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1.4 Review Understanding Life on Earth REVIEW SHEET
Each Hypothesis on the origin of life illustrates the importance of water
on our planet to support life. Without water, the spontaneous chemical
reactions that produced organic molecules would not have occurred.
Evidence from NASA mission to Mars indicates the planet has features
similar to Earth that include volcanoes, deserts, canyons, ridges, valleys,
and polar ice caps. Evidence from recent missions indicates that some
surface features on Mars were formed from water.

1.
If life were to have existed at some point on Mars, which chemical
elements would be necessary to support life? Which characteristics of life were
tested by the NASA Viking mission experiments? Pg 45

Earth and Mars both formed as planets at the same time approximately 4.6 billion
years ago. Which hypothesis on the origin of life could explain the discovery of
simple life forms on Mars? Pg 60 - 61

The element that most commonly bonds with carbon to form organic compounds
is – (look at picture of molecules on pg 53)
a. hydrogen
b. oxygen
c. nitrogen
d. phosphorus

Fats, oils, and waxes are examples of pg 51
a. carbohydrates
b. lipids
c. proteins
d. nucleic acids

The monomer of proteins is – pg 54
a. amino acids
b. monosaccharides
c. fatty acids
d. nucleotides

Lugol’s iodine is an indicator that will change from yellow to dark purple in the
presence of a- (on lab)
a.
b.
c.
d.

Which of the following organic compounds is used by living organisms as their
first source of energy? Pg 49
a.
b.
c.
d.

glucose
fats
starch
amino acids
Origin of life experiments conducted by Miller and Urey produced – pg 61
a.
b.
c.
d.

simple sugar
oil
starch
protein
glucose
fatty acids
nucleic acids
amino acids
Scientist theorize that the increase in oxygen in Earth’s early atmosphere resulted
from-pg 62
a.
b.
c.
d.
volcanism
heterotrophic anaerobes
autotrophic aerobes
endosymbiosis

Which of the following is evidence to support the Endosymbiotic Theory? Pg 62
a.
b.
c.
d.

amino acids can spontaneously join when heated
mitochondria contains DNA similar to prokaryotes DNA
proteinoids can form circular membranes
prokaryotes can produce energy through chemosynthesis
Write the definition to ( pg 62)
Prokaryote –
Heterotroph –
Anaerobe –
Autotroph –
Eukaryote –
Endosymbiotic theory –
Symbiosis
Write the seven characteristics of life (pg 46)

What are the top three elements found in living organisms (pg 43)
A student measures the weight of a rock as 50 g. He then places the rock in a graduated
cylinder filled with 25 mL of water. After the student placed the rock in the graduated
cylinder the water raised to 35 mL what is the density of the object?
Density = mass / volume ( Hint subtract volumes to get volume)

What is capillary action?

What did each of these tests test for?
o Benedicts =
o Biurets =
o Lugol’s iodine =
o Sudan III=
Fill in this chart
Type of
biomolecule
Elements
Examples
Monomer
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
Nucleic
Acid
What type of bond joins amino acids together? Pg 55
Which biomolecules contain nitrogen?
Structure
Function