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NAME ____________________________ Circulatory System Test REVIEW Multiple Choice __A__ 1. Of the following, which is NOT involved in pulmonary circulation? a. coronary artery c. right ventricle b. left atrium d. pulmonary vein _D___ 2. The heart of a human contains ____ chamber(s). a. one c. three b. two d. four __D__ 3. Blood is a tissue that consists of ____. a. cells c. liquid b. cell fragments d. all of the above __D__ 4. Of the following, which is NOT involved in systemic circulation? a. aorta c. inferior vena cava b. superior vena cava d. pulmonary artery __A__ 5. Of the following, which is NOT a function of blood? a. digestion c. carries oxygen b. carries waste products d. carries nutrients Completion 6. The production of increased numbers of immature white blood cells is a disease called __leukemia__________________. 7. __anemia__________________ is a blood disorder of the red blood cells in which tissues can't get enough oxygen. 8. The four common human blood types are _____A, B, AB & O Matching a. b. c. d. e. _F___ 9. _I___ 10. _C___ 11. __G__ 12. __E__ 13. _A___ 14. _D___ 15. _H___ 16. _B___ 17. capillaries pulmonary circulation arteries systemic circulation blood pressure f. g. h. i. atria coronary circulation ventricles veins upper chambers of the heart vessels that move blood toward the heart vessels that move blood away from the heart the flow of blood to the tissues of the heart a force exerted on the walls of blood vessels by blood tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins the flow of blood to all body tissues except heart and lungs lower chambers of the heart the flow of blood through heart to lungs and back to heart Short Answer 18. You have had an accident and need a blood transfusion. You have type B blood. Your mother has type O. Can she give her blood to you? Yes. Type B blood has only antibodies against type A blood so you can receive O or B blood if the Rh factors are compatible. 19. Explain the blood clotting process. Platelets stick to a wound and release chemicals, then clotting factors carry out chemical reactions that cause fibrin to form a sticky net. This net traps escaping blood cells and plasma and forms a clot. After the clot hardens, skin cells begin repairing the area. 20. Why is the pulmonary vein the only oxygen-rich vein in your body? because it brings blood to the heart from the lungs, where it picks up oxygen 21. What is the purpose of pulmonary circulation? to take blood to the lungs to release carbon dioxide and pick up oxygen for respiration 22. Type AB blood can receive blood from all other blood types but can donate only to other AB blood types. Why? All other blood types have antibodies that will clump type AB blood. AB blood has no antibodies, so it will not clump any donated blood. 23. Name the parts of blood and describe their functions. Blood consists of plasma, the liquid part of blood that carries nutrients and oxygen, red blood cells that carry oxygen and carbon dioxide, white blood cells that fight viruses and bacteria, and platelets, which are cell fragments that help to clot blood. 24. Why would physicians treat leukemia by transplanting bone marrow from a healthy person to the sick person? White blood cells are produced in bone marrow. The bone marrow of the leukemia patient produces immature white blood cells, but new marrow from a transplant may produce normal, mature ones. 25. What are the four functions of blood? Blood carries oxygen from the lungs to body cells and carries carbon dioxide back to the lungs; blood carries waste products from cells to the kidneys; blood transports nutrients to body cells; blood contains cells and molecules that fight infections and heal wounds. 26. Describe systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Systolic pressure is a measure of the pressure caused when ventricles contract and blood is pushed out of the heart. It is indicated by the first of two numbers used to express blood pressure. Diastolic pressure is a measure of the pressure that occurs as the ventricles fill with blood just before they contract again. It is indicated by the second of two numbers used to express blood pressure. 27. Why are there no valves in arteries? Blood in the arteries is pushed along by the pumping of the heart and the smooth muscles of the artery walls. 28. What are some steps you can take to prevent cardiovascular disease? regular checkups, a healthful diet, exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, reducing stress, not smoking 29. Why are there 5 million red blood cells but only 10,000 white blood cells in your body? You need red blood cells every minute to carry oxygen and carbon dioxide. White blood cells are needed only when your body is attacked by pathogens. 30. Why are the walls of capillaries only one cell thick? Oxygen and nutrients must diffuse to body cells through the capillary walls, and carbon dioxide and wastes diffuse from body cells to the capillaries in the same way 31. Place in order the path that blood takes in your body, beginning with blood entering the heart from the body tissues: ___2___ right atrium contracts and blood enters right ventricle __4____ blood leaves right ventricle in pulmonary arteries ___7___ left atrium contracts and blood enters left ventricle __1____ blood enters right atrium in veins from body tissue ___6___ oxygen-rich blood returns to left atrium ___3___ right ventricle contracts ___9___ blood leaves heart in arteries to body tissues __5____ blood in pulmonary arteries exchanges carbon dioxide for oxygen ___8___ left ventricle contracts Figure 14-1 32. Name structure A in Figure 14-1. Right Atrium 33. Name structure B in Figure 14-1. Superior 34. Name structure C in Figure 14-1. Vena Cava Aorta 35. Name structure D in Figure 14-1. Pulmonary Artery 36. Name structure E in Figure 14-1. Left Atrium 37. Name structure F in Figure 14-1. Left Ventricle 38. Name structure G in Figure 14-1. Right Ventricle 39. Name structure H in Figure 14-1. Inferior Vena Cava