Download The Digestive System

Name: _________________
Date: __________________
Block: ______
Mouth:
-teeth
–tongue
-salivary glands
Esophagus
Liver
Stomach
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Lg intestine
Small intestine
-duodenum
Appendix
Rectum
Anus
Throughout various parts of the digestive system there are several key actions
that re-occur:
Mechanical
Digestion
Physically breaks
food down into
smaller pieces
Ex: teeth rip food
Chemical
Digestion
Involves enzymes
& chemical
changes
(irreversible)
Ex: Salivary
Amylase
Enzymes
Peristalsis
Absorption
Special Proteins
that speed up
chemical
reactions
Specific to set
substrates
Require specific
pH to function
Ex: pepsin needs
pH ~2 in stomach
Muscular
contractions that
push food along
the digestive
tract
Process by which
small nutrients can
be taken into the
bloodstream for
distribution around
the body
 Villi in small
intestine
 Lg intestine
absorbs
minerals &
water
Ex: in Esphagus
Ex: in intestines
The Digestive System
“Food Tube”
Organs
 Food passes through
1) Mouth:
Fxn: Food Enters
Chemical &
Mechanical Digestion
Makes bolus
-Teeth
rip, tear, crush
= Mech. Digest
-Tongue
muscle, mixes food in
saliva
helps Chem dig.
2) Pharynx:
Fxn: Receives food
from mouth, swallowing
reflex, ensures food
goes to esophagus
Trachea & esophagus
meet here
-epiglottis
Fxn: covers trachea
when swallowing so food
enters esophagus
Soft flap of tissue
3) Esophagus:
Pushes bolus to stomach
(peristalsis)
Long muscular tube
4) Stomach: Musclar, Jshaped sac Fxn: stores
& digests food
Chem & mech Digest.
Makes chyme
-cardiac sphincter
Round muscle at top of
stomach connecting to
esophagus
-pyloric sphincter
Round muscle at bottom
of stomach connecting
to small intestine
Overview Organizer
Accessory VOCAB
Key Processes
Organs

Name: ___________
Date: ____________
VOCAB
VOCAB
Key Enzymes
Key Hormones
Help, no
food passes
a) Salivary Bolus is made
Glands
 wet, mushy ball of
3 pairs (6 food
total)
Sends
Saliva to
mouth via
ducts
Salivary
Amylase:
Breaks
complex
carbs
(starch)
into simple
carbs
N/A
-Make
Salivary
amylase
enzyme
Swallowing Reflex:
automactic reaction
Soft palate of mouth
moves back to close
nasopharynx off
Trachea moves up
Epiglottis covers
opening to trachea
N/A
N/A
Peristalsis:
A series of muscle
contractions that
push/move food
Gastric Juice:
1) Enzyme: pepsin
chemical digestion
2) Acid: HCl to activate
pepsin
3) Mucus: protects
stomach
Chyme: mixed up,
partially digested liquid
Mech Digestion:
stomach churns,
muscular contractions
N/A
N/A
Pepsin:
breaks down
protein into
amino acids
Requires
acidic
environment
Gastrin
GIP
“Food Tube”
Organs
 Food
passes
through
5) Small
Intestine
Accessory Organs
 No food present
BUT contribute to
process
a) Liver
-duodenum
-villi
b) Gall Bladder
c) Pancreas
VOCAB
Key Processes
VOCAB
Key Enzymes
VOCAB
Key Hormones
“Food Tube”
Organs
 Food
passes
through
Accessory Organs
 No food present
BUT contribute to
process
6) Large
Intestine:
a) Appendix
-cecum
-ascending
colon
-transverse
colon
-descending
colon
Rectum
Anus
VOCAB
Key Processes
VOCAB
Key Enzymes
VOCAB
Key Hormones