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Name___KEY______________ Period_____________________ Test Date___________________ Rome Review Sheet Section 10:1, 10:3 AND your Map of the Roman Empire 1. Which geographical feature impeded travel, trade and Hannibal’s invasion of Italy? __________THE ALPS___________________ Section 10:2, Venn, Compare/Contrast Activity 2. Rome’s government types changed over time: Early in their history, Romans were controlled by a ___MONARCHY___ (Etruscan kings). Wanting more control, the wealthy Romans overthrew the last king, and established a ___REPUBLIC___. As Roman territory expanded, it eventually became a massive__EMPIRE__. 3. Rome’s__REPUBLIC__was the governmental system where citizens had a large amount of participation. 4. Compare and contrast characteristics of the Roman Republic with the United States Representative Democracy by explaining one similarity and one difference between them. CONTRAST In the Roman Republic : The Roman Senate members were elected for a lifetime The Roman Senate had 300 members The Romans had the Twelve Tables as their written law . But in the U.S.: U.S. Senators are elected for six year terms. The U.S. Senate has 100 members. The U.S. has the Constitution as the foundation for our laws COMPARE In the Roman Republic and in the U.S.: Both the Roman and U.S. government consists of three major parts and each part was responsible for specific jobs. Both governments had a Senate that made laws; Both the elected Tribunes of Rome and the Congress of the United States could veto a decision made by another branch of their government. Both governments created a system of checks and balances to limit the power of the other groups. (branches) The Romans had two consuls who were the military leaders. The President of the United States is also the commander-in-chief of the military. 5. List the 4 key factors of Rome’s Republic and define them: 1. TRIPARTITE: _A 3 PART GOVERNMENT SYSTEM. _ 2. CIVIC DUTY: _PARTICIPATION IN GOVERNMENT_ 3. TWELVE TABLES: _ROME’S WRITTEN LAWS TO PROTECT CITIZENS_ 4. CHECKS & BALANCES: _A METHOD TO BALANCE POWER IN GOVERNMENT SO NO ONE PART BECOMES STRONGER OR MORE INFLUENTIAL THAN THE OTHER_ 6. Our U.S. Founding Fathers modeled many written laws in our_CONSTITUTION_after the Romans’ Twelve Tables. Section 10:3 7. The Romans actually appreciated and adopted many cultural and architectural styles of the_GREEKS_after conquering them. Section 11:1 and Achievements Chart Activity 8. Which effects occurred in Rome as a result of trade with Asia along the Silk Road? Circle them: Isolation decrease in population spread of Christianity Cultural diffusion more products more wars 9. The Roman Empire grew to include the entire Mediterranean region. With so many new products available,_TRADE_increased as a result of Rome’s expanding empire. 10. Complete the charts describing legacies in Engineering, Architecture, and Public Works: Engineering Public Works? (√ if yes) Legacy: Describe Modern Use/Example aqueducts USED TO BRING WATER TO CITIES STILL USED IN PARTS OF THE WORLD TODAY roads LAYERED CONSTRUCTION Sewer systems PIPES USED TO CARRY SEWAGE OUT OF THE STREETS TO THE RIVER OUR SEWERS TODAY BASED OFF THIS, SOME OF ANICIENT ROME’S STILL IN USE TODAY YES bridges ROMANS MADE STRONG BRIDES, USED ARCHES/VAULTS DESIGN AND TECHNIQUES STILL USED IN BRIDGES TODAY YES Architectural BASIC CONSTRUCTION STILL USED TODAY, EVEN SOME OF THOSE ROADS STILL USED TODAY YES YES Legacy: Describe Modern Use/Example Public Works? (√ if yes) The Colosseum (Amphitheaters) LARGE, OVAL SHAPED STRUCTURE. USED FOR GATHERINGS, ENTERTAINMENT, ETC. INFLUENCED STADIUMS AND THEATERS TODAY YES basilicas LARGE OBLONG BUILDING USED AS A HALL OF JUSTICE AND PUBLIC MEETING PLACE CHRISTIAN CHURCHES YES arches A ROUNDED SHAPE TO USED IN NO domes SUPPORT WEIGHT, USED IN BUILDING AQUEDUCTS AND BRIDGES ARCHITECTURE, BRIDGES, BULIDINGS, ETC ROUNDED ARCHITECHTURAL STRUCTURE, ALLOWED FOR VAULTED CEILINGS ARCHITECTURE IN BUILIDINGS TODAY NO 11. Explain one Roman legacy in the area of art and one legacy in the area of literature, and explain its enduring impact on modern civilization . Describe legacy Modern impact Art MOSAICS, PAINTINGS, STATUES FRESCOES POTRAITS TECHNIQUES STILL PRACTICED AND APPRECIATED TODAY Lit EPIC: VIRGIL MYTHOLOGY: OVID HISTORIES, SPEECHES, DRAMAS LATIN DEVELOPED ROMANCE LANGUAGES AND INFLUENCED ENGLISH WORDS ALL STUDIED AND ENJOYED TODAY STILL PERFORMED TODAY MANY WORDS TODAY HAVE A LATIN ROOT (COLOSSAL, VETO, CIRCUS….) 12. Caesar’s death had mixed reactions. List one reason why people would be happy about his death and one reason why people would’ve been upset by it. Happy_ROMAN SENATORS: RESENTED HIS RISE TO POWER AND FEARED HIS GROWING STRENGTH, DIDN’T LIKE HIS DICTATORSHIP AND THEIR LOSS OF POWER, CONCERNED HE WANTED TO BE KING_ Upset_ANTONY AND AUGUSTUS: (FRIEND AND ADOPTED SON) HE WAS A BRAVE, SKILLED GENERAL, GREAT MILITARY SUCCESS, EXCELLENT SPEAKER, WORKED HARD TO IMPROVE ROMAN SOCIETY, HIS DEATH DECREASED ROME’S POWER_ Section 11:2 13. Describe one reason for the spread of Christianity, and one reason the spread of Christianity was impeded. SPREAD: Apostles’ travels and disciples’ writings (Gospels) spread the ideas Jews were waiting for the Messiah at this time Christianity was based on ideas/traditions of Judaism (familiar/similar) Emperor Constantine eventually removed the bans on Christianity, allowing people to worship freely SPREAD IMPEDED: Roman officials arrested and killed Christians for not believing in their many Roman gods Christianity was banned by some Roman emperors Section 11:3 14. When the Romans came in large crowds to the Colosseum to witness gladiator fights and executions, what can you infer about their norms and values? _ ROMANS VALUED ENTERTAINMENT AT ANY COST, EVEN HUMAN DEATH OR SUFFERING_