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Chlamydia
STD that produces inflammation of
reproductive organs. Most common
type of bacterial STD.
Gonorrhea
STD that infects the lining of the
genital and urinary tracts.
Syphilis
STD that produces chancres
(painless sores) in the genital
area and damages organs if left
untreated.
What causes it?
Bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis
Gonococcus bacterium niesseria
gonorrhoeae.
Spirochete- spiral shaped
bacterium.
What are the
symptoms or
warning signs of
it?
Males: painful urination, inflamed
urethra, discharge, pain in scrotum.
Males: white, milky discharge from
penis. Burning or pain during
urination.
Many infected people do not
have symptoms. There are 4
stages in both males and females.
What is it?
Females: inflammation of the vagina
or cervix, burning during urination,
discharge, possible bleeding between
menstrual cycle.
Females: burning during urination,
discharge from vagina, abdominal
pain, vomiting, fever.
Some infected people show no signs.
Many people show no symptoms.
Ways to diagnose
disease and
Treatment.
Lab examination of discharge.
Physician prescribed antibiotics,
follow up is necessary.
Exam the discharge of both male
and female. Treated with antibiotics
but sometimes does not always
cure.
Mode of
Transmission
From infected person to another
person through sexual contact.
Infected mother to baby during
vaginal birth.
Abstinence, monogamous
relationships, avoiding needle drugs,
male condom can reduce the risk.
PID disease, ectopic pregnancy.
Infected mother to child, the child
could be born blind or develop
pneumonia.
How can it be
prevented?
What are some
complications?
Virus or Bacteria?
Virus or Bacteria
1-sores appear- chancre
2- rash, tiredness, fever, swollen
glands
3- may last several years, possible
damage to organs
4- irreversible damage to body
organs, possible blindness, paralysis
and death may occur.
Diagnosis with blood test. The
rash and sores need to be
checked by physician. Treated
with antibiotics but treatment
can not reverse body organ
damage.
Sexual contact with infected partner. Sexual contact and fluids with an
Infected mother to baby during
infected partner. Pregnant mom
vaginal birth.
to baby.
Abstinence, monogamous
relationships, avoiding needle drugs,
male condom can reduce the risk.
Infections in joints, heart valves,
brain. PID’s, permanent sterility of
male and female.
Abstinence, monogamous
relationships, avoiding needle
drugs
Damage to organs eyes, brain,
nervous system, heart, blindness,
paralysis, death, miscarriage,
stillbirth, birth defects.
Virus or Bacteria
Virus or Bacteria
Hepatitis
Genital Herpes
Genital Warts
What is it?
Inflammatory infection of the liver.
There are 5 types, caused by different
viruses. Hep A to E.
STD that produces cold sores or
fever blisters in genital area, mouth
and rectum.
This STD produces wart like
growths on the genitals.
What causes it?
virus
Herpes simplex virus Type 1 and 2
Human papilloma virus (HPV)
What are the
symptoms or
warning signs of
it?
Some people have no signs or
symptoms. Males and females could
experience fever, head ache, nausea,
vomit, diarrhea, ab pain, jaundice,
yellowing of skin or eyes.
Males and females: itching and
burning, painful blisters. Fever, head
ache, muscle pain problems
urinating.
Males and females: red or pink
warts. Warts have a cauliflower
look.
Females: warts on vagina,
cervix, rectum
Males: warts on penis, scrotum.
Physician can examine warts.
Other lab tests can be done. Pap
smear for woman can be used.
There is no cure medications can
ease symptoms, laser surgery.
Sexual contact with infected
partner, spread very easily. Can
contract from bed linens, towels,
clothing. Can be transferred
from infected mother to baby
during vaginal delivery.
Females: vaginal discharge
Fluid from sores and blisters can be
examined. Blood tests are also used.
There is no cure, you will always be
infected and can transmit to others.
Ways to diagnose
disease and
Treatment.
Blood test work best to diagnose.
Treatment is bed rest, fluid intake,
drugs to improve liver function.
There is a vaccine for Hep A and B.
Mode of
Transmission
Sexual contact with infected person,
open mouth kissing with the blisters
or sores. Touching sores can also
lead to transmission as well as
pregnant mother to child during
vaginal birth.
prevented?
Hep A- infected people who handle
food and do not wash hands after
bathroom use. Shellfish from
contaminated water.
Hep B,C,D- transmitted through
sexual contact with infected partner,
sharing needles that have infected
blood on it. Also contact with
infected blood.
Abstinence, monogamous
relationships, avoiding needle drugs
What are some
Liver failure and liver cancer.
Symptoms may reoccur throughout
life.
How can it be
Complications?
Virus or bacteria?
Virus or Bacteria
Abstinence, monogamous
relationships, avoiding needle drugs
Virus or Bacteria
Abstinence, monogamous
relationships, avoiding needle
drugs
Increased risk of cervical and
genital cancer.
Virus or Bacteria
HIV/AIDS
Scoot and Scan
Where were the first cases of HIV/Aids found in the United States?
San Francisco and New York
How many people are estimated to die from HIV/AIDS-related illness a year?
There are about 3 million people a year that die from AIDS related illness.
What does HIV and AIDS stand for? What does HIV attack? Explain your answer.
HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, AIDS stands for Acquired immune
deficiency syndrome. HIV destroys a type of defense cell in the body called a CD4 helper
lymphocyte. These lymphocytes are part of the body's immune system, the defense system that
fights infections. When HIV destroys these lymphocytes, the immune system becomes weak and
people can get serious infections that they normally wouldn't.
Describe five ways HIV is spread.
Having sexual contact with infected person, sharing needles or other inject able equipment
with an infected person. Having contact with blood or other body fluids, semen, vaginal
secretions, mucus membrane and broken skin of infected person can lead to the spread of
HIV. Being born to a mother who is infected with HIV can lead to the child being infected.
Having multiple sex partners and using drugs that require needles are common ways HIV is
spread.
Describe six ways HIV is not spread. (Myths)
Closed mouth kissing, hugging, touching or holding hands, coughing, sneezing, sharing
eating utensils, sharing bathrooms or water fountains, being bitten by insects, swimming in the
same pool.
How can HIV be prevented?
HIV can be prevented by not having oral, vaginal, or anal sex (abstinence), always using latex
condoms for all types of sexual intercourse, avoiding contact with the bodily fluids through
which HIV is transmitted and never sharing needles.
Describe some HIV tests. What are the names, how do they work?
- EIA or ELISA: these are the two most common types of tests. The tests check the blood for
HIV antibodies. If the screening comes back positive for HIV antibodies the next step is
the Western Blot.
- Western Blot:
Other tests are the rapid test and there some at home tests that can be used which are over the
counter.
What do the tests do? What are they looking for?
Most HIV tests look for the antibodies not the virus itself. When someone has HIV, the body's
immune system makes antibodies to fight the virus. Unlike the antibodies our immune systems
make that successfully fight off other infections, the antibodies to HIV cannot stop the virus. But
their presence in great numbers is what appears in test results. The antibodies can take anywhere
from 2 weeks to 6 months to appear in detectable quantities. So when someone has an HIV test,
it may not show an infection that could have occurred in the last 6 months.
Describe treatments that are used by a person who has HIV/AIDS?
Some treatments are combinations of antiviral drugs that help boost the immune system. These
drugs will help prolong life but there is no cure for HIV. Researchers are working on a vaccine
to prevent HIV.