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The Atom (Chapter 4 and 5) Learning Targets At this point in time, I could… Link to Textbook NOT partially …answer the question! 1. Identify and discuss developments in atomic theory a) Describe the significance of models in science. Why do scientists use models and why do the models change through time? b) How has the model of the atom changed through time? Will it continue to change? (Thomson, Rutherford, c) What is the Bohr model of the atom? What are the advantages and limitations of this model? d) What is the modern (aka electron cloud or quantum mechanical) model of the atom? What are the advantages and limitations of this model? e) Use components of the modern model of the atom to describe the position of electrons in the atom. Components include Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle Four quantum numbers (principle / energy level, orbital/sublevel, orientation, spin) Aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, Hund’s rule Read Section 4.1 pp 101-103 Section 5.1 pp 127-129 Read Section 5.1 pp 130-132 Section 5.2 pp 133-136 Read Section 5.1 pp 130-132 Section 5.2 pp 133-136 Do Practice Problems 8,9 2. Differentiate among major subatomic particles a) How big is an atom? Can we see individual atoms? Read p 103, 109 b) What are the three major subatomic particles? What is the relative charge and mass of each? Where are they located in the atom? Read Section 4.2 pp 104-108 Section 4.3 pp 110-112 c) Given two or more of the following values, how can you determine the others: atomic number, mass number, number of protons, number of neutrons, number of electrons Do Practice Problems # 15, 16, 17, 18 d) Draw a simple Bohr model of an atom of element # 1-20. e) Determine the electron configurations of the elements or identify elements by their electron configuration Be comfortable with multiple notations: ‘long’, ‘short’ (with noble gas), ‘fill-in-the-box’ format. Section 5.1 pp 130-132 Section 5.2 pp 133-136 Do Practice Problems 8,9 3. Describe isotopes. a) What is an isotope? b) Why isn’t atomic mass a whole #? c) Calculate the average atomic mass of a mixture of isotopes of an element (given mass and relative abundance of each isotope) d) What evidence led scientists to include the idea of isotopes in their understanding of the atom? Section 4.3 pp 110-117 Do Practice Problems # 19,20,21,22,23,24 Lab – Bean Bag Isotopes completely & accurately 4. Describe the relationship between electromagnetic radiation and an electron a) What is the sequence of different types of electromagnetic radiation (infrared, ROYGBIV, ultraviolet)? b) How do the electrons in atoms produce characteristic flame test colors and spectra? Use photon in your response c) What is the relationship between wavelength and energy? d) Given Plank’s constant, the speed of light, and the wavelength of light given off by a particular element, determine the difference in energy between the ground and excited state. ( ∆ E = hc/wavelength) e) What is the difference between continuous and bright line emission spectra? f) Explain how flame tests and spectra provide evidence for the modern model of the atom. Date of Self-Assessments Read Section 5.3 pp 138-145 Lab: Flame Tests Lab: Atomic Spectra Check 1: __________ Check 2: __________ Check 3: _________ Check 4: _________