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Foundation of Medicine Lec 1 Professor Dr Monem Alshok 22/11/2014 Most Medical Terms come from Greek ( Diagnosis & Surgery ) or Latin Language (Anatomical terms) Pretest Questions in Med Terminology :Choose one correct choice : Q1 . All MT have : A.Suffix B.Prefix C.Root D.Vowel Q2 . The Word Root in Tonsillitis is A . –itis B. TonsillC . –sill Q3 . The suffix in Physiology is ; A . Logy B . physiC.O Q 4 . Divide into components of word part Medical Terms Cardiology Histology Mammography Bronchoscopy Pneumonia Arthritis Oncology Inguinal Root Combining Vowel Q5 . Fasciotomy is an example of A . Simple Word B . Compound word C . Combining word Q6 . When you make Analysis of the word begin with: Suffix A . Beginning B . End of word C .Middle Q 7 . Adding Vowel to the word results in A . Prefix B . Suffix C . Combining form D . Complex word Q 8 . The term Gastroenterology has : A . Two Root B . One Root C . Three root Q 9 . One combination do not need a combining Vowel : A . Dermat + itis B . Dermat + logy C . Micr + Scopy Q10 . Which one of the following symbols used when we divide the medical term into their word parts ? A./ B.= C . ----- D.; Basic Elements of a Medical Word include (These four parts of a word are known as ELEMENTS) : Word Root , Combining Form , Suffix , Prefix Word Root : Main part or foundation of a word. All words have at least one word root. A word root may be used alone or combined with other elements to form a complete word. The word root usually refers to a body part. Some root words are derived from the Latin or Greek language e. g. SPEAK (word root) + ER (suffix) = SPEAKER (complete word), Teacher ( Root is Teach , er Suffix one who ) Greek( G ) Word & Latin( L ) Root Meaning Example Term Word Dermatos Nephros Stoma Cutis Oris Renes G G G L L L Word Root Examples “dent” means tooth “dermat” means skin “cardi” means heart “gastr” means stomach “pancreat” means pancreas Combining Forms: Correct pronunciation of medical words is important. In order to make the pronunciation of word roots easier, sometimes it is necessary to insert a vowel after the root. The combination of a word root and a vowel is known as a COMBINING FORM. Combining forms consist of a combining vowel. The combining vowel is usually an “o”, but others may be used. IE: gastr / o pronounced GASTRO Defining Medical Words: Here are the three basic rules for defining medical words using the example term gastroenteritis. Rule No. 1 Define the suffix, or last part of the word. In this case, -itis, which means inflammation. Rule No. 2 Define the first part of the word (which may be a word root, combining form, or prefix). In this case, the combining form gastr/o means stomach. Rule No. 3 Define the middle parts of the word. In this case, enter/ means intestine When you analyze gastroenteritis following the three previous rules, the meaning is revealed as: 1. inflammation (of) 2. stomach (and) 3. intestine Thus, the definition of gastroenteritis is “inflammation (of) stomach (and) intestine.”