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Objective: Students will be able to describe the differences in the
Objective: Students will be able to describe the differences in the

... January 08, 2015 ...
"If You Ain`t Got The Do, Re, Mi": The Commerce Clause and State
"If You Ain`t Got The Do, Re, Mi": The Commerce Clause and State

... downturn of the late 1980s and early 1990s provides a case in point. In 1992, the number of Americans living below the official poverty line climbed to its highest point since 1964, the year that the nation declared its "war on poverty." 4 Wrenching dislocations in the occupational structure and the ...
Denied and Disparaged: The Future of the Ninth Amendment
Denied and Disparaged: The Future of the Ninth Amendment

... Ninth and Tenth Amendments, the inquiry must be directed toward the granted power under which the action of the Union was taken. If granted power is found, necessarily the objection of invasion of those rights, reserved by the Ninth and Tenth Amendments, must fail. 1 ...
Revitalizing the Quiet Ninth Amendment
Revitalizing the Quiet Ninth Amendment

... individual have a constitutional right to receive health care? One day, these issues may be adjudicated in the United States' federal court system, most likely the United States Supreme Court, but what constitutional provision will govern the dispute? Under current law, the Due Process Clause of the ...
Constituting America Analyzing the Constitution Kid`s Style! Juliette
Constituting America Analyzing the Constitution Kid`s Style! Juliette

... again. ―whole number of free persons‖…what does it say in the Article of Confederation, ―white and other free inhabitants.‖ Does that not include free African-Americans? It certainly does. Between 1776-1787, there were approx. 10,000 free African-Americans. Thus, they were included in the ―whole num ...
RECONSTRUCTION
RECONSTRUCTION

... write to vote Grandfather clause— allowed poor, illiterate, white Southerners to vote ...
review for quiz 2 notes 3
review for quiz 2 notes 3

... What did President Lincoln hope to reunite during his phase of Reconstruction? ...
Sample
Sample

... 72) Article I of the United States Constitution establishes the ________ branch of government, Article II establishes the ________ branch of government, and Article III establishes the ________ branch of government. A) executive; judicial; legislative B) judicial; legislative; executive C) legislat ...
fourth amendment remedies as rights: the
fourth amendment remedies as rights: the

... Contemporary Fourth Amendment Exclusionary Rule Jurisprudence, 50 AM. CRIM. L. REV. 1, 29-51 (2013), and Jennifer E. Laurin, Trawling for Herring: Lessons in Doctrinal Borrowing and Convergence, 111 COLUM. L. REV. 670, 739-43 (2011). 15 See Acevedo, 500 U.S. at 582-84 (Scalia, J., concurring) (descr ...
- bepress Legal Repository
- bepress Legal Repository

... federalist declaration of the Tenth Amendment.11 Thus, the contemporary debate regarding the Ninth has proceeded without either side feeling obligated to construct a judicially enforceable theory of the entire text. In fact, taking the entire text of the Ninth Amendment seriously leads to some surp ...
In Search of Justice Black`s Fourth Amendment
In Search of Justice Black`s Fourth Amendment

... Justice Black's fourth amendment opinions were, in some respects, consistent with his other constitutional opinions. As in the case of the first amendment, he attempted to develop a literalist approach to interpretation, though as I intend to demonstrate in the pages which follow, the attempt must b ...
Reconstruction - Chino Valley Unified School District
Reconstruction - Chino Valley Unified School District

... their own education efforts. For example, Freedmen’s Bureau agents found that some African Americans had opened schools in abandoned buildings. Many white southerners continued to believe that African Americans should not be educated. Despite opposition, by 1869 more than 150,000 African American st ...
08-1521 McDonald v. Chicago (06/28/2010)
08-1521 McDonald v. Chicago (06/28/2010)

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Republicanism on the Outside: A New Reading
Republicanism on the Outside: A New Reading

... it meant the creation of the Constitution itself was to be endorsed by the people. As Professor Amar notes, the process by which the Constitution was created and ratified enjoyed an unprecedented level of democratic participation.35 Second, republicanism meant that, for constitutional purposes, the ...
Reconstruction And Its Effects
Reconstruction And Its Effects

... A map of the South under Military Reconstruction. Two years after the end of the war, in large part because Andrew Johnson had been discredited by actions by states formed under his reconstruction plan, Reconstruction began again, this time under the control of Congress. The Military Reconstruction ...
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Personal Security, Personal Liberty, and `the

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"One loves to possess arms..." Thomas Jefferson in a letter to

... Second Amendment of the United States Constitution, the very source of every U.S. citizen's right to possess firearms, is one of the most ignored and overlooked parts of the American Bill of Rights.4 Much of what has been said about the Second Amendment is hostile to the very rights so plainly guara ...
Martial Manhood Citizenship, Suffrage, and the un
Martial Manhood Citizenship, Suffrage, and the un

... paralleled similar restrictions on the political participation of black men in other Northern states. Attorney General Edward Bates’s opinion on the prospects of black citizenship articulated a new theory of citizenship that served as the Union’s, and subsequently Republican’s, political vision of t ...
Challenging the Wisdom of Solomon: The First Amendment and
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From Cities to Schoolyards: The Implications of an Individual Right
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SC-2150 Opinion - Florida Supreme Court

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Justice Black, the Fourteenth Amendment, and Incorporation
Justice Black, the Fourteenth Amendment, and Incorporation

... regarding the relationship of the fourteenth amendment to the Bill of Rights. That opportunity came with the Court's decision in Palko 2 announced less than 4 months v. Connecticut," after Justice Black's appointment. Speaking for the Palko Court, Justice Cardozo rejected the claim that all the guar ...
the supreme court`s thirty-five other gun cases: what the supreme
the supreme court`s thirty-five other gun cases: what the supreme

... brawls). [FN20] The case cited by the Miller Court, Aymette v. State [FN21], is plainly in the Standard Model, since it interprets the Tennessee Constitution's right to arms to protect an individual right to own firearms, but only firearms suitable for militia *107 use; in dicta, Aymette states that ...
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Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The Fourteenth Amendment (Amendment XIV) to the United States Constitution was adopted on July 9, 1868, as one of the Reconstruction Amendments. The amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws, and was proposed in response to issues related to former slaves following the American Civil War. The amendment was bitterly contested, particularly by Southern states, which were forced to ratify it in order for them to regain representation in Congress. The Fourteenth Amendment, particularly its first section, is one of the most litigated parts of the Constitution, forming the basis for landmark decisions such as Roe v. Wade (1973) regarding abortion, Bush v. Gore (2000) regarding the 2000 presidential election, and Obergefell v. Hodges (2015) regarding same-sex marriage. The amendment limits the actions of all state and local officials, including those acting on behalf of such an official.The amendment's first section includes several clauses: the Citizenship Clause, Privileges or Immunities Clause, Due Process Clause, and Equal Protection Clause. The Citizenship Clause provides a broad definition of citizenship, overruling the Supreme Court's decision in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857), which had held that Americans descended from African slaves could not be citizens of the United States. The Privileges or Immunities Clause has been interpreted in such a way that it does very little.The Due Process Clause prohibits state and local government officials from depriving persons of life, liberty, or property without legislative authorization. This clause has also been used by the federal judiciary to make most of the Bill of Rights applicable to the states, as well as to recognize substantive and procedural requirements that state laws must satisfy.The Equal Protection Clause requires each state to provide equal protection under the law to all people within its jurisdiction. This clause was the basis for Brown v. Board of Education (1954), the Supreme Court decision that precipitated the dismantling of racial segregation, and for many other decisions rejecting irrational or unnecessary discrimination against people belonging to various groups.The second, third, and fourth sections of the amendment are seldom litigated. However, the second section's reference to ""rebellion and other crime"" has been invoked as a constitutional ground for felony disenfranchisement. The fifth section gives Congress the power to enforce the amendment's provisions by ""appropriate legislation"". However, under City of Boerne v. Flores (1997), Congress's enforcement power may not be used to contradict a Supreme Court interpretation of the amendment.
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