Download midterm study guide 2014 - Newark Catholic High School

Honor’s Biology & Biology 1
Mid-finals study guide
Honor’s Biology will have a different test
Chapter 1
1. Recognize some possible benefits from studying biology
2. Know the ‘scientific method’ and how to use/recognize parts of this method.
3. Differentiate among hypothesis, theory, and principle.
4. Compare and contrast quantitative and qualitative information
5. Explain why science and technology cannot solve all problems.
Vocabulary for Chapter 1
Biology
Species
Stimulus
Adaptation
organism
Growth
Response
Evolution
organization
development
Homeostasis
reproduction
environment
Energy
Chapter 2
6. Distinguish between the biotic and abiotic factors in the environment.
7. Compare the different levels of biological organization and living relationships important
in ecology.
8. Explain the difference between a niche and habitat.
9. Compare how organisms satisfy their nutritional needs.
10. Trace the path of energy and matter in an ecosystem. (big!)
11. Analyze how matter is cycled in the abiotic and biotic parts of the biosphere.
12. What is the relationship between a food chain and a food web?
13. Compare the pyramid of numbers, energy and biomass.
14. Know the cycling of Carbon, Nitrogen and Water.
Vocabulary for Chapter 2
Ecology biosphere
Biological community
Symbiosis
Autotroph
Food web
abiotic factor
ecosystem
commensalisms
decomposer
biomass
biotic factor
habitat
mutualism
food chain
heterotroph
population
niche
parasitism
trophic level
Chapter 3
15. Identify some common limiting factors
16. Explain how limiting factors and ranges of tolerance affect distribution of organisms.
17. Sequence the stages of ecological succession.
18. Describe the conditions under which primary and secondary succession take place.
19. Compare and contrast the photic and aphotic zones of marine biomes.
20. Identify the major limiting factors affecting distribution of terrestrial biomes
21. Distinguish among biomes.
Vocabulary for Chapter 3
Biosphere
Biome
Estuary
Plankton
Taiga
Desert
Tropical rain forest
Primary succession
Secondary Succession
Photic zone
Aphotic zone
Tundra
Intertidal zone
Grassland
Temperate deciduous forest
Limiting factor Tolerance
Climax community
Chapter 4
22. Compare and contrast exponential and linear population growth
23. Relate the reproductive patterns of different populations of organisms to models of
population growth
24. Predict effects of environmental factors on population growth.
25. Identify how the birthrate and death rate affect the rate at which a population
changes.
26. Compare the age structure of rapidly growing, slow-growing, and no-growth countries.
27. Explain the relationship between a population and the environment.
Vocabulary for Chapter 4
Limiting factor
Demography
Doubling time
Age structure
Exponential growth
Density-dependent factor
Birthrate
Death rate
Carrying capacity
Life-history pattern
Density-independent factor
Chapter 5
28. Explain biodiversity and its importance
29. Relate various threats to the loss of biodiversity.
30. Describe strategies used in conservation biology
31. Relate success in protecting an endangered species to the methods used to protect it
Vocabulary for Chapter 5
Conservation biology
Reintroduction
Extinction
Habitat fragmentation
Acid precipitation
Natural resources
Captivity
Endangered species
Edge effect
Ozone layer
Habitat corridors
Biodiversity
Threatened species
Habitat degradation
Exotic species
Chapter 6
32. Relate the structure of an atom to the identity of elements.
33. Relate the formation of covalent and ionic chemical bonds to each other.
34. Distinguish mixtures and solutions
35. Define acids and bases and relate their importance to biological systems.
36. Relate water’s unique features to polarity
37. Identify how the process of diffusion occurs and why it is important to cells.
38. Classify the variety of organic compounds.
39. Compare the chemical structures of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids,
and relate their importance to living things.
40. Identify the effects of enzymes.
Chapter 6 vocabulary
Element
Covalent bond
Mixture
Diffusion
Atom
Nucleus
Molecule
Ion
Solution
pH
Dynamic Equilibrium
Isotope
Ionic bond
Acid
Vander Walls
Compound
Metabolism
Base
Forces
Chapter 7
41. Relate advances in microscope technology to discoveries about cells and cell structure
42. Compare the operation of a compound light microscope with that of an electron
microscope.
43. Identify the main ideas of the cell theory.
44. Describe how a cell’s plasma membrane functions.
45. Relate the function of the plasma membrane to the fluid mosaic model
46. Identify the structure and function of the parts of a typical eukaryotic cell.
47. Explain the advantages of highly folded membranes in cells.
48. Compare and contrast the structures of plant and animal cells
49. Explain how the processes of diffusion, passive transport, and active transport occur
and why they are important to cells.
50. Predict the effect of a hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic solution on a cell
Chapter 7 vocabulary
Cell Wall
Chromatin
Vacuole
Lysosome
Cytoskeleton Microtubule
Cell
Cell Theory
Nucleus
Eukaryote
Fluid mosaic model
Isotonic
Hypertonic
Active Transport
Nucleolus
Ribosome
Chloroplast
Chlorophyll
Cilia
Flagell
Organelle
Prokaryote
Plasma Membrane
Transport Protein
Hypotonic
Endocytosis
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Golgi Apparatus
Electron Microscope
Selectively permeable
Osmosis
Passive Transport
Exocytosis
Chapter 8
56. Explain why organisms need a constant supply of energy.
57. Describe how energy is stored and released by ATP.
58. Relate the structure of chloroplasts to the events in photosynthesis.
59. Describe light-dependent reactions and what is involved.
60. Explain the reactions and products of the light independent cycle.
61. Compare and contrast cellular respiration and fermentation
62. Explain how cells obtain energy from cellular respiration
Chapter 8 vocabulary
Bold type-Honor’s Bio only
Cellular respiration
Anaerobic
Aerobic
Glycolsis
Citric Acid Cycle
Lactic Acid
ATP
ADP
Photosynthesis
Light dependent reactions
Light independent reactions pigment
Chlorophyll
Electron Transport Chain
NADPH
Photolysis
Calvin Cycle
Chapter 9
(I will let you know if this is on the midterm)
51. Sequence the events of the cell cycle.
52. Relate the function of a cell to its organization in tissues, organs, and organ systems.
53. Describe the role of enzymes in the regulation of the cell cycle.
54. Distinguish between the events of a normal cell cycle and the abnormal events that
result in cancer.
55. Identify ways to potentially reduce the risk of cancer.
Chapter 9 vocabulary
Cancer
Interphase
Centriole
Cytokinesis
Gene
Mitosis
Spindle
Tissue
Chromosome
Prophase
Metaphase
Organ
Chromatin
Cell Cycle
Centromere
Sister chromatid
Anaphase
Telophase
Organ System