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Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals -Bonn Convention(Bonn, 1979) Rationale of CMS Migratory species are: • Common biological resources (shared by all Ranges States) • Vulnerable (subject to different threats in different States) • All Range States have an individual and common responsibility to conserve and sustainably use especially for future generations • Conservation requires coordinated measures through cooperation across the migratory range Migratory Birds including • Waterbirds • Seabirds • Grassland birds • Raptors Terrestrial Mammals including • Gazelles • Elephants • Bats Marine Mammals including • Seals • Dolphins / Porpoises • some large Whales Marine Turtles Fish (Sharks, Sturgeon, Giant Catfish etc.) Insects (Butterflies) Reducing the Threats to Migratory Species Globally Barriers to migration By-catch mitigation Dams Cetaceans Power lines Marine turtles Fences Albatross and Petrels Wind farms Habitat loss Threatening processes Conservation Desertification Restoration Climate change Beyond Aesthetics: Linkages between Migratory Species, Ecosystems and Sustainable Development Migratory species: • Contribute to ecosystem: Structure and function (e.g., biomass, perturbance, pollination/seed dispersal) Provisioning services (e.g., food sources) Regulating services (e.g., predation, pollination) Cultural services (e.g., spiritual, recreational, educational, symbolic) • Multi-scale contributions • Socio-economic benefits –> sustainable livelihoods Biodiversity-related Conventions Operational tools of CMS: Concerted actions, strict protection for endangered species Co-operative Agreements to restore favourable conservation status Co-operative research and conservation (projects) APPENDIX I Endangered species • Strict domestic protection measures • Conservation / and restoration of critical habitat • Removal or mitigation of obstacles to migration APPENDIX II Instruments for species conservation: • Agreements / Action Plans (legally-binding) • Memoranda of Understanding / Action Plans • Action Plans (stand-alone) III. Selected CMS-sponsored Projects Lesser whitefronted goose Slender-billed curlew Siberian crane (as of 1 Feb. 2003) White-headed duck Grassland birds Ferruginous duck Flamingo Antelopes Huelmul deer La Plata dolphin Green turtle West African cetaceans Marine turtle by-catch Marine otter; Humboldt penguin SE Asian cetaceans Indo-Pacific turtle genetics Ruddy-headed goose GEF Project: Asian Wetlands for Siberian Cranes and other Waterbirds • Participating countries: Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Iran, China • Initial GEF funding: $350,000 • Full project: 5 years, $10.5 million ($12 million co-financing) • Partners: CMS - ICF - UNEP AEWA: Wetlands for African-Eurasian Waterbirds • 12 demonstration sites • $12 million dollars (GEF) • Co-financing: Germany and Netherlands • Partners: AEWA and Ramsar Major CMS COP7 Outcomes • 41 new species added: App. I (21) and App. II (20) • Minimising threats: EIA, by-catch, oil pollution, electrocution risks and wind turbines • CBD/CMS Joint Work Programme adopted • Institutional MoUs with UNESCO and CITES signed • New Agreements sought for small cetaceans and sirenians • Support for America Pacific Flyway Program • Sustainable use guidelines for Leatherback turtle CMS Western Hemisphere Facts at a Glance • Membership Latin America: 8 Parties Caribbean: 3 Parties [North America: 1 MoU signatory (IOSEA)] • 10 projects: past, present and future (since 1999) US$180,275 Marine and terrestrial mammals (e.g., surveys/conservation actions) Terrestrial and sea birds (e.g., fishing impacts) Marine turtles (e.g., by-catch) CMS Western Hemisphere Facts at a Glance • Latin American Regional Workshop (2001) • Future possible Agreements Andean flamingo Ruddy-headed goose America Pacific flyway (water birds) (?) Raptors (?) Small cetaceans (?) Bats (?) • Co-operative relationships Inter-American Turtles Convention Cartagena Convention CMS Strengths / Innovative features • Species and habitat-based approach / focus • Continual evolution, adaptation through Agreements • Pragmatic stance vis-à-vis non-Parties • Stable atmosphere for debate • Solid support from key countries • Strong NGO partnerships E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.cms.int For more information: CMS publications / contacts Photo credits: BIOS Photo Agency, Lincoln P. Brower, Jacques Fretey, F. Graner, F. R. Greenaway, Christine Hemer, Douglas Hykle, International Crane Foundation, Paul Vescci