________ when Fnet = 0.
35. A truck hits a car. What is the reaction force?
36. A 0.045 kg tennis ball is hit with a net force of 140 N. At what rate will it
accelerate?
37. What is the net force necessary to accelerate a 1,200 kg race car at a rate of 10.2
m/s2?
38. Four forces act on a 4 kg object: 12 N going up, 5 N going down, 18 N to the
right, and 6 N to the left.
A) Find the net force on the object.
B) Find the direction the net force acts.
C) Find the magnitude of its acceleration using Newton’s Second Law.
39. A child sits in a sled on flat ground. The child gets a push from his father to 4 m/s
and then drifts along until coming to a stop. The child and sled have a combined
mass of 45 kg. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the child and the
ground is 0.34.
A) What is the magnitude of the force of friction that slows the child down?
B) What is the rate of acceleration of the child?
Unit 5: Work, Power, and Energy
40. Two twins walk up the same hill. Heather walks straight up the hill and Lisa
takes a zig-zag path, traversing the hill to get to the top. Heather gets to the top
much quicker
A) Who has to apply more force to get to the top?
B) Who has to travel a greater distance to get to the top?
C) Who did more work to get to the top?
D) Who had more power?
41. Define the following terms. Write formulas for A, C, and D.
A) Work:
B) Energy:
C) Potential energy:
D) Kinetic energy:
E) Mechanical energy:
42. For the following roller coaster,
A) Where is KE the highest?
B) Where is PE the highest?
C) Where is ME the highest? (THINK)
(Life tip: Don’t ride a roller coaster that looks like this.)
43. A weightlifter pushes up a mass of 120 kg a distance of 0.52 meters. Calculate
how much work he did.
44. A 1,300 kg car is traveling at 21 m/s. Find its kinetic energy.
45. A 1.4 kg football helmet rests on top of a locker that is 1.8 meters high. What is
its potential energy?
Unit 6: Impulse and Momentum
46. Define:
Impulse
Momentum
Elastic collision
Inelastic collision
47. Give an example related to sports why you care about impulse.
UNITS!
What unit is used to measure each of these variables?
48. Displacement
49. Time
50. Mass
51. Velocity
52. Acceleration
53. Inertia
54. Force (metric)
55. Force (English)
56. Work
57. Coefficient of friction
58. Kinetic energy
59. Potential energy