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Test Review Sheet: Evolution and Ecology
1. What will happen to a favorable trait in a population?
2. How does competition affect natural selection?
3. How does variation affect natural selection?
4. How does overproduction affect natural selection?
5. What would cause similar animals to have different adaptations?
6. What is a species?
7. How are some insects resistant to pesticides and others are not?
8. What will happen if a small population of species becomes isolated from the larger population? What is
this called?
9. What is fitness?
10. What is an adaptation?
11. What is adaptive radiation?
12. What does it mean if two animals have similar DNA sequences?
13. What does the picture below have to do with evolution? What are these structures examples of?
14. What can you conclude about fossils in the picture below?
15. How can similar organisms in similar environments be found on different continents?
16. How are genes and evolution related?
17. What is the relationship between an isolated population and genetics? A good example is the Amish.
18. Is it good or bad to have small gene pool? Why?
19. What does an animal laying so many eggs or producing so many offspring have to do with natural
selection?.
20. What is convergent evolution? Give an example.
21. What is speciation? What must happen in order for speciation to occur?
22. What is genetic drift? Give an example.
23. What is the difference between geographically isolated and reproductively isolated?
24. What are analogous structures? Give an example.
25. What are vestigial structures? Give an example.
26. What do fossils have to do with evolution?
27. What is the difference between ordinary extinction and mass extinction? Give an example of each.
28. What is a mutation? How can a mutation affect future generations?
29. What are two sources of genetic variation in a population?
30. What must happen to allele frequencies in a population if evolution is occurring?
31. What is the order of energy flow in an ecosystem?
32. If the producers in an ecosystem produce 50,000 kilocalories of energy, how much energy will be
available at the tertiary consumer level of the food chain?
33. If the predator population declines, what will happen to the prey population?
34. One theory to the cheetah population going through the bottleneck effect is a disease wiped out most of
the population. What type of limiting factor is this?
35. If emigration in higher than immigration, what will happen to the population?
36. What is a trophic level?
37. As you move up each trophic level, what happens to the energy?
38. What is a community?
39. Name three density-dependent limiting factors.
40. How do plants use nitrogen?
41. Where is a major source of nitrogen in the cycle?
42. How do consumers get nitrogen in their diets?
43. How does water get into the atmosphere?
44. How does water return to the ground?
45. Who are the producers in an ecosystem?
46. What is the characteristic shape of exponential growth?
47. How do animals contribute to the carbon cycle?
48. Label the carry capacity on the graph below.
49. How can some bugs survive after being sprayed by an insecticide?
50. List four abiotic factors of an ecosystem.
51. List three sources of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
52. Why are invasive species such a big problem in an ecosystem?
53. What is the carrying capacity?
54. An energy pyramid is shown below.
Which graph best represents the relative energy content of the levels of this pyramid?
55. How do nutrients moves through an ecosystem?
56. The movement of organisms into an area is called?
57. Which are two ways a population can decrease in size?
58. Who are the producers in the diagram to the right?
59. Who would be most affected if most of the trees disappeared?
60. Would the snake obtain a greater percentage of energy from the grass
after eating a frog or a grasshopper? Why?
61. The diagram below shows some pathways in the cycling of materials in the environment.
Which two processes are involved in the cycling
shown in the diagram?
62. In the diagram below, which organism is classified as both a primary and a secondary consumer?
63. Why do the numbers of organism decrease as you move up the food
chain?
64. How can deforestation contribute to global warming?