Download SBI4U Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis Review
SBI4U
Fill in the blanks
1. Energy is needed to support life. In order to survive, organisms need to be able to convert energy into usable
forms and use it to power the ____________________ chemical processes of life. Through photosynthesis,
organisms known as ____________________, such as green plants, transform light energy into
____________________ potential energy in molecules such as ____________________ and other
carbohydrates. This ability to make their own food makes them ____________________ for their energy
needs. Most organisms are ____________________ which rely on the consumption of the organisms
mentioned above in order to survive.
2. Although oxygen is usually the electron acceptor in most organisms, this is not always the case. Some
microorganisms use _________________________, _________________________, or
_________________________ as the final electron acceptor. These organisms cannot live in the presence of
oxygen and are known as _________________________. This is very different from most animals, plants,
protists, fungi, and bacteria which are classified as _________________________. There are some organisms
that can live in either aerobic or anaerobic conditions. These organisms are called
_________________________. All of these modes of survival have the end result of releasing
_________________________ energy from the food an organism consumes to allow it to survive.
3. The equation C6H12O6(aq) + 6 O2(g)  6 CO2(g) + 6 H2O(l) + energy via heat and ATP represents the process of
aerobic cellular respiration. The term aerobic means that ____________________ is used in the process. This
is a series of about 20 biochemical reactions each catalyzed by a specific ____________________. The
process is an example of a(n) ____________________ reaction and uses oxygen as the
____________________ agent. Overall, the process as depicted in the above equation is a(n)
____________________ process as it releases energy. Nutrients such as glucose are oxidized in one of two
ways. In one of these processes, hydrogen atoms and their ____________________ are lost from glucose and
combine with oxygen to form ____________________. Overall, the aerobic oxidation of glucose involves the
movement of ____________________ electrons from a(n) ____________________ free energy state to a(n)
____________________ free energy state in ____________________ and water. The overall change results
in a decrease in potential energy and a(n) ____________________ in entropy.
4. Energy transfer in a cell occurs largely through phosphorylating events. The two distinctly different energytransfer mechanisms in cells are called (1) ______________________________ and (2)
______________________________. In (1), the ATP is formed directly in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction.
____________________ ATP molecules are formed this way in glycolysis and another
____________________ ATP in the Krebs cycle. In (2), ATP is formed indirectly. This process involves
many ____________________ reactions with ____________________ being the final electron acceptor. It is
a more complex process than (1) and yields more ATP/glucose. The process mentioned in (2) begins when (3)
____________________ removes two hydrogen atoms from a portion of the original glucose molecule. This
will reduce (3) to (4) ____________________. This is catalyzed by a
___________________________________ enzyme. This reactions occurs ____________________ in
glycolysis and ____________________ times in the Krebs cycle. The molecule mentioned in (4) and its
cousin, FADH2 eventually convert their energy into ATP via ___________________________________.
5. The process of glycolysis occurs in the ____________________ and begins with a molecule of
____________________. Glycolysis is a(n) ____________________ process, as it does not require oxygen.
Glycolysis is a ten step process the highlights of which involve ____________________ molecules of ATP
being used to "prime" the beginning portion of the pathway. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is split into
____________________ carbon units. Each of these units reacts in the same way and
____________________ NADH are produced in total. ATP production involves a total of
____________________ molecules from substrate level phosphorylation for a net production from glycolysis
of ____________________ ATP.
6. Mitochondria are round or sausage-shaped organelles that are found throughout the cytoplasm of a cell and
specialize the production of ____________________. This process cannot occur in the absence of
____________________. There are three stages of aerobic cellular respiration that take place within
mitochondria: ____________________ oxidation, the ____________________ cycle, and
____________________ phosphorylation. Only ____________________ cells have mitochondria.
____________________ cells only carry out cellular respiration in their cytoplasm. Mitochondria have a
double membrane; the inner one being highly convoluted, the folds of which are called
____________________. The inner membrane has many proteins and enzymes attached to its inner surface.
The inner membrane also creates two compartments within the mitochondrion. The ____________________
is the inner most space and the ______________________________ lies between the two membranes.
7. There are a number of substances that the cell can use for energy in addition to carbohydrates. Proteins can be
hydrolyzed to (1) ____________________ and then have the nitrogen group removed in a process called
____________________. Depending on the type of molecule in the (1) they will feed into either the end of
glycolysis as ____________________ or feed into the ____________________. Lipids and fats are broken
down into (2) ____________________. The -oxidation of the molecules in (2) ultimately produces
____________________, which then enters at the beginning of ____________________ whose ultimate
metabolic waste products are ______________________________ and ______________________________.
8. NAD+ is a limiting factor in glycolysis. In the absence of ____________________ the conversion of (1)
____________________ to NAD+ via the ______________________________ is prevented from happening.
In eukaryotes, the hydrogen atoms of the molecules mentioned in (1) are transferred to certain organic
molecules in one of two methods: (2) ___________________________________ as can occur in yeast and
___________________________________ as can occur in human cells. In the process mentioned in (2), the
hydrogen atoms are passed to ____________________, which is then converted to a molecule of ethanol.
During this a molecule of ____________________ is oxidized to a molecule of ____________________,
which allows glycolysis to continue on.
9. Under normal conditions, humans break down glucose by aerobic respiration. However, there are times, such
as during vigorous exercise, when muscle cells respire glucose faster than oxygen can be supplied. Under
these conditions (1) ____________________ fermentation occurs. In the process mentioned in (1), NADH
produced during (2) ____________________ transfers its hydrogen atoms and associated electrons to (3)
____________________ in the cytoplasm of the cell.This regenerates ____________________ and allows (2)
to continue. This results in the conversion of (3) to (4) ______________________________. The
accumulation of (4) molecules in muscle tissues causes stiffness, soreness and fatigue. (4) is transported
through the bloodstream from muscle cells to the liver. When the exercising is stopped, (4) is oxidized back to
(3), which then goes through the ____________________ cycle and
________________________________________. The extra ____________________ needed to convert (4)
to carbon dioxide and ____________________ is referred to as ____________________.
10. Photosynthesis is carried out by a number of different organisms, including plants, algae, some protists, and
cyanobacteria. These organisms all contain the green-coloured pigment called (1) ____________________.
This molecule absorbs ____________________ energy and begins the process of photosynthesis. The
molecule mentioned in (1) consists of a ____________________ ring and long ____________________ tail.
This ring contains a ____________________ atom at its centre, surrounded by a ring with
____________________ single and double bonds. The tail of the molecule associates with the
____________________ region of the phospholipid bilayer and helps to ____________________ the
molecule in the membrane.
11. Cyanobacteria, formerly known as ______________________________, make up the largest group of
photosynthesizing ______________________________. Cyanobacteria were probably the first organisms to
use sunlight in the production of ______________________________ compounds from
______________________________ and ______________________________. Being the first to produce
______________________________ on a large scale, they paved the way for
______________________________ life on Earth.Cyanobacteria are closely related to the
______________________________ of higher plants and the ______________________________ theory
gives an explanation as to how this association could have arisen.
12. Photosynthesis takes place within ____________________ in three stages: (a) ____________________ light
energy, (b) synthesizing ____________________ and ____________________ and (c) the
____________________ cycle. Stages (a) and (b) comprise the ____________________ reactions, while
carbon dioxide is fixed into carbohydrates in stage (c), which can also be referred to as the
______________________________ reactions. Overall, the process of photosynthesis can be expressed as:
carbon dioxide + water + light ____________________ + water + oxygen
13. Light is a form of ____________________ that travels in wave packets called ____________________.
____________________, embedded in the ____________________ membranes, absorb light of particular
____________________ and through the light reactions, transfer their energy to form
____________________ and ____________________. The reactions of ____________________ fixation
depend on the light reactions for a supply of energy and reductant. (1) ____________________ is the only
pigment that can transfer the energy of light to the carbon fixation reactions of photosynthesis.
____________________ and the carotenoids act as ____________________ pigments, transferring their
energy to (1).
14. The ____________________ reactions begin when ____________________ strike a photosynthetic
membrane. Chlorophyll emits ____________________ light when its excited electrons return to their
____________________ state. A ____________________ contains chlorophyll molecules,
____________________ pigments, and proteins embedded in a (1) ____________________ membrane. The
____________________ complex of a photosystem is composed of a number of ____________________
molecules and ____________________ pigments set in a ____________________ matrix and embedded in
the (1) membrane. An ____________________ pigment absorbs a ____________________ and transfers the
energy from pigment to pigment until it reaches a ____________________ molecule in an area called the (2)
____________________ centre. A(n) ____________________ of the (2) centre chlorophyll molecule absorbs
the transferred energy and is raised to a ____________________ energy level. A ____________________
reaction transfers the excited electron to the primary electron acceptor. Chloroplast membranes contain
____________________ types of photosystems. Photosystem ____________________ is called P700
because its (3) ____________________ spectrum peaks at a wavelength of 700 nm. The chlorophyll a
molecule in the reaction centre of photosystem ____________________ is called P680 because its (3)
spectrum peaks at a wavelength of 680 nm.
15. In the dark, or light-independent reactions, ____________________ is fixed in the ____________________
cycle by the enzyme ____________________, which is located in the (1) ____________________ of the
chloroplast. The primary end product of this cycle is ___________________________________, which may
be converted into glucose and polymerized into ____________________ within the (1), or it can be
transported to the cytoplasm and used to produce glucose and ____________________, which is the main
carbohydrate transported from ____________________ cells of the leaf to other cells of the plant.
16. Rubisco is an ____________________ that is capable of performing either a carboxylation reaction at the
beginning of the Calvin cycle or an ____________________ reaction as in the process of
____________________, so named because it occurs in the presence of ____________________. When this
process occurs, instead of the usual 2 PGA molecules being formed in the Calvin cycle, one molecule of PGA
is formed and one molecule of (1) ____________________. This molecule (1) undergoes subsequent
metabolism such that it results in the release of a molecule of ____________________. This process is seen
as wasteful since around ____________________% of all carbon fixed is lost. This problem is made worse as
the temperature of the environment in which the plant is in ____________________.
17. Two ways in which plants have evolved to reduce the amount of photorespiration that can occur are the C4
and CAM pathways of photosynthesis. Both of these make use of the enzyme _________________________,
which fixes carbon dioxide into a four carbon molecule. In the case of C4 plants, these molecules are made
during the day in the _________________________ cells of the plant and then transferred to the
_________________________ cells where it is decarboxylated to release _________________________,
which then enters the Calvin cycle. The C4 mode of photosynthesis represents a
_________________________ separation of the main events of photosynthesis. In CAM photosynthesis
carbon dioxide is fixed during the _________________________ and stored as an organic acid in the
_________________________. During the day, when the stomata are _________________________, the
organic acids are decarboxylated and the Calvin cycle continues. The CAM mode of photosynthesis
represents a _________________________ separation of the main events of photosynthesis.
18. On a light-response curve, the point at which the rate of photosynthetic carbon dioxide uptake exactly equals
the rate of respiratory carbon dioxide evolution is called the ______________________________. The light
intensity at which the carbon fixation reactions reach a maximum overall rate is the
______________________________. The carbon dioxide-limited phase of the light-response curve is a
plateau because the carbon dioxide availability, not ______________________________, limits the overall
rate of photosynthesis. An increase in temperature has virtually no effect on the overall rate of photosynthesis
within the ______________________________, but causes marked increase in rate within the
______________________________ phase. In general, photosynthesis rates are lower at
____________________ oxygen concentrations. Photosynthetic efficiency of a plant is the net amount of
______________________________ uptake per unit of light energy absorbed. Plants that fix carbon dioxide
by the C4 pathway generally exhibit higher ______________________________ rates at higher temperatures
than do C3 plants. In general, photorespiration rates ____________________ with increasing temperatures in
C3 plants, whereas loss of carbon dioxide by photorespiration is virtually ____________________ in C4
plants.
19. In comparing the structure and function of the mitochondrion and chloroplast, the following can be noted. The
mitochondrion has an inner membrane called the ____________________. One of the functions of this inner
membrane is ___________________________________. The hydrogen ion reservoir is located in the
______________________________ and ATP is synthesized in the ____________________. In the
chloroplast, electron transport takes place on membranes of the ____________________, and one of its
functions is ________________________________________. The hydrogen ion reservoir is located in the
____________________ and ATP synthesis occurs in the ____________________. In order to facilitate
reproduction, independent of cell division, both of these organelles have _________________________ and
_________________________.
20. In a general, overall comparison of the reactions that occur during cellular respiration and photosynthesis, it
can be said that the main reactant in respiration is ____________________, while in photosynthesis it is
______________________________ and _________________________. In contrast to this, the main
products of cellular respiration are _________________________ and _________________________, while
in photosynthesis the main product is ____________________ with an interesting waste product
____________________ that is very useful to many creatures on Earth. Cellular respiration is a process that
____________________ energy , while photosynthesis ____________________ energy.
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. catalysts
g.
b. free energy
h.
c. chemoautotrophs
i.
d. anaerobic cellular respiration
j.
e. aerobic cellular respiration
k.
f. photoautotrophs
l.
facultative anaerobes
entropy
enzymes
heterotrophs
redox
hydrolysis
____
1. What organisms use light energy to build organic compounds?
____
2. What organisms consume other organisms for chemical energy?
____
3. What organisms build organic compounds without using light?
____
4. What process releases energy from organic compounds using oxygen?
____
5. What lowers the activation energy in cellular reactions?
____
6. What type are most of the reactions that occur in cellular respiration?
____
7. What increases during cellular respiration?
____
8. What decreases during cellular respiration?
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. cell membrane
e.
b. nucleus
f.
c. intermembrane space
g.
d. mitochondrial matrix
h.
____
9. Where does glycolysis occur?
____ 10. Where does the oxidation of pyruvate occur?
chloroplast
cytoplasm
outer mitochondrial membrane
inner mitochondrial membrane
____ 11. Where does the Krebs cycle occur?
____ 12. Where is the electron transport chain located?
____ 13. What membrane does glucose have to cross?
____ 14. Where does the most substrate level phosphorylation occur?
____ 15. Where is most NADH oxidized to NAD+?
____ 16. What membrane do protons cross in the synthesis of ATP?
Match each item with the correct statement below concerning the Krebs cycle.
a. 1
f. 6
b. 2
g. ATP
c. 3
h. GTP
d. 4
i. acetyl-CoA
e. 5
j. pyruvate
____ 17. What molecule, derived from glycolysis, is at the start of the cycle?
____ 18. At how many sites does decarboxylation occur?
____ 19. How many NADH are produced in each turn of the cycle?
____ 20. How many FADH2 are produced in each turn of the cycle?
____ 21. How many substrate level phosphorylation sites are there?
____ 22. What molecule is produced by substrate level phosphorylation?
____ 23. How many carbons are in a molecule of malate at the end of the cycle?
____ 24. How many carbons are in oxaloacetate at the beginning of the cycle?
Match each item with the correct statement below concerning the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
a. increasing electronegativity
f. NADH/FADH2
b. decreasing electronegativity
g. NADH dehydrogenase
c. ATP
h. cytochrome oxidase
d. oxygen
i. protease
e. protons
j. ATP synthase
____ 25. What are the electron donor molecules at the beginning of the chain?
____ 26. In what order are the components of the chain arranged?
____ 27. What moves into the intermembrane space?
____ 28. What accepts the electrons at the end of the chain?
____ 29. What is the first protein complex of the chain?
____ 30. Where do electrons, protons, and oxygen meet to become water?
____ 31. Where do protons re-enter the mitochondrial matrix?
____ 32. What molecule is transported by facilitated diffusion?
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. -oxidation
f.
b. ammonia
g.
c. Krebs cycle
h.
d. carbon dioxide
i.
e. macromolecules
j.
pyruvate
building block molecules
citrate
acetyl-CoA
deaminated
____ 33. Nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, and fats are examples.
____ 34. Nucleotides, amino acids, sugars, and fatty acids are examples.
____ 35. What must be done to amino acids before they are metabolized?
____ 36. Waste product of nucleotide and amino acid metabolism.
____ 37. Waste product of polysaccharide, lipids, and fats.
____ 38. Common entry point to the Krebs cycle for sugars and fatty acids.
____ 39. Fatty acids go through this process before being metabolized further.
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. chlorophyll
f.
b. chloroplasts
g.
c. epidermis layer
h.
d. stroma
i.
e. guard cells
j.
stomata
mesophyll layers
translocation
vascular bundles
transpiration
____ 40. Term used to describe the loss of water vapour from plants.
____ 41. Name of the principle light-absorbing pigment in plants.
____ 42. Most photosynthesis takes place in these tissues.
____ 43. Cells that regulate gas exchange in plants.
____ 44. Tubes through which water and nutrients move in higher plants.
____ 45. Major cellular site of photosynthesis.
____ 46. Name of the opening that regulates gas exchange in plants.
____ 47. Cells found just below the cuticle of a leaf or stem.
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. stroma
e.
b. chloroplast
f.
c. thylakoids
g.
d. grana
h.
light
lamellae
chemical energy
thylakoid membrane
____ 48. Membrane-bound organelle that carries out photosynthesis.
____ 49. Membranous structures found between stacks of thylakoids.
____ 50. Interior of the chloroplast.
____ 51. Energy source for ATP and NADPH synthesis.
____ 52. Potential energy source for carbon fixation.
____ 53. Interconnected system of flattened membranous sacs.
____ 54. Contains light-gathering molecules and electron transport chains.
____ 55. A stack of thylakoids.
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. light reactions
b. carbon fixation
c. C4/CAM photosynthesis
d. photons
e. photosystems
f. Calvin cycle
g. PS II
h. photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)
i. absorption spectrum
j. action spectrum
____ 56. Synthesis of ATP and NADPH.
____ 57. Effectiveness of different wavelengths promoting photosynthesis.
____ 58. Cycle occurring in the stroma.
____ 59. Photosynthetic pigments gathering light energy.
____ 60. Incorporating carbon dioxide into carbohydrates.
____ 61. Effectiveness of different wavelengths being absorbed.
____ 62. Light between 400 and 700 nm that powers photosynthesis.
____ 63. Small packets of electromagnetic radiation.
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. ground state
g.
b. excitation
h.
c. fluorescence
i.
d. primary electron acceptor
j.
e. antenna complex
k.
f. reaction centre
l.
photosystem I
photosystem II
noncyclic electron flow
Z protein
photophosphorylation
cyclic electron flow
____ 64. The release of energy as light as an electron returns to ground state.
____ 65. The absorption of energy by an electron.
____ 66. The lowest possible potential energy level of an electron.
____ 67. Photon-energized electrons move to produce ATP and NADPH.
____ 68. Compound that is reduced by an excited chlorophyll electron.
____ 69. Contains chlorophyll P680.
____ 70. Transmembrane protein of chlorophyll a that absorbs light energy.
____ 71. Contains chlorophyll P700.
____ 72. Web of chlorophyll molecules that transfers energy to a reaction centre.
____ 73. Light-dependent formation of ATP.
____ 74. Photon-energized electrons move to produce only ATP.
____ 75. Protein that helps split water into hydrogen ions, oxygen and electrons.
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. carbon fixation
f.
b. PEP carboxylase
g.
c. light energy
h.
d. reduction reactions
i.
e. NADPH
j.
ATP
RuBP regeneration
3-phosphoglycerate
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
rubisco
____ 76. First phase of the Calvin cycle.
____ 77. Second phase of the Calvin cycle.
____ 78. Third phase of the Calvin cycle.
____ 79. Major carbon fixing enzyme of the Calvin cycle.
____ 80. First product of carbon fixation.
____ 81. Reductant used in the Calvin cycle.
____ 82. Source of energy to regenerate RuBP.
____ 83. Molecule utilized in the synthesis of glucose, starch and sucrose.
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. rubisco
f.
b. PEP carboxylase
g.
c. corn, sugar cane and many grasses
h.
d. maple, pine, geranium
i.
e. C4 plants
j.
bundle sheath cells
mesophyll cells
CAM plants
oxaloacetate
cacti, aloe, and pineapple
____ 84. Enzyme that first fixes carbon dioxide in C4 and CAM plants.
____ 85. Examples of C3 plants.
____ 86. Product of the first carbon fixation reaction in C4 and CAM plants.
____ 87. Examples of CAM plants.
____ 88. Site of the Calvin cycle in C4 and CAM plants.
____ 89. Second enzyme to fix carbon dioxide in C4 and CAM plants.
____ 90. Examples of C4 plants.
____ 91. Stomata are open at night.
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
light compensation point
increases
decreases
carbon dioxide compensation point
CAM (crassulacean acid metabolism)
carbon dioxide limited
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
irradiance
fluctuates
oxygen compensation point
photorespiration
remains steady
light-limited
____ 92. Another name for light intensity.
____ 93. Carbon dioxide uptake in the dark is due to.
____ 94. Point where carbon dioxide uptake equals evolution.
____ 95. As light intensity increases and photosynthesis plateaus it becomes...
____ 96. As ambient oxygen concentration increases, photosynthesis...
____ 97. The quantum yield of a typical C4 plant...
____ 98. When photosynthesis increases with light intensity it is said to be...
____ 99. As ambient oxygen concentration increases, photorespiration...
SBI4U Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
Answer Section
COMPLETION
1. endergonic
photoautotrophs
chemical
glucose
self-sufficient
heterotrophs
2. accept any one of NO2, SO4, CO2, Fe3+
accept any one of NO2, SO4, CO2, Fe3+
accept any one of NO2, SO4, CO2, Fe3+
obligate anaerobes
obligate aerobes
facultative anaerobes
free
3. oxygen
enzyme
redox
oxidizing
exergonic
electrons
water
valence
higher
lower
carbon dioxide
increase
4. substrate level phosphorylation
oxidative phosphorylation
4
2
redox
oxygen
NAD+
NADH
dehydrogenase
once
3
the electron transport chain
5. cytoplasm
glucose
anaerobic
2
two 3
2
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
4
2
ATP
oxygen
pyruvate
Krebs
oxidative
eukaryotic
Prokaryotic
cristae
matrix
intermembrane space
amino acids
deamination
pyruvate
the Krebs cycle
fatty acids
acetyl-CoA
Krebs cycle
water/carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide/water
oxygen
NADH
electron transport chain
ethanol fermentation
lactate (lactic acid) fermentation
acetaldehyde
NADH
NAD+
lactate (lactic acid)
glycolysis
pyruvate
NAD+
lactate (lactic acid)
Krebs
oxidative phosphorylation
oxygen
water
oxygen debt
chlorophyll
light
porphyrin
hydrocarbon
magnesium
alternating
hydrophobic
anchor/stabilize
blue-green algae
prokaryotes
organic
12.
13.
14.
15.
water/carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide/water
oxygen
heterotrophic
chloroplasts
endosymbiotic
chloroplasts
capturing
ATP/NADPH
NADPH/ATP
Calvin
light
dark or light-independent
glucose
energy
photons
Photosystems
thylakoid
wavelengths
ATP/NADPH
NADPH/ATP
carbon
chlorophyll a
chlorophyll b
accessory
light
photons
red
ground
photosystem
accessory
thylakoid
antenna
chlorophyll
accessory
protein
antenna
photon
chlorophyll a
reaction
electron
higher
redox
two
I
absorption
II
carbon dioxide
Calvin
rubisco
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
stroma
G3P (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)
starch
sucrose
mesophyll
enzyme
oxidation
photorespiration
light
glycolate
carbon dioxide
20
increases
PEP carboxylase
mesophyll
bundle sheath
carbon dioxide
spatial
night
vacuole
closed
temporal
light-compensation point
light-saturation point
light intensity
light-limited phase
carbon dioxide-limited
higher
carbon dioxide
photosynthetic
increase
zero/nil
cristae (pl.), crista (s.)
electron transport / H+ ion transport / ATP synthesis
intermembrane space
matrix
thylakoid(s)
electron transport / H+ ion transport / ATP synthesis
thylakoid interior
stroma
DNA / ribosomes
ribosomes / DNA
glucose
carbon dioxide/water
water/carbon dioxide
carbon dioxide/water
water/carbon dioxide
glucose
oxygen
releases
stores
MATCHING
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
F
J
C
E
I
K
H
B
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
F
D
D
H
A
F
H
H
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
I
B
C
A
A
H
D
D
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
F
A
E
D
G
H
J
E
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
E
G
J
B
D
I
A
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
J
A
G
E
I
B
F
C
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
B
F
A
E
G
C
H
D
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
A
J
F
E
B
I
H
D
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
C
B
A
I
D
H
F
G
E
K
L
J
76.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
A
D
G
J
H
E
82. F
83. I
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
B
D
I
J
F
A
C
H
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
G
E
A
F
C
K
L
B