Download Chapter 18 Study Guide (Complete with Answers)

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American Civ 9
Chapter 18 The Reconstruction
Study Guide
Date_________________
Point Value
Approximately 50 points
Types of Test Questions
Vocabulary Matching
Fill in the Blank
Multiple Choice
“Civil War Amendments” Table
Short Answer
Concepts to Study
Section 1 First Steps to Reunion
Vocabulary to Define
Freedmen
Men and women who had been slaves
Amnesty
Government pardon
What was Reconstruction? (see notes)
Rebuilding of the South after Reconstruction
What were the three biggest problems that the South faced after the Civil War? (see text
or notes)
1. returning soldiers needed jobs
2. farms/cities were ruined
3. Freed African Americans
What was Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction called? Under this plan, what did the South
have to do to rejoin the rest of the United States? (See chart on p. 484 or in notes)
10% Plan
10% of white men must swear loyalty to the Union; slavery must be abolished
The moderate Republicans in Congress rejected Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction and
came up with their own. What was it called and what did Southerners have to do to rejoin
the rest of the United States? (See chart on p. 484 or in notes)
Wade Davis Bill
Majority of white men must swear loyalty to the Union
Former Confederate soldiers or officers could not vote or hold political office
Congress and Lincoln agreed to set up the Freedman’s Bureau to help newly freed slaves.
According to the textbook, what were the five main things that the Freedman’s Bureau
provided for freed slaves.
Food, clothing, shelter, medical care, jobs, and education
Who assassinated Lincoln?
John Wilkes Booth
Who succeeded Lincoln as President?
Andrew Johnson
What did the 13th Amendment do?
Freed the slaves
Section 2 Radical Reconstruction
Define the following terms:
Black codes
Laws that severely limited the rights of African
Radical
Person who wants to make drastic changes to society
Impeach
Bring formal charges of wrongdoing against an elected an official
What were the two main things guaranteed by the 14th Amendment?
Anyone born in the U.S. was a citizen
All citizens are entitled to equal protection under the law
What was the name of the plan for Reconstruction proposed by the Radical Republicans
and eventually passed by Congress and what did the southerners have to do before their
states were allowed to rejoin the rest of the United States?
(See chart on p. 484 or in notes)
Reconstruction Act – Must disband state governments; must write new constitutions;
must ratify 14th and 15th amendments
What were the two main goals of the Radical Republicans? (text or notes)
To get African Americans the right to vote
Break the power of wealthy, white planters
What did President Johnson want southern states to do under his plan for Reconstruction?
(See chart on p. 484 or in notes.)
Majority of white men must swear loyalty; must ratify 13th amendment; African
Americans must be allowed to vote
Why did the Radical Republicans try to impeach President Johnson?
They feared that he would not implement Reconstruction laws.
What did the 15th Amendment guarantee for African Americans?
The right to vote
Section 3 Changes in the South
Define the following:
Scalawags
Southerners who complied with the North’s efforts towards reconstruction and who were
seen as disloyal to the South.
Carpetbaggers
Profiteers who came South (Northerners who came South looking to make money in the
South.)
Sharecropper
Freedmen who farmed the land in return for a share of the crops
Ku Klux Klan A secret society who maintained power for the whites through violence to
freedmen
Conservatives
They wanted the South to change as little as possible
Did sharecroppers or farmers make much money?
No, they were locked in a cycle of poverty.
Section 4 Reconstruction Ends
Identify the following terms:
What were poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses? And what was there
purpose?
Poll taxes – required voters to pay a fee each time that they voted
Literacy tests – required voters to read and write in order to be able to vote
Grandfather clauses – state law saying a person could vote if his grandfather had been
eligible to vote in 1867; increased white voters, excluded black voters
Overall purpose of these laws were to exclude African Americans from voting
Segregation
Separation of the races in public
Lynching
Execution of a person by a mob; usually done by hanging
What was the main reason that Reconstruction ended?
Northerners lost interest
What did the Plessy vs Ferguson Supreme Court case rule?
Segregation is legal or “separate but equal is equal”