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SFASU: INTRODUCTION TO ETHICS # 1 REVIEW: GUIDE FOR MID-TERM EXAM www.prshockley.org Howdy! I’ve reduced the standard exam material to the following material. Enjoy! A. Know the following terms, concepts, advantages, and criticism from class lectures: 1. General definition of Virtue Ethics 2. General definition of Deontological Ethics 3. General definition of Consequential Ethics 4. The word, “Virtue” 5. The term, “Eudaimonia” and its three English translations. 6. Akratic 7. Enkratic 8. Greek word, “deon.” 9. Greek word, “arête.” 10. The Golden Mean 11. Phronesis 12. Habits 13. Aristotle’s definition of “Habit “ 14. Utilitarianism 15. What is Natural Law? Describe Natural Law? 16. Know the three formulations of the categorical imperative: 17. Socrates’ view of virtue: knowledge = virtue. 18. Plato’s concept of virtue: well-ordered soul vs. a disordered soul. 19. What are the two reasons Plato gives for our failure to do what is right? 20. Unpack Plato’s view of the soul as it relates to the city-state. What are the three parts of the soul? Why is reason to be in control? 21. Aristotle’s view of virtue 22. What is a vice? 23. Know the general advantages of and criticisms made against deontological ethics 24. Know the general advantages of and criticisms made against virtue ethics 25. What is significant about Plato’s Meno? 26. What is significant about Plato’s Republic? Why is this book important? 27. What is significant about Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics? 28. What is significant about G.E.M. Anscombe? What did she do? 29. What is the Categorical Imperative? 30. Be able to identify all three formulations of the Categorical Imperative? 31. What is an perfect duty? 32. What is an imperfect duty? 33. How does actually do Kantian ethics 34. How does one actually develop virtue ethics? 35. What is Intuitionism? 1 B. Regarding your reading by Pojman, use the table of contents as a guide to help you know the major topics, terms, people, and answers to the main questions raised in chapters 1, 2, 8, 4, and 7: 1. 2. 3. Chapter 1: Why do we need morality? A reflection on Lord of the Flies Why do we need morality? a. A Hobbesian Account The purposes of Morality The nature of moral principles: a. Prescriptively b. Universalizability c. Overridingness d. Publicity e. Practicability Conclusion 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. Chapter 2: Why Should I be Moral? Is the Good Good for You? The Egoist and the Altruist a. The Religious Answer b. The Socratic Answer c. The Existentialist Answer d. The Rationalist Split-Level Answer The Ayn Rand Argument for the Virtue of Selfishness The Paradox of Egoism The Prisoner’s Dilemma The Quasi Moralist? Evolution and Altruism: The Parable of the Birds Conclusion Chapter 8: Virtue-Based Ethical Theory: Aretaic Ethics The Aretatic Critique of Action-Based Ethics a. Action-based ethics lack a motivational component b. Action based ethics often ignore the spiritual dimensions of ethics Aristotle’s Virtue Ethics What is the relationship between Virtue and Principles? Chapter 4: The Case for Ethical Objectivism: Twenty Moral Questions Natural Law Moderate Objectivism a. The Core Morality Conclusion 2 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. Chapter 7: Deontological Ethics: Intuitionism and Kantian Ethics: Rule-Deontological System: Kant’s Rule-Deontological System a. Categorical Imperative b. An Analysis of the First Formulation c. Kant’s Second Formulation d. Kant’s Third forumulation e. An Assessment of Kant’s System What is a hypothetical Imperative (pg. 145)? What is intuitionism? (pg.138). Once again, from Pojman, use table of contents from this book to prepare for exam. Know the major ideas in each section as referred to by table of contents. Look for words that are in bold, words that are emphasized, repeated, related, alike, and unalike. Don’t get bogged down by meticulous details. You will discover that my lecture material and Pojman are interrelated. You will need a scantron 882 E and a number 2 pencil. You will have multiple choice, true/false, and/or perhaps matching. Also, bring blue book. The test will be straightforward. It will demonstrate your skills in being to recognize and evaluate the major ideas, concepts, and systems of ethics that we have covered so far in this class. You will soon discover as you prepare that these ideas are interrelated. 3