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Federalism Study Guide: pp. 67-84 COMPARE AND CONTRAST Confederation and Unitary systems National powers, concurrent powers, and state powers Enumerated, Implied, and Denied powers Supremacy Clause and Reserve (police) powers Dual federalism and Cooperative federalism Layer cake and Marble cake federalism Categorical and Block grants The expansion and contraction of federal powers under Supreme Court rulings ESSAY AND SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 1) Why did the Framers choose a federated system? (Remember to define federalism.) 2) Discuss the nature and ramifications of the supremacy clause to relations between the states and the national government. 3) Explain the doctrine of implied powers. 4) What is the role of the states in our federal system? How is it dealt with in the Constitution? Is the question of states’ rights settled now or is it ongoing? 5) Discuss the significance of the elastic clause and the commerce clause in the growth of federal power. 6) Explain the distribution of power in the federal system. 7) Discuss how McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden contributed to the development of federalism. Be sure to include the facts and ruling in each case. 8) Explain the uses of preemption and unfunded mandates. How have these methods been used to alter the nature of federalism, and what is their current status? 9) How does federalism promote the public good? 10) What are the inherent strengths of a federal system in addressing national emergencies? What are the weaknesses? VOCABULARY: Expressed Powers Implied Powers Inherent Powers Necessary and Proper Clause/Elastic Clause Supremacy Clause Reserved Powers Concurrent Powers Police Powers Revenue Sharing Grants-in-aid Categorical Grants Block Grants Federal Mandates Full Faith and Credit Clause Civil Law Criminal Law Extradition Interstate Compacts Unitary Government Federal Government Confederal Government McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) Dual Federalism Cooperative Federalism Layer Cake Federalism Marble Cake Federalism Federal Preemption 10th Amendment