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Virtue Ethics
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What is Virtue Ethics?
Virtue Ethics- the position
that the moral life should
be concerned with
cultivating a virtuous
character rather than rules
of reason
► Aristotle: because humans
can reason, they must act
on their ability to reason
► The result=happiness,
which is what humans seek
► How is this virtue and
excellence achieved? LOOK
TO THE MEAN!!!
►
Virtue
Virtue- the ability to be
reasonable in our actions, desires
and emotions; a morally good
character trait
► Virtue ethics depend on character
development
► If an action tends to produce a
virtuous character it is morally
right
► Recognize the importance of
community, develop personal
ideals
►
Buddhist Ethics
►
A)
B)
C)
D)
According to Buddhism, ethical behaviour
involves:
Volitional action-voluntary conduct is
supremely important
Karma- great law of cause and effect,
karma is related to rebirth
Cultivation of wisdom- discipline of the
mind through ethical action and quieting
of the mind until the point of
enlightenment
Morality- the companion of wisdom
Buddhist Ethics
► Four
noble truths:
-life is suffering
-desire is the cause of
suffering
-Overcoming suffering is
to overcome desire
-The way to end
suffering is to follow
the Eightfold Path
Male/Female Ethics
► Many
philosophers believe that men and
women generally have different ethics
► Male ethics-based on principles
► Female ethics-based on virtue
► Examples of principles: justice, human
rights
► Examples of virtue: responsibility, caring,
compassion
Lawrence
Kohlberg
►
Lawrence Kohlberg-stated
that more men than
women reach the postconventional stage of
moral development
(adapting of universal
moral principles to human
welfare
Carol Gilligan
►
►
Criticized Kohlberg’s view
that more men than
women reach the postconventional stage, and
stated the female
approach to morality is
superior
Redefined the postconventional stage as one
who strikes a balance
between caring for oneself
and others