Download EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION (Sept

EMANCIPATION PROCLAMATION
(Sept. 22, 1862)
 Main Goal: Restore the Union
 Lincoln wanted to keep 4 slave states from seceding
 Stated –“All slaves in Rebel States (Confederacy)
would be free as of Jan.1,1863”
o Did not free slaves in loyal slave states OR
Confed. lands captured by Union Army
 Significance:
o Changed purpose of the war (abolition became
important)
o Brought sympathy/loyalty from Europe (no
backing for S Army any longer)
o Support from free blacks
UNION
 At first- law forced freedmen to non-combat tasks
(couldn’t join the army for military duty)
 As Union pushed south = slaves joined in
 Congress gave all blacks (freed or escaped slaves)
right to join army
o All received white commanders
o Half pay
o Less supplies, food, clothing, etc.
 Mass. 54th regiment
o Fought to restore Union / free people
CONFEDERACY
After Emancipation Proclamation:
 Slaves still had to work
 Some used this to their advantage: (strikes)
o No work until paid
o No work w/ threats
o Slowed down work
GOALS OF CIVIL WAR
North:
The Anaconda Plan (surround and suffocate)
Sea Blockade ports to South (Shut down trade)
WestControl Miss. River
East Seize Richmond (Confed. Capital)
South:
Defensive War
STRUCTURE OF ARMIES
 Confederate Conscription (draft) – April 1862
 Union Draft – March 1863
o Poor farmers and Working Class – no escape
o Wealthy – pay gov’t to be exempt or hire
substitute
o South – anyone who owned 20 or more slaves =
exempt
Full enlistment:
Confederacy = 750,000 (total)
Union = 2,672,341 (total)
 105,963 (navy/marines)
 180,000 (Af. Amer.)
 7,000 (non-commissioned officers)
 100 (commissioned)
 3,530 (Native Amer.)