Download Chapter 25: The Church

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Unit 8: The Late Middle Ages
Chapter 24 Notes
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24 Assessment
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Chapter 25 Notes
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25 Assessment
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Chapter 26 Notes
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26 Assessment
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Chapter 27 Notes
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27 Assessment
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Unit Packet Grade ________________________ (800)
Chapter 24: Feudal Society
Chapter Focus

After the fall of Rome, __________________ developed in Western Europe.

Lords & Vassals became ______________________.

The concept of the __________________ emerged.

Life consisted of people living on the __________________.
Directions: Turn to page 367 and define the terms and complete the paragraph below.
1. Feudalism
2. Clergy
3. Vassal
4. knight
5. castles
6. Codes of Chivalry
7. tournaments
8. Manors
After ______________ attacks, the people of western Europe wanted __________
and _________________. Western Europe, however, had no ____________ government
to keep the peace. Real power had passed from kings to ____________________. To
protect their property, the nobles raised their own armies. They also developed the
concept of ___________________________, or government by landowning nobles.
Under feudalism, the people of western Europe were divided into groups. One
group was the _______________. Their duty was to teach ___________________ and
help the poor and sick. A second group was the ________________. Their duty was to
govern, enforce laws, and protect the people. The third group included peasants (serfs)
and townspeople. Their duty was to support the clergy and nobles by ______________
the land and providing services.
Chapter Facts
1. ____________________ tied land ownership to military service when he gave
soldiers fiefs (land).
2. Following Charlemagne’s rule, _______________ began to depend on nobles for
food, horses, & soldiers.
3. Some ________ grew more powerful than the king and began to collect their own
taxes, run their own courts, raise their own armies, and coin their own money.
4. The nobles agreed to _______________ people from Viking attacks in exchange
for land & labor.
5. By 1000CE, the kingdoms of ________________________ were divided into
thousands of feudal territories.
6. Lord’s gave their vassals_____________ in return for loyalty & military service.
7. By the 1100s, nobles began living in stone _______________.
8. Young nobles spent 8-9 years of training to become ___________________.
9. Knights followed rules of behavior known as the _________________________.
10. Knights trained for war by fighting in jousting __________________________.
11. Most people lived on land divided into ___________________ owned by nobles
and worked by peasants.
12. The manor had two groups of peasants: _______________ & ______________.
13. The most powerful institution in the late middle Ages was the ______________.
14. All people felt they needed the church to achieve salvation, and all were fearful of
being ______________________________.
24 Assessment
1.
After the fall of Rome, ________________________ developed in Western Europe.
A) capitalism
B) feudalism
C) communism
D) agriculture
2.
Following Charlemagne’s rule, kings began to depend on nobles for
A) food
B) horses
C) soldiers
D) all the above
3.
Some nobles grew more powerful than the ______ and began to collect their own taxes, run their
own courts, raise their own armies, and coin their own money.
A) church
B) vassals
C) kings
D) knights
4.
The nobles agreed to protect people from _____________ attacks in exchange for land & labor.
A) Viking
B) Roman
C) Greek
D) Persian
5.
By 1000CE, the kingdoms of Western Europe were divided into thousands of
_____________________territories.
A) feudal
B) jousting
C) clergy
D) fief
6.
Lord’s gave their vassals land in return for _______ & _______ service.
A) loyalty, military
B) food, protection
C) farming, land
D) jousting, building
7.
By the 1100s, nobles began living in stone _______________.
A) wooden huts
B) tents
C) castles
D) sun dried brick homes
8.
Young nobles spent 8-9 years of training to become ______________.
A) Clergy
B) Knights
C) Nobles
D) Vassals
9.
Knights followed rules of behavior known as the _____________________.
A) Ordeal
B) Justinian Code
C) Code of Chivalry
D) Twelve Tables
10. Knights trained for war by fighting in __________________.
A) jousting tournaments
B) wars
C) gladiator events
D) the Circus Maximus
11. Most people lived on land divided into ______________ owned by nobles and worked by
peasants.
A) castles
B) farms
C) plantations
D) manors
12. The manor had two groups of peasants: _____________ & ____________.
A) Fiefs/clergy
B) Knights/vassals
C) Freemen/serfs
D) Nobles/kings
13. The most powerful institution in the late middle Ages was the _______________.
A) King
B) Noble
C) Church
D) Kinght
14. All people felt they needed the church to achieve ____________________, and all were fearful of
being excommunicated.
A) Nirvana
B) Salvation
C) Eternal life
D) Reincarnation
Chapter 25: The Church
Directions: Turn to page 381 and define the terms and complete the paragraph below.
1. mass
2. cannon laws
3. excommunicated
4. tithes
5. friars
6. cathedrals
7. chancellor
8. crusades
9. troubadours
Leaders of the _____________________ Catholic Church wanted to develop a
civilization in western Europe that was based on Christian ideals. By 1000,
missionary _______________ had brought the church’s teachings to most of Europe.
They converted people and built new churches and monasteries. _____________ and
_____________ carried on their work. The roman Catholic Church united western
Europeans and took the lead in ____________________, __________, __________,
and learning for hundreds of years.
The Church also helped to preserve and pass on the heritage of the Roman
Empire. ______________ was made the official language of the church. Monks
occupied ancient _____________ and ___________________ manuscripts.
Chapter Facts
1. The __________________________________ was the center of life in Europe
during the Middle Ages.
2. Increased wealth led many members of the ________________ to grow careless
about their religious duties.
3. Around 1000, the ____________________ began working to reform the church
by giving attention to Christian ideals.
4. In 1075, ____________________________ issued a document stating that the
Pope was above all kings and feudal lords and had the greatest power.
5. By the 1200s, ______________________, which developed from cathedral
schools, had spread all through Europe.
6. During the Middle Ages, such scholars as __________________________ tried
to bring faith and reason together.
7. In 1071, the _______________________ conquered Jerusalem and took control
of the Christian shrines there.
8. In 1095, Pope _____________________ agrees to help the Byzantines against the
Turks and calls on the Christians of western Europe to join a crusade.
9. In 1097, the first crusade is fought between the ________________ &
________________. The Christians were successful at recapturing Jerusalem.
10. In the mid 1100s, the Muslim set out on a 2nd ____________________ and
recaptured Jerusalem again.
11. About a decade later, ___________________________ of England led a Christian
Crusade against the Muslim leader Saladin. Neither side could gain victory so a
truce was signed and both the Muslims and Christians shared Jerusalem.
12. In 1202, a 4th Crusade was fought in which the Christians did not seek control of
Jerusalem, but rather attacked and looted ____________________________.
13. By 1291, the Muslims had regained control of Constantinople and rebuilt the city.
The name of the city was later changed to _________________________.
14. The Crusades had the following affects on Europe:
A) _______________________________________________________________
B) _______________________________________________________________
C) _______________________________________________________________
D) _______________________________________________________________
25 Assessment
1.
Who was the most powerful institution during the Feudal Period?
E) Church
F) King
G) Noble
H) Knights
2.
Why did kings, nobles, knights, & serfs all respect the Church?
A) the gods would punish all sinners
B) priests were the heads of the manors
C) the church was the only institution that could promise salvation
D) all of the above
3.
Who was the most powerful person during the Feudal period?
E) Charlemagne
F) the Pope
G) the King
H) Constantine
4.
Which group of Muslim Turks first invade Palestine?
A) Seljuks
B) Ottomans
C) Hindus
D) Shiite
5.
What was the name of the four Holy Wars fought during the Medieval period?
E) Jihads
F) Crusades
G) Punic
H) Peloponnesian
6.
What two religious groups fought in the Crusades
A) Hindus & Buddhists
B) Muslims & Christians
C) Hindus & Muslims
D) Hindus & Christians
7.
The Crusades helped bring about an to Feudalism.
E) True
F) False
8.
Jews, Christians, & Muslims all have holy ties to the city of
A) Mecca
B) Medina
C) Mesopotamia
D) Jerusalem
9.
In 1075, Pope ______________________ issued a document stating that the Pope was above all
kings and feudal lords and had the greatest power.
A) Gregory VII
B) Urban II
C) Benedict
D) Saladin
10. During the Middle Ages, which Christian scholar tried to bring faith & reason together?
A) Da Vinci
B) Thomas Acquinas
C) Jesus
D) Mohammed
11. Which Pope was responsible for launching the 1st Crusade?
A) Gregory VII
B) Urban II
C) Benedict
D) Saladin
12. Who lead the Christians in the 3rd Crusade?
A) Saladin
B) Urban II
C) Richard the Lionhearted
D) Jesus
13. The Crusades had the following affects on Europe EXCEPT
E) Unification of the Roman Catholic Church
F) helped break down the system of feudalism
G) encouraged the growth of trade & towns in western Europe
H) weakened the power of the church
Chapter 26: Rise of Towns and Cities
Chapter Focus
 The _________________________ caused many cultures to mix (cultural
diffusion) and this lead to a rise in towns during the Middle Ages.

In these towns ________________________ developed and became an important
part of European life.

_____________ (organization of workers) developed to protect workers in towns.

Living conditions in ________________ towns was crowded. House were built
on top of each other, sanitation was poor, and rats were everywhere.

These rats caused a plague that wiped out half of Europe’s population in the
1300s. This was the _______________________ or ______________________.
Chapter Facts
1. After the Crusades two major cities developed in western Europe: ________________
and __________________.
2. These cities developed a very successful __________________ system.
3. By the 1100s, Italian navies had driven the Muslims from the _____________________.
4. ______________________________ became the earliest Atlantic trading center.
5. By 1300, the ______________________ had developed an international industry by
importing wool from England, turning it into cloth, and then shipping the finished product
back to England.
6. Many merchants traveled to these European cities and settle into towns called ___________________.
7. Artisans and rich merchants called __________________ controlled the business and
trade of towns.
8. ____________ and _____________ officials feared the growing merchant population.
9. Nobles feared they would lose their wealth to the __________________________.
10. Church officials felt the merchants would interfere with their __________________.
11. By the 1100s towns began to separate themselves from ______________________
laws and become independent states.
13. __________________ began to organize these towns. They set wages, prices,
and working conditions. They helped members who were sick or out of work.
14. As townspeople grew richer and more powerful, they began looking to the
_________________ again to protect their trade and their towns.
15. The growth of ____________________ ended the power of feudalism and the
church, and re-strengthened the power of the Kings.
26 Assessment
1.
After the Crusades which major city(ies) developed in western Europe.
A) Flanders
B) Venice
C) Rome
D) Both A & B
2.
These cities developed a very successful _________________ system.
A) banking
B) government
C) trading
D) all the above
3.
Which European power took power, in the Mediterranean, away from the Muslims?
A) England
B) Carthage
C) Italy
D) Greece
4.
Which European city became the earliest Atlantic trading center?
A) Italy
B) Flanders
C) Venice
D) Rome
5.
Many merchants traveled to these European cities and settle into towns called
____________________.
A) burgs
B) suburbs
C) guilds
D) manors
6.
Artisans and rich merchants called _____________ controlled the business and trade of towns.
A) burghers
B) suburbans
C) guildians
D) manorialism
7.
To whom did the nobles fear losing their power?
A) Kings
B) Bishops
C) Vassals
D) Merchants
8.
In the 1100s, many new towns emerged. In these towns, who became responsible for
organization, and setting wages, prices, and working conditions?
A) burgs
B) suburbs
C) guilds
D) manors
9.
As a result of towns gradually replacing manors as the way of life, who began gaining more power
as the people looked to them for direction.
A) Kings
B) Bishops
C) Vassals
D) Popes
10. The growth of towns permanently ended the way of life known as ___________.
A) feudalism
B) capitalism
C) caste system
D) Hinduism
Chapter 27: Rise of Monarchies
Chapter Focus
 _________ and ________________ began to assume control in western Europe.

A 116 year war was fought between ________________ & ________________.

The Holy Roman Empire paved the way for the development of ____________.

The country of _____________________ was united by Catholic monarchs.
Chapter Facts
1. The rise of _______________________ in western Europe in the late Middle
Ages led to the rise of strong monarchies (dynasties) and the birth of countries.
2. The first of these dynasties began in 987 in _____________. This dynasty was
the Capetian.
3. The Capetian kings strengthened the French monarchy by granting town charters,
wetting up a national court and currency, a tax system, and the Estates-General.
4. In 1066, ______________________________ (of Normandy) drove the AngloSaxon English from power by defeating them at the Battle of Hastings and united
the English under the power of a monarch.
5. In 1154, ________ became King of England. He united England under Common
Law and created a court system to enforce these laws throughout the country.
6. Even though _______________________ did not apply to Henry II, his grand
jury and trial jury system of justice became the basis for western law today.
7. By 1215, English nobles grew tired of the King ignoring English law. They
threatened to revolt, but instead, King John signed the ___________________
establishing that everyone is subject to the law…even the king.
8. In 1272, Edward I set up the _____________________ as a voice of the people
and an advisory board to the king.
9. Parliament became the first representative body in western Europe and would
become the basis for the formation of the United States __________________.
10. In 1337, England attempted to take control of the French monarchy and war
ensued. This war lasted for over 100 years and became known as the
__________________________________.
11. The French hero, _________________________, became known for driving the
English form Orleans. She was 16 at the time.
12. In 962, ____________________ was crowned Holy Roman Emperor and
expanded the power of Germany.
13. In the early 1200s, Germany, under the leadership of Frederick II, began
conquering territories in Italy. The Church, fearful of his growing power
excommunicated him, thus making ____________________ an independent
country free from control of the Church.
14. Spain was mainly under control of the Holy Roman Empire until 1492 when
_______________________________________________ united Spain under a
Catholic monarchy, and attempted to drive all other religions away through a
court system known as the Inquisition.
27 Assessment
1.
Who conquered the Germanic tribes in England and made it a unified country?
e. William the Conqueror
f. King John
g. Joan of Arc
h. George Bush
2.
In 1215, nobles forced King John to sign the _____________ limiting the king’s judicial & taxing
powers.
a. Declaration of Independence
b. Constitution
c. Bill of Rights
d. Magna Carta
3.
Which French monarch united France?
e. Hastings
f. Waldorfs
g. Capetain
h. Parliament
4.
What body of English government is most similar to the US Congress?
a. the monarch
b. Parliament
c. The Supreme Court
d. The Prime Minister
5.
What two country’s fought in the 100 Years’ War?
e. US & Russia
f. China & India
g. England & France
h. Rome & Carthage
6.
Who was the French hero of the 100 Years’ War?
a. El Capetain
b. Joan of Arc
c. Louis XIV
d. Napoleon Bonaparte
7.
Anglo-Saxon England was conquered in 1066 by
a. Charlemagne
b. Attila the Hun
c. Charles Martel
d. Duke William of Normandy
8. A monarchy is a government led by
A) a king or Queen
B) an Emperor
C) a President
D) legislative body
9. Why did the power of the Monarchs increase around the 1100s?
A) Many nobles died during the Crusades, decreasing opposition to the kings
B) The revival of towns and trade
C) Townspeople supported monarchs who could promote & protect trade
D) All of the above
10. Why did the power of the Monarchs increase around the 1100s?
A) The king used tax revenue to pay for a permanent army
B) The invention of gunpowder allowed the king to put down rebellious nobles
C) The Protestant Reformation weakened Church authority
D) All of the above
11. Who invaded England in 1066 and established a monarchy?
A) Charlemagne
B) Joan of Arc
C) Duke William of Normandy
D) Martin Luther
12. How did Duke William unite the English manors?
A) create royal courts
B) control foreign affairs
C) enforce laws
D) all of the above
13. The Magna Cart of 1215 was very significant because
A) it forced the King to abide by the same laws as his people
B) created a legislative body of the people
C) developed a system of justice based on courts
D) all of the above
14. England’s representative body is called
A) Congress
B) Parliament
C) fiefs
D) the 95 Thesis
15. The Hundred Years’ War was fought between ______ & _______ over the right to the French throne.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Spain, Portugal
Germany, Italy
England, France
Christians, Muslims
16. Who was the person that inspired the French in their fight against the English?
E)
F)
G)
H)
Charlemagne
Joan of Arc
Duke William of Normandy
Martin Luther
17. Who united Spain under a Catholic Monarchy?
A) King Ferdinand
B) Queen Isabella
C) Otto I
D) Both A & B