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Physics Newton’s First Law Name ___________________________________ Period _____ Use the following site to answer the questions below. http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/Class/newtlaws/n ewtltoc.html HTTP://WWW.GLENBROOK.K12.IL.US/GBSSCI/PHYS/CLASS/NEWTLAWS/N EWTLTOC.HTML Lesson One 1. Newton’s First Law States An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction _____________ ____________________________________________________ 2. ____________ = the resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion. 3. If a ball rolls down a hill without friction how high will it roll up a second hill? Diagram 2 sets of hills. 4. Who is responsible for the idea in 3? ______________ 5. If friction could be eliminated and a ball rolled down a hill onto a level surface the ball would ___________ _________________________________________________________________ 6. ____________________ built on this idea about motion, and said ________________________________________________________ 7. Diagram a book sliding across a table show the direction of book and direction of friction. 8. Imagine a place in the cosmos far from all gravitational and frictional influences. Suppose that an astronaut in that place throws a rock. The rock will a. gradually stop. b. continue in motion in the same direction at constant speed. 9. An 2-kg object is moving horizontally with a speed of 4 m/s. How much net force is required to keep the object moving at this speed and in this direction? _________________ 10. Mac and Tosh are arguing in the cafeteria. Mac says that if he flings the jello with a greater speed it will have a greater inertia. Tosh argues that inertia does not depend upon speed, but rather upon mass. Who do you agree with? Explain why? _________________________________________________________________ 11. If you were in space in a weightless environment, would it require a force to set an object in motion? _________________________________________________________________ 12. Mr. Wegley spends most Sunday afternoons at rest on the sofa, watching pro football games and consuming large quantities of food. What effect (if any) does this practice have upon his inertia? Explain. _________________________________________________________________ 13. Ben Tooclose is being chased through the woods by a bull moose which he was attempting to photograph. The enormous mass of the bull moose is extremely intimidating. Yet, if Ben makes a zigzag pattern through the woods, he will be able to use the large mass of the moose to his own advantage. Explain this in terms of inertia and Newton's first law of motion. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 14. Two bricks are resting on edge of the lab table. Shirley Sheshort stands on her toes and spots the two bricks. She acquires an intense desire to know which of the two bricks are most massive. Since Shirley is vertically challenged, she is unable to reach high enough and lift the bricks; she can however reach high enough to give the bricks a push. Discuss how the process of pushing the bricks will allow Shirley to determine which of the two bricks is most massive. What difference will Shirley observe and how can this observation lead to the necessary conclusion? _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 15. The state of motion of an object is defined by its ____________ - the speed with a direction. 16. _____________ = tendency of an object to resist changes in its velocity. 17. The GBS physics teachers are taking some time off for a little putt-putt golf. The 15th hole at the Hole-In-One PuttPutt Golf Course has a large metal rim which putters must use to guide their ball towards the hole. Mr. Schmidgall guides a golf ball around the metal rim When the ball leaves the rim, which path (1, 2, or 3) will the golf ball follow? ____________ 18. A 4.0-kg object is moving across a friction-free surface with a constant velocity of 2 m/s. Which one of the following horizontal forces is necessary to maintain this state of motion? a. 0N b. 0.5 N c. 2.0 N d. 8.0 N e. depends on speed 19. Above the diagram shows a book with equal and balanced forces acting on the book. The book is said to be in ________________________. 20-22. Luke Autbeloe drops a 5.0 kg box of shingles (weight = ~50.0 N) off the barn house roof into a haystack below. Upon encountering the haystack, the box of shingles encounters a 50.0 N upward restraining force. Use this description to answer the following questions. Depress the mouse on the "pop-up menus" to view the correct answers. 20. Which one of the velocity-time graphs best describes the motion of the shingles? Support your answer with sound reasoning. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 21. Which one of the following ticker tapes best describes the motion of the falling shingles from the time that they are dropped to the time that they hit the ground? The arrows on the diagram represent the point at which the shingles hit the haystack. Support your answer with sound reasoning. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 22. Several of Luke's friends were watching the motion of the falling shingles. Being "physics types", they began discussing the motion and made the following comments. Indicate whether each of the comments are correct or incorrect? Support your answers. a. Once the shingles hit the haystack, the forces are balanced and the shingles will stop. _____________________________________________________________ b. Upon hitting the haystack, the shingles will accelerate upwards because the haystack applies an upward force. _____________________________________________________________ c. Upon hitting the haystack, the shingles will bounce upwards due to the upwards force. _____________________________________________________________ 23. If the forces acting upon an object are balanced, then the object a. must not be moving. b. must be moving with a constant velocity. c. must not be accelerating. d. none of these Physics Newton’s First Law Name ___________KEY_____________ Period _____ Use the following site to answer the questions below. http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/phys/Class/newtlaws/n ewtltoc.html Lesson One 1. Newton’s First Law States An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. 2. Inertia = the resistance an object has to a change in its state of motion. 3. If a ball rolls down a hill without friction how high will it roll up a second hill? Diagram 2 sets of hills. 4. Who is responsible for the idea in 3? Galileo 5. If friction could be eliminated and a ball rolled down a hill onto a level surface the ball would roll almost forever in an effort to reach the original height. 6. Isaac Newton built on this idea about motion, and said that a force is not needed to keep an object in motion. 7. Diagram a book sliding across a table show the direction of book and direction of friction. 8. Imagine a place in the cosmos far from all gravitational and frictional influences. Suppose that an astronaut in that place throws a rock. The rock will a. gradually stop. b. continue in motion in the same direction at constant speed. 9. An 2-kg object is moving horizontally with a speed of 4 m/s. How much net force is required to keep the object moving at this speed and in this direction? _________________ 10. Mac and Tosh are arguing in the cafeteria. Mac says that if he flings the jello with a greater speed it will have a greater inertia. Tosh argues that inertia does not depend upon speed, but rather upon mass. Who do you agree with? Explain why? _________________________________________________________________ 11. If you were in space in a weightless environment, would it require a force to set an object in motion? _________________________________________________________________ 12. Mr. Wegley spends most Sunday afternoons at rest on the sofa, watching pro football games and consuming large quantities of food. What effect (if any) does this practice have upon his inertia? Explain. _________________________________________________________________ 13. Ben Tooclose is being chased through the woods by a bull moose which he was attempting to photograph. The enormous mass of the bull moose is extremely intimidating. Yet, if Ben makes a zigzag pattern through the woods, he will be able to use the large mass of the moose to his own advantage. Explain this in terms of inertia and Newton's first law of motion. _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 14. Two bricks are resting on edge of the lab table. Shirley Sheshort stands on her toes and spots the two bricks. She acquires an intense desire to know which of the two bricks are most massive. Since Shirley is vertically challenged, she is unable to reach high enough and lift the bricks; she can however reach high enough to give the bricks a push. Discuss how the process of pushing the bricks will allow Shirley to determine which of the two bricks is most massive. What difference will Shirley observe and how can this observation lead to the necessary conclusion? _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ 15. The state of motion of an object is defined by its velocity - the speed with a direction. 16. Inertia = tendency of an object to resist changes in its velocity. 17. The GBS physics teachers are taking some time off for a little putt-putt golf. The 15th hole at the Hole-In-One PuttPutt Golf Course has a large metal rim which putters must use to guide their ball towards the hole. Mr. Schmidgall guides a golf ball around the metal rim When the ball leaves the rim, which path (1, 2, or 3) will the golf ball follow? ____________ 18. A 4.0-kg object is moving across a friction-free surface with a constant velocity of 2 m/s. Which one of the following horizontal forces is necessary to maintain this state of motion? a. 0N b. 0.5 N c. 2.0 N d. 8.0 N e. depends on speed 19. Above the diagram shows a book with equal and balanced forces acting on the book. The book is said to be in equilibrium. 20. Luke Autbeloe drops a 5.0 kg box of shingles (weight = ~50.0 N) off the barn house roof into a haystack below. Upon encountering the haystack, the box of shingles encounters a 50.0 N upward restraining force. Use this description to answer the following questions. Depress the mouse on the "pop-up menus" to view the correct answers. 20. Which one of the velocity-time graphs best describes the motion of the shingles? Support your answer with sound reasoning. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 21. Which one of the following ticker tapes best describes the motion of the falling shingles from the time that they are dropped to the time that they hit the ground? The arrows on the diagram represent the point at which the shingles hit the haystack. Support your answer with sound reasoning. _____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________ 22. Several of Luke's friends were watching the motion of the falling shingles. Being "physics types", they began discussing the motion and made the following comments. Indicate whether each of the comments are correct or incorrect? Support your answers. a. Once the shingles hit the haystack, the forces are balanced and the shingles will stop. _____________________________________________________________ b. Upon hitting the haystack, the shingles will accelerate upwards because the haystack applies an upward force. _____________________________________________________________ c. Upon hitting the haystack, the shingles will bounce upwards due to the upwards force. _____________________________________________________________ 23. If the forces acting upon an object are balanced, then the object a. must not be moving. b. must be moving with a constant velocity. c. must not be accelerating. d. none of these