Download Review Guide Chapter 14

Name__________________________________Date: ___________________ Period: _____ Seat:
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Review Guide Chapter 14
Part A) TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS: pg. 363 (# 1-10; 11, 13, 14, 26, 29);
pg. 365 (#1-3).
What do I need to know: know how to do Punnett Square problems! Know how to read/interpret pedigrees (all
types) and karyotypes. Know all genetic diseases that were discussed in class!
Part B) Please answer the following questions on this handout.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
What is the difference between autosomes and sex chromosomes?
What is a “homologous pair”?
What 3 things can a karyotype tell you?
How many autosomes are in a normal diploid human cell?______ How many sex chromosomes?___
How many autosomes are in a normal gamete?_ __ How many sex chromosomes? ____
Define nondisjunction.
List three disorders that can result from nondisjunction.
Two parents are carriers for Tay-Sachs.
a. What are the genotypes of the parents?
b. What is the chance of having a baby with the disorder?
c. Why don’t the parents suffer from Tay-Sachs disease?
9. Cystic Fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder. Describe how a person might inherit this disorder.
10. Why are sex linked genes called “sex-linked genes”?
11. Explain how a Karyotype is created.
12. Explain why a father determine the sex of a child?
13. Explain why are X-linked traits more likely to be expressed in males than in females?
14.
a) If a person has Turners Syndrome, are they male or female? (explain)
15. PKU is an autosomal recessive disorder which leads to mental retardation. If it is diagnosed early the patient can be put on a special diet
lacking the amino acid phenylalanine and the brain will develop normally. A couple has a baby that has been diagnosed with PKU.
What are the parent’s genotypes? What is the probability that their next baby will have PKU? (show your work---P = healthy; p= have
PKU)
16. An X-linked recessive gene (Xc) produces red-green colorblindness in humans.
A normal woman whose father was colorblind marries a colorblind man. What percentage of their
children will be colorblind? (show your work—punnett square).
17. Figure C-1 is a pedigree for Achondroplasia (dwarfism) (D= dominant; d= recessive), an autosomal dominant disorder. Answer the
following questions about the pedigree.
a.
b.
Identify each individual’s genotype in the pedigree.
Discuss all possible outcomes if male III 6 were to marry a normal woman or a woman with achondroplasia (Dd). What is the
likelihood that their children will have this disorder? What is the likelihood that their children will be normal? (2 punnett squares)
18. Analyze the karyotypes on the previous page
a) Which karyotype is a girl?___________________ how do you know?________________
b) Which karyotype is a boy? ____________________ how do you know? _________________
Analyze the karyotypes above.
c) Which karyotype shows evidence that the individual has Klinefelter’s syndrome? _____How do you know?
d) Which karyotype shows evidence that the individual has Turner’s syndrome?______How do you know?
Genetic Disorder
Turner’s Syndrome
Characteristics
Sickle Cell Anemia
Klinefelter’s Syndrome
Tay-sachs
Cystic Fibrosis
Hemophilia
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
Huntington Disease
Down Syndrome
*Know the chromosomal disoders: Down’s Syndrome, Turner’s Syndrome, Klinefelter’s Syndrome, and Triple X Syndrome
21. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder among Caucasians. A young woman has a brother who has cystic fibrosis. The woman
visits a genetic counselor to find out whether she carries the gene for cystic fibrosis. Before performing any tests, what can the counselor initially
tell her about the probability that she carries the gene? (Do the cross…………you need to know the genotypes of her parents)
22. Huntington’s Disease is autosomal dominant disorder (H). A man who is heterozygous for HD and a woman who is homozygous recessive
decide to have children. What is the likelihood that the children have HD? (show your work)