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EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION (Sept. 22, 1862) Main Goal: Restore the Union Lincoln wanted to keep 4 slave states from seceding Stated –“All slaves in Rebel States (Confederacy) would be free as of Jan.1,1863” o Did not free slaves in loyal slave states OR Confed. lands captured by Union Army Significance: o Changed purpose of the war (abolition became important) o Brought sympathy/loyalty from Europe (no backing for S Army any longer) o Support from free blacks UNION At first- law forced freedmen to non-combat tasks (couldn’t join the army for military duty) As Union pushed south = slaves joined in Congress gave all blacks (freed or escaped slaves) right to join army o All received white commanders o Half pay o Less supplies, food, clothing, etc. Mass. 54th regiment o Fought to restore Union / free people CONFEDERACY After Emancipation Proclamation: Slaves still had to work Some used this to their advantage: (strikes) o No work until paid o No work w/ threats o Slowed down work GOALS OF CIVIL WAR North: The Anaconda Plan (surround and suffocate) Sea Blockade ports to South (Shut down trade) WestControl Miss. River East Seize Richmond (Confed. Capital) South: Defensive War STRUCTURE OF ARMIES Confederate Conscription (draft) – April 1862 Union Draft – March 1863 o Poor farmers and Working Class – no escape o Wealthy – pay gov’t to be exempt or hire substitute o South – anyone who owned 20 or more slaves = exempt Full enlistment: Confederacy = 750,000 (total) Union = 2,672,341 (total) 105,963 (navy/marines) 180,000 (Af. Amer.) 7,000 (non-commissioned officers) 100 (commissioned) 3,530 (Native Amer.)