Download PowerPoint

Ancient Egypt
Name _____________________________________ School________________
Date of Lesson ______________________________ Grade ________________
LESSON PLAN FORMAT
Title of Lesson: Ancient Egypt
Goal(s): To teach about the history of Ancient Egypt through an interactive power point presentation.
Learning Objectives:
Gain knowledge of Ancient Egypt.
Purpose/Rationale:
I am teaching this lesson this way to allow the students to get involved in the lesson, instead of a simple lecture.
Standards:
Students will use a variety of intellectual skills to demonstrate their understanding of major ideas, eras, themes,
developments, and turning points in world history and examine the broad sweep of history from a variety of
perspectives. (http://www.emsc.nysed.gov/nysatl/ssstand.html)
Teacher Preparation:
To prepare for this lesson, I had to research the different aspects of Ancient Egypt and put the information together in an
organized presentation that would be easy to follow by students.
Materials/Resources:
Power point access and over head projector.
ASSESSMENT:
At the end of the power point there is a jeopardy game that the students will be able to play to see how well they grasp
the information. The jeopardy game will also allow them to work in groups to reach their answers.
The Old
Kingdom
•Egypt was
unified nearly
400 years before
the start of the
Old Kingdom
•Also known as
the “Pyramid
age”
•Pharaohs (an
Egyptian king
or queen) ruled
the country
•Art and
architecture
grew with the
building of the
great pyramids
•collapsed in
about 2160 B.C.
The Middle
Kingdom
•The Middle Kingdom
was founded in 2040
B.C.
•Pharaohs
strengthened
government and
foreign trade
•More pyramids were
built again
•Black pyramids were
built
in this age
The New Kingdom
•Greatest period of
egyPt’s history
•Warrior kings
expanded the empire
into Nubia, Libya
and the Middle East
•Temples were built
•Pharaohs were
buried in painted
tombs in the Valley
of Kings
People of Egypt
PHARAOH
•Commanded the
army
•Ruled the country
•Supreme control
•Egyptians believed
he was a living God
•Set taxes
•Judged criminals
•Controlled the
temples
NOBLES
•Surrounded the
king at his time
of death
CRAFTSMEN
•Employed in
workshops run
by royal palaces
Women
•Responsible for
looking after the
house and raising
the Children
•Some worked in the
fields
•Women had the
same rights as men
OFFICIALS
•Every town
had officials
PEASENTS
•Collected taxes
•Majority of
Egyptians
•Regulated
businesses
•Worked in the
fields
•Organized
loans and
marriage
contracts
•Harvest crops
•Few could read
or write
The Nile River
•egyPt has been called the “gift of the
nile”
•The water has been used for drinking,
bathing and watering crops
•the nile is egyPt’s main highway; boats
would float up and down stream
•Egyptians have been growing crops
along the Nile for more than 7,000
years
•Settlers began to farm in the Nile
Valley around 500 B.C. (they formed
two two kingdoms: Upper Egypt and
Lower Egypt)
Pyramids
Step Pyramids
•First pyramids
constructed
•The outside of
the pyramids
look liked steps
•The steps were
believed to be used
by the king to
reach the gods
•One layer was
built at a time
Smooth-sided
pyramids
•All four sides of
the pyramids were
completely
smooth
•More advanced
of the two types
•the “great
Pyramid” was an
example of this
type
Black Pyramids
•Built Amenemhet 111
•Kind of a disaster
•Built on unstable
subsoil
•There are about eighty
pyramids known today in
Ancient Egypt
•The three largest and best
preserved were built at Giza
•The most well-known was
built for the pharaoh, Khufu,
and is called the “great
Pyramid”
•Many pyramids were built
along the Nile River in Egypt.
•In the 6th and 7th centuries
pyramids were built by princes
near the modern cities.
•The main purpose of the
pyramid was to serve as tombs.
•Problems with grave robbers
resulted in the decreasing
importance of pyramids.
•After this, underground
tombs became more preferred.
Construction of Pyramids
•
•
•
•
•
A major problem with construction of the
pyramids was getting the large stones to the
height needed
Ramps were built on inclined slopes of mud brick
and rubble
As the pyramids grew taller the slopes had to be
extended in length
In a step pyramid, packing blocks fill the steps to
keep them sturdy
The outside of a pyramid surrounds a central core
Egyptian Life
•
Life revolved around the three seasons
1.
Akhet-Flood Season (July to October)
-farm work stopped
2.
Peret-began when the water went down in November
3.
Shemu-the harvest (March to June)
-farmers worked hard to bring in the crops before
the water rose again
•
During the flood season, most farmers joined the work
laborers in building pyramids and temples
•
Most of history, ancient Egypt was the richest country in
the world
•
Linen, papyrus, dried fish and surplus food was exported in
exchange for luxury items like incense, silver and cedar
wood
•
Most houses were made from mud brick
with roof terraces
•
Egyptians believed that all events were controlled by the
gods and by giving them offerings, they would
live a happy life
Mummies
•Egyptians wanted to live forever, in order to do this the body
had to be Preserved or “mummified”
•Internal organs were removed and then the body was washed
and coated with oils and then wrapped in tight linen bandages
•The finished mummy was laid in a coffin or mummy case
•Mummy cases were covered with magic symbols to please the
Gods
•The whole process took 70 days
Writing tools
Hieroglyphs
•Paper made from papyrus reed
•Picture writing
•Reed brushes, pens
•“sacred cravings”
•Ink (soot or charcoal)
•Hard to read
Sphinx
•Stone figure of a lion with the head of
a king
•In front of pyramid complex at Giza
•The face is believed to be of pharaoh
khafra
Jeopardy
Pyramids
People
Kingdoms
Egyptian life
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
200
300
300
300
300
400
400
400
400
What are the three types of
pyramids?
Answer
1. Step pyramids
2. Smooth-sided pyramids
3. Black pyramids
What needed to be built to
help with the building of
the pyramids?
Answer
Ramps on inclined slopes of
mud bricks
Where were the largest and
best preserved pyramids built?
Answer
Giza
What resulted in the decrease
importance of pyramids?
Answer
Grave Robbers
What did the majority of
Egyptians do?
Answer
They worked as peasants in
the fields
Who collected the taxes and
controlled businesses?
Answer
The Officials
Who commanded the army?
Answer
Pharaohs
Where did the craftsmen
work?
Answer
Workshops run by royal
palaces
Which kingdom was known as
the “Pyramid age”?
Answer
Old Kingdom
In the new kingdom, where
were pharaohs buried?
Answer
In tombs in the valley of kings
During which kingdom was
the black pyramid built?
Answer
Middle kingdom
Which is the greatest period
of egyPt’s history?
Answer
New kingdom
What were most houses made
of?
answer
Mud brick
What did most farmers do
during the flood season?
answer
They joined work laborers in
building pyramids and
temples
What was exported in
exchange for luxury items?
answer
Linen, papyrus, dried fish, and
surplus food
What were the three seasons
called?
answer
Akhet, Peret, Shemu