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First Semester Exam Study Guide - Page 1 PHYSICS 1st Semester Exam – REVIEW Name: _____________________________________________ Date: __________ Period: _________ Unit 1 - Accelerated motion Vf = Vi + a ∆t Vf = √ Vi2 + 2 a ∆s ∆s = Vi ∆t + ½ a (∆t)2 d=rt F = ma 1. If an object is dropped and falls for 4 seconds its velocity will be a. -78.4 m/sec b. -0.41 m/sec c. -39.2 m/sec d. -2.45 m/sec e. -19.6 m/sec 2. If an object is dropped and falls for 4 seconds the distance it falls will be a. -78.4 m b. -0.41 m c. -39.2 m d. -2.45 m e.-19.6 m 3. If an object is thrown straight upward at 29.4 m/sec, it will stay in the air for a. 3 sec. b. 6 sec. c. 0.33 sec d. 288 sec. e. 29.4 sec. 4. A cannon shoots a projectile at 200 m/sec at an angle of 30 degrees above horizontal. The vertical velocity is a. 9.8 m/sec b. 400 m/sec c. 173 m/sec d. 231 m/sec e. 100 m/sec 5. A cannon shoots a projectile at 200 m/sec at an angle of 30 degrees above horizontal. The horizontal velocity is a. 9.8 m/sec b. 400 m/sec c. 173 m/sec d. 231 m/sec e. 100 m/sec 6. A cannon shoots a projectile at 200 m/sec at an angle of 30 degrees above horizontal. The projectile stays in the air for a. 10.2 sec b. 20.4 sec. c. 40.8 sec d. 17.7 sec e. 35.5 sec 7. A cannon shoots a projectile at 200 m/sec at an angle of 30 degrees above horizontal. The horizontal range of the cannon is a. 1764 m b. 3530 m c. 7058 m d. 2040 m e. 4080 m 8. A marble moving at 2 m/sec rolls off a tabletop that is 1 m high. It hits the ground how many m from the edge of the table top? a. 0.500 m b. 0.451 m c. 0.225 m d. 0.903 m e. 2 m 9. A car’s velocity is 20 m/sec. Its brakes slow it down at -4 m/sec2 What distance is required to stop the car? a. 50 m b. 5 m c. 1.58 m d. 0.25 m e. 7.07 m First Semester Exam Study Guide - Page 2 Unit 2 – Motion graphs Slope = Rise/run = vertical unit / horizontal unit Area = vertical unit x horizontal unit Use the following graph to answer questions 16 - 18. Velocity vs. Time 9 8 Y Velocity (m/s) 7 6 5 X 4 Z 3 2 1 0 0 1 2 3 4 10. The velocity during Y is a. 2 m/sec b. 4 m/sec 5 6 7 Time (s) c. 6 m/sec 8 d. 8 m/sec 11. The distance covered during the entire trip (X, Y and Z) is a.64 m b. 80 m c. 10 m d. 24 m 12. The acceleration during X is a. 2 m/sec2 b. 4 m/sec2 c. 8 m/sec2 9 10 11 e. 32 m/sec e. 8 m d. 16 m/sec2 e. 9.8 m/sec2 12a. What does the slope of this graph represent? 12b. When the slope is 0, what does that mean? Use the following graph to answer questions 19 - 23. D i s t a n c e C D B E A Time, s m 13. Slope measures a. distance b. acceleration c. velocity d. time e. nothing 14. Where is velocity greatest? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E 15. Where is velocity 0? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E 16. Where is velocity negative? a. A b. B c. C d. D e. E 12 13 First Semester Exam Study Guide - Page 3 Unit 3 - Newton’s laws of motion F=ma and Fnet=manet True weight is always mg FN = normal force, is always perpendicular to the surface of contact Apparent weight is always equal to the Normal Force and may be greater than or less than true weight Free Body Diagrams Define the system Draw the force vectors Define the positive axis direction Fnet = manet 17. A man’s mass is 60 kg. His weight is a. 588 N b. 6.1 N c. 0.16 N d. 60 N e. 9.8 N 18. When a 60 kg man is in an elevator accelerating upward at 4 m/sec2 his apparent weight is a. 588 N b. 60 N c. 39.2 N d. 348 N e. 828 N 19. When a 60 kg man is in an elevator moving downward at a constant 4 m/sec his apparent weight is a. 588 N b. 60 N c. 39.2 N d. 348 N e. 828 N 20. The Atwood machine below has an acceleration of a. 0.24 m/sec2 b. 3 m/sec2 c. 4.2 m/sec2 d. 9.8 m/sec2 21. The tension in the cord of the Atwood machine below is a. 19.6 N b. 29.4 N c. 28 N d. 68.6 N e. 22.9 m/sec2 e. 11.2 N 5 kg 2 kg 22. What is the acceleration of this Atwood machine (no friction)? a. 1.96 m/sec2 b. 5.88 m/sec2 c. 9.8 m/sec2 23. What is the tension in the cord? a. 4.9 N b. 9.8 N c. 15.7 N d. 19.6 N d. 7.35 m/sec2 e. 14.4 m/sec2 e. 78.4 N 8 kg 2 kg First Semester Exam Study Guide - Page 4 Unit 4 – Gravitation Kepler’s Third Law The square of the ratio of the periods of any two planets revolving about the Sun equal to the cube of the ratio of their average distances from the Sun rA3 ____________ = rB3 _____________ 2 2 tA tB Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation Objects attract other objects with a force that is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them m1 m2 F = G ______________ G = 6.67 x 10 -11 2 N m / kg 2 r2 In order to determine the acceleration due to gravity for any planet (or satellite): g = G me ___________ r2 24. An asteroid with a mass of 50,000 kg is 7000 m from the international space station which has a mass of 275,000 kg. What is the force of gravitational attraction between the asteroid and the space station? 25. What is the force of gravity on Mars? 26. How long does it take Mercury to orbit the sun? First Semester Exam Study Guide - Page 5 Unit 5 – Force Vectors Up forces = down forces Left forces = right forces Strings can only pull Beams can push or pull Weight is always a down force Must have at least one of each force (up, down, left, and right) 27. What is the force in cable x? a. 200 N b. 400 N d. 700 N e. 800 N c. 600 N 28. The cord’s force is a. down and left c. up and left b. down and right d. up and right 29. The bar’s force is a. left c. up b. down d. right 30. Draw the horizontal and vertical component Vectors for cable A. 31. Draw the horizontal and vertical component Vectors for cable B 32. What is the tension in each cable A? 33. What is the tension in cable B? 34. What is the force of cable A? a. 271 N b. 371 N d. 671 N e. 771 N c. 471 N 35. In the crane diagram, the direction of A’s force is a. down and left b. down and right c. up and left d. up and right 36. In the crane diagram, the direction of B’s force a. down and left b. down and right c. up and left d. up and right A B First Semester Exam Study Guide - Page 6 Unit 6 - Torque Torque = a measure of how effectively a force causes rotation or equilibrium T = force x distance Torque clockwise = torque counterclockwise Up = down 37. What is the weight of X? a. 10 N b. 20 N c. 30 N d. 40 N e. 50 N 38. At what distance from the left end should a string be attached so the apparatus will balance? a. 2 m b. 3 m c. 4 m d. 5 m e. 6 m 39. The car weighs 10000 N. The bridge weighs 2000 N. The left bridge support exerts an upward force of a. 5000 N b. 7000 N c. 8000 N d. 9000 N e. 10000 N First Semester Exam Study Guide - Page 7 Unit 7 - Friction Ff = μ FN SLIDE down the hill = SINE down the hill Weight (Fw) always goes STRAIGHT down Constant speed: µ = tan Ө No Friction: acceleration = 9.8 sin Ө 40. If µ = 0.4, what force is necessary to push a 500 N box across the floor? a. 0.0008 N b. 125 N c. 200 N d. 1250 N e. 2000 N 41. If µ= 0.4 and you push a 100 kg box with a force of 500 N, what is the acceleration? a. 0.3 m/s2 b. 0.4 m/s2 c. 0.8 m/s2 d. 1.0 m/s2 e. 1.1 m/s2 42. A box slides down a 30° slope at constant speed. What is µ? a. 0.5 b. 0.87 c. 0.58 d. 9.8 e. 30 43. The coefficient of friction (µ) is 0.1. What is the acceleration of this Atwood machine? a. 0.85 m/s2 b. 1.05 m/s2 c. 1.15 m/s2 d. 1.30 m/s2 e. 1.5 m/s2 First Semester Exam Study Guide - Page 8 Unit 8 - Circular Motion Circular Motion Formula Page ac Fc v2 = -----------r m v2 = -----------r vc = √ T =2∏ rg √ l/g Pendulum rollercoaster yoyo satelite T =2∏ 1 g = 9.8 m/s2 √m/k Spring 44. A 2 kg object is twirled in a horizontal circle on a 1.6 m string at 4 m/s. What centripetal force does the string exert? a. 5 N b. 10 N c. 15 N d. 20 N e. 25 N 45. What is the period of pendulum with a length of 0.50 m? a. 0.5 s b. 0.8 s c. 1.2 s d. 1.4 s e. 1.6 s 46. An amusement park ride makes you go around a circle of radius 4 m at 8 m/s. How many g’s of centripetal acceleration do you feel? a. 9.8 g’s b. 1.6 g’s c. 16 g’s d. 2.4 g’s e. 5 g’s 47. 5000 rev/min is how many radians/s? a. 523 b. 47700 c. 1884000 d. 13.3 e. 6.28 First Semester Exam Study Guide - Page 9 NUMBER ANSWER NUMBER ANSWER NUMBER 1 C -39.2 m/s 16 D 31 2 A -78.4m 17 A 588 N 32 70.9 N 3 B 6s 18 E 828 N 33 169.6 N 4 E 100 m/s 19 A 588 N 34 E 771 N 5 C 173 m/s 20 C 4.2 m/s2 35 6 B 20.4 s 21 C 28 N 36 7 B 3530 m 22 A 1.96 m/s2 37 B 20 N 8 D .903 m 23 C 15.7 N 38 B3m 1.9 x 10 N 39 A 5000 N -8 ANSWER A down and left D up and right 9 A 50m 24 10 D 8 m/s 25 40 C 200 N 11 A 64 m 26 41 E 1.1 m/s2 12 B 4 m/s2 27 E 800 N 42 C .58 13 C velocity 28 C up and left 43 C 1.15 m/s2 14 C 29 D 44 D 20 N 15 B 30 45 D 1.4 s NUMBER ANSWER 46 B 1.6 g’s 47 A 523 rad/s