Download Test 5 Review Test 5 Review

Test 5 Review
AP Physics/MTHS/Matthews
Name: ____________________________________
Part 1: Minds on Physics
Directions: On your computer, go to http://www.physicsclassroom.com/mop/module. You will need Adobe
Flash in order for the program to run. Click Continue, then For Practice. Choose Mechanics > Circular Motion
and Gravitation and then later Momentum and Collisions and complete the following 8 assignments. For each
set note how many you got correct out of how many questions were asked.
Topic
Circular Motion and Gravitation
Momentum and Collisions
Assignment
CG3
CG4
CG5
CG6
MC4
MC5
MC6
MC7
# correct/#possible
Part 2: Calculations: Circular & Gravitation
Directions: Answer the following questions in the space provided. Show any and all necessary work.
(1) Consider a roulette wheel as shown, where the radius of the wheel is R = 0.850 m. A
ball, which has a mass of 135 grams, is thrown into the roulette wheel after which it rotates
counter-clockwise with a speed of v = 3.40 m/sec.
a. What is the magnitude and direction of the centripetal acceleration of this ball?
b. What is the magnitude and direction of the centripetal force acting on this ball?
c. Suppose that the ball escaped from the roulette wheel while in the position shown, what will be the direction
of motion of the ball as it exits the wheel? Justify your explanation.
(2) You are standing a distance of 17.0 meters from the center of a merry-go-round. The merry-go-round takes
9.50 seconds to go completely around once and you have a mass of 55.0 kg.
a. What will be your speed as you move around the center of the merry-go-round?
b. What will be your centripetal acceleration as you move around the center of the merry-go-round?
c. What will be the magnitude of the centripetal force necessary to keep your body moving around the center
of this merry-go-round at the calculated speed?
d. How much frictional force will be applied to you by the surface of the merry-go-round?
e. What is the minimum coefficient of friction between your shoes and the surface of the merry-go-round?
(3) A 0.10-kilogram solid rubber ball is attached to the end of a 0.80-m
length of light thread. The ball is swung in a vertical circle. Point P, the
lowest point of the circle, is 0.20 m above the floor. The speed of the ball at
the top of the circle is 6.0 m/s and at the bottom is 8.2 m/s.
a. Draw a free body diagram for the ball at the top and bottom of its circular
path.
b. Determine the tension in the thread at the top and the bottom of the circle.
The ball only reaches the top of the circle once before the thread breaks when the ball is at the lowest point of
the circle.
c. Determine the horizontal distance that the ball travels before hitting the floor.
(4) A rubber stopper, which has a mass of m = 14.5 grams, is tied to the end of a
string which is threaded through a glass tube. A student then spins the
rubber stopper about his head in a horizontal circle as shown. The stopper
sags α = 18.0˙ below the horizontal as shown and the distance from the top
of the tube to the stopper is L = 1.25
m.
a. Draw a free body diagram for the
rubber stopper at the position shown.
b. What will be the magnitude of the centripetal force acting on the stopper?
c. What is the speed of the stopper?
d. What is the tension in the string?
e. How much Mass M is hanging on the end of the string? (it’s not your answer on “d” divided by 10).
rE = 6.39 x 106 m
rJupiter = 7.15 x 107 m
mE = 5.98 x 1024 kg
mMoon = 7.35 x 1022 kg
mJupiter = 1.90 x 1027 kg
mSun = 1.99 x 1030 kg
rSun-Moon = 1.495 x 1011 m
rEarth-Moon = 3.844 x 108 m
(5) Compare the gravitational forces on the Earth’s Moon by completing each of the following.
a. Draw free body diagrams for the Sun and Moon system, and the Earth and Moon system.
b. Calculate the gravitational force between the Sun and the Moon.
c. Calculate the gravitational force between the Earth and the Moon.
d. Explain your findings: why is one pair of forces so much greater?
(6) A satellite is orbiting the Earth at an altitude of 2500 km above the Earth’s surface.
a. What velocity is required for this satellite to maintain a stable orbit?
b. What will be the orbital period of this satellite?
(7) NASA wishes to install a geosynchronous satellite above Jupiter, to watch over the great dust storm. The
Jupiter day is just 10 Earth hours long.
a. What velocity is required to maintain a geosynchronous orbit above Jupiter?
b. What will be the altitude of this orbit?
Part 3: Calculations: Momentum & Collisions
Directions: Answer the following questions in the space provided. Show any and all necessary work.
(8) A block of mass M1 travels horizontally with a constant speed v0 on a
plateau of height H until it comes to a cliff. A toboggan of mass M2 is
positioned on level ground below the cliff as shown above. The center of
the toboggan is a distance D from the base of the cliff. [72]
a. Determine D in terms of v0, H, and g so that the block lands in the
center of the toboggan.
b. The block sticks to the toboggan which is free to slide without friction. Determine the resulting velocity of the
block and toboggan.
(9) A bullet of mass m and velocity v0 is fired toward a block
of mass 4m. The block is initially at rest on a frictionless
horizontal surface. The bullet penetrates the block and
emerges with a velocity of . [76]
a. Determine the final speed of the block.
b. Determine the ratio of the loss in kinetic energy of the bullet to the gain in kinetic energy of the block.
(10) Two identical objects A and B of mass M move on a
horizontal air track. Object B initially moves to the right with
speed vo. Object A initially moves to the right with speed 3vo,
so that it collides with object B. Friction is negligible. Express
your answers to the following in terms of M and vo. [96]
a. Determine the total momentum of the system of the two objects.
b. A student predicts that the collision will be inelastic and that the two will stick together and move as a unit.
Assuming this is true, determine the velocity (magnitude and direction) following for the two objects
immediately after the collision.
When the experiment is performed, the student is surprised to observe that the objects separate after the
collision and that object B subsequently moves to the right with a speed 2.5vo .
c. Determine the velocity (magnitude and direction) for object A immediately after the collision.
d. Determine the kinetic energy dissipated in the actual experiment.
(11) A 2.0 kg frictionless cart is moving at a constant speed
of 3.0 m/s to the right on a horizontal surface, when it
collides with a second cart of mass m initially at rest.
The force F of the collision as a function of time t is
shown in the graph, where t = 0 is the instant of initial
contact. As a result of the collision, the second cart
acquires a speed of 1.6 m/s to the right. Assume that
friction is negligible. [02B]
a. Calculate the magnitude and direction of the velocity of
the 2.0 kg cart after the collision.
b. Calculate the mass m of the second cart.
(12) In an experiment on a table a
target ball C of mass 0.10 kg is struck
by ball A. The incident ball A slides at
1.4 m/s and makes a glancing
collision with the target ball C that is
at rest at the edge of the table. The
target ball C strikes the floor at point
P, which is at a horizontal
displacement of 0.15 m from the point of the collision, and at a horizontal angle of 30° from the +x-axis.
a. Calculate the speed v of the target ball C immediately after the collision.
b. Calculate the y-component of incident ball A's momentum immediately after the collision.
(13) A 2-kilogram block initially hangs at rest at the end of two 1-meter strings of negligible mass as shown on
the left diagram. A 0.003-kilogram bullet, moving horizontally with a speed of 1000 meters per second,
strikes the block and becomes embedded in it. After the collision, the bullet/ block combination swings
upward, but does not rotate. [85]
a. Calculate the speed v of the bullet/ block combination just after the collision.
b. Calculate the ratio of the initial kinetic energy of the bullet to the kinetic energy of the bullet/ block
combination immediately after the collision.
c. Calculate the maximum vertical height above the initial rest position reached by the bullet/block
combination.
CONGRATS!!! That’s a lot of work. I hope you do well on your test .