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ELECTRICAL SAFETY DEVICES GFCI: A ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) can help prevent electrocution. If a person’s body starts to receive a shock, the GFCI senses this and cuts off the power before he/she can get injured. GFCIs are generally installed where electrical circuits may accidentally come into contact with water. They are most often found in kitchens, bath and laundry rooms, or even out-of-doors or in the garage where electric power tools might be used. FUSE: A fuse is a safety device to prevent excess current flowing in an electric circuit. It consists of a thin metal wire of low resistance and low melting point. When an electrical appliance or some other piece of electrical equipment becomes faulty, therefore allowing an excess electric current to flow through its circuit, this causes the wire inside the fuse to melt and thus break the flow of current. Fuses, by design are a one-time-use protective device - once they are used ("burn out"), they're worthless. CIRCUIT BREAKERS: When an electrical appliance becomes faulty or ground fault exists, excess electric current would flow through the circuit and produce a large amount of heat. A circuit breaker also has a rating: if the electric current is over a certain value, the circuit breaker will "TRIP" (disconnecting power) automatically to break the flow of current in order to protect the electrical appliance - and its service wiring - to help prevent a home fire. LIGHTNING ROD: The lightning rod, which Benjamin Franklin invented in 1749, is a metal pole mounted atop a building that draws lightning's electrical charge away from the structure. The rod is attached to an aluminum or copper cable that's connected to an underground conductive grid. This allows the electricity to dissipate harmlessly. Because lightning tends to strike the tallest object in the vicinity, lightning rods must be taller than any buildings or other objects in the area. If installed properly, a lightning rod will carry a lightning bolt's electrical charge through the path of least resistance along the cable into the ground, reducing the risk of fire or heat damage from the strike. SURGE PROTECTOR: A surge protector (or surge suppressor) is an appliance designed to protect electrical devices from voltage spikes. A surge protector attempts to limit the voltage supplied to an electric device by either blocking or by shorting to ground any unwanted voltages above a safe threshold. The terms surge protection device (SPD), or transient voltage surge suppressor (TVSS), are used to describe electrical devices typically installed in power distribution panels, process control systems, communications systems, and other heavy-duty industrial systems, for the purpose of protecting against electrical surges and spikes, including those caused by lightning. Many power strips have basic surge protection built in; these are typically clearly labeled as such. However, power strips that do not provide surge protection are sometimes erroneously referred to as "surge protectors". GROUND PLUG: The purpose of the grounding plug is mainly to prevent electrical shocks to the user of the appliance. Also helps keep the appliance from being damaged. The purpose of the grounding pin or prong is to connect the metal casing and any metal parts inside the appliance straight back to ground independently to the neutral wire. Then, if ever the metal casing or any metal parts inside the appliance become electrically "hot" or "live" because of an equipment failure, accidental damage - or some other cause of a malfunction - the direct path back to ground will in effect produce an immediate short circuit that will make the fuse or circuit breaker, that is protecting the circuit supplying current to the appliance, to operate to break the supply of current. By doing so, it helps to prevent electrical shocks to the user of the appliance.