Download preparing for the scholars` challenge

PREPARING FOR THE
SCHOLARS’
CHALLENGE
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PART 1
SPELLING BEE
VOCABULARY RELAY
GRAMMAR RELAY
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SPELLING BEE
Using your spelling spiral, study all of your spelling units and challenge words
from the beginning of the school year to the present.
VOCABULARY RELAY
Words used in the competition are taken from VIA Book F, VIA Book G, and
Wordly Wise Level 6. You should know:
 definitions of the words
 synonyms
 antonyms
 how to use the words in context (fill-ins)
GRAMMAR RELAY
1. Be able to recognize all eight parts of speech: (nouns, pronouns, verbs,
adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections)
2. Recognize nouns forms:
 common or proper
 abstract nouns
 collective nouns
 count or noncount nouns
 singular and plural nouns
 possessive nouns
3. Recognize noun case and function
A. Nominative Case
 subject
 subject complement
 nouns of direct address
 appositive to noun in nominative case
B. Objective Case
 direct object
 indirect object
 object of a preposition
 appositive to a noun in objective case
C. Possessive Case
4. Pronoun Forms
 personal pronouns
a. subject pronouns
b. object pronouns
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c. compound personal pronouns
1. intensive pronouns
2. reflexive pronouns
 demonstrative pronouns
 interrogative pronouns
 indefinite pronouns
5. Agreement of pronouns and antecedents
6. Recognize pronoun case and function:
A. Nominative Case
 subject
 subject complement
 nouns of direct address
 appositive to noun in nominative case
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B. Objective Case
direct object
indirect object
object of a preposition
appositive to a noun in objective case
C. Possessive Case
7. Recognize Adjectives
A. descriptive adjectives
B. numerical adjectives
C. definite and indefinite articles
D. position of adjectives (preceding a noun, used as subjective complement)
E. comparison of adjectives (positive, comparative, superlative)
F. demonstrative adjectives
G. interrogative adjectives
H. indefinite adjectives
I. adjective phrases (prepositional phrases used as adjectives)
8. Verbs
A. principal parts of verbs
B. verb phrases: main verbs and auxiliary verbs
C. action verbs and linking verbs
D. transitive and intransitive verbs
E. simple verb tenses
F. progressive tenses
G. perfect tenses
H. subject-verb agreement
I. active and passive voice
J. mood
1. indicative mood\
2. emphatic mood
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3. imperative mood
4. subjunctive mood
k. modal auxiliaries
9. Recognize Adverbs
A. adverbs of time
B. adverbs of place
C. adverbs of manner
D. adverbs of degree
E. adverbs of affirmation or negation
F. comparison of adverbs (positive, comparative, superlative)
G. adverb phrases (prepositional phrases used as adverbs)
H. adverb clauses
10. Understand Sentence Structure
A. subjects and predicates
B. natural and inverted order
C. kinds of sentences
1. declarative
2. imperative
3. interrogative
4. exclamatory
D. sentence types
1. simple sentences
2. simples sentences with compound parts
3. compound sentences ( two independent clauses)
5. complex sentences (independent clause + dependent clause)
6. phrases
7. clauses (dependent and independent)
11. Recognize Conjunctions
A. coordinate conjunctions
B. subordinate conjunctions
C. correlative conjunctions
12. Recognize Interjections
13. Punctuation
A. End marks (period, question mark, exclamation point)
B. commas
1. in a series
2. in addresses, dates, and geographic names
3. to set off an appositive that is nonrestrictive
4. to separate the clauses of a compound sentence connected by
coordinating conjunctions
5. to set off direct quotations
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C. semicolons
1. to separate the clauses of a compound sentence when they are not
separated by a coordinating clause
2. to separate items in a series when the items themselves contain
commas
D. Colons
1. after the salutation of a business letter
2. before a list of items
E. Quotation Marks
1. to set of direct quotations
2. to set off titles of songs, short stories, poems, magazine articles,
newspaper articles, and episodes of TV shows
F. Underlining: when handwriting, titles of books, magazines, newspapers,
movies, plays, operas, TV series, and works of art (when typing, these
are italicized instead)
G. Apostrophes
1. to show possession
2. in contractions
3. used with s to show the plural of a lowercase letter (n’s)
H. Hyphens
1. to divide a word at the end of a line
2. in compound numbers from twenty-one to ninety-nine)
3. to separate parts of some compound words
I. Capitalization
1. the first word in a sentence
2. the pronoun “I”
3. the first word of a direct quotation
4. a proper noun or proper adjective
5. a title before a name
6. North, South, East, and West when they refer to regions of the
country (but not when they refer to direction)
7. each principal word in a title (but not a, an, the, and, or but, or
prepositions unless they are the first or last word in the title)
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Be able to diagram
subject and predicate
direct and indirect objects
subject complements
appositives
intensive and reflexive pronouns
prepositional phrases
compound sentence parts
compound sentences
interjections
adverb clauses
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PART 2
MATH BASEBALL
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MATH BASEBALL
1. Number sense and whole number computation
 place value through hundred-trilliions
 comparing, ordering, and rounding whole numbers
 exponents
 powers of ten
 scientific notation
 order of operations
 divisibility rules
 prime and composite numbers and prime factorization
 properties of addition and multiplication
 estimation in addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
 computation of whole numbers: addition, subtraction, multiplication,
division
 multiplication and division by powers of ten
2. Decimal concepts and operations
 decimal place value
 compare, order, and round decimals
 estimate decimal sums, differences, products, and quotients
 perform operations with decimals: addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division
 multiplication and division of decimals by powers of 10
 repeating and termination decimals
3. Fraction concepts and operations
 understand meaning of fractions
 find equivalent fractions
 compare and order fractions; compare fractions and decimals
 reduce fractions to lowest terms
 find greatest common factor
 find least common multiple (or denominator)
 change mixed numbers to improper fractions and improper fractions to
mixed numbers
 estimate fraction sums, differences,. products, and quotients
 add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions
 add, subtract, multiply, and divide mixed numbers
 convert fractions to decimals and decimals to fractions
4. Ratio, Proportions, and Percents
 understand ratio; state ratios in three ways
 understand rate
 solve proportions
 interpret scale models
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understand map scale
solve ratios with similar triangles
understand the meaning of percent
understand percent greater than 100% and less than 1%
find percent of number
convert among decimals, fractions, and percent
find number when a percent is known]
find the percent that one number is of another
sales tax, interest, commission, discount
5. Data, Graphing, Statistics, and Probability
 understand the meaning of graphs
 understand and interpret line graphs, bar graphs, circle (pie) graphs
 recognize outliers in a set of data values
 be able to find range, scale, mode, median, and mean
 understand and be able to create stem and leaf plots
 understand and be able to create line plots
 understand and be able to create frequency charts
 understand and interpret scatterplots and trends
 recognize misleading graphs
 recognize experimental and theoretical probabilities
 create tree diagrams
 calculate probability of compound events with and without replacement
6. Geometry and Measurement
 recognize points, lines, rays, and segments; recognize their symbols
 recognize parallel, intersecting, perpendicular, and skew lines
 recognize and measure angles
a. acute, right, obtuse, straight angles
b. vertical angles
c. complementary and supplementary angles
 identify types of triangles
a. by side: equilateral, isosceles, scalene
b. by angle: equiangular, right, obtuse
c. given two angle measures, find third
 recognize other polygons (quadrilaterals, pentagons, octagons, etc.)
 find angle sums of polygons
 recognize similar and congruent polygons
 recognize parts of a circle: radius, diameter, chord,
 find perimeter of polygons; find circumference of circles
 calculate area of square, rectangle, triangle, parallelogram, trapezoid,
circle, irregular figures
 convert measures of metric length (meter, centimeter, etc.)
 convert measures of metric capacity (liter, milliliter, etc.)
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convert measures of metric mass (gram,. kilogram, etc.)
convert measures of customary length (inch, foot, yard, mile)
convert measures of customary capacity (ounce, cup, pint, quart, gallon)
convert measures of customary mass (ounce, pound, ton)
recognize polyhedrons (space figures): pyramid, prism, cylinder, sphere
determine faces, edges, and vertices of polyhedrons (Euler’s formula)
calculate volume of polyhedrons
calculate surface area of polyhedrons
recognize tesselations
recognize line symmetry and rotational symmetry
identify motion geometry: rotations, reflections, translations
identify and plot points on coordinate graphs with both positive and
negative coordinates
7. Algebra Concepts
 identify, order, and compare positive and negative integers
 add, subtract, multiply, and divide integers
 understand variables, constants, expressions, and equations
 solve addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division equations
 use order of operations to solve equations
 write an equation to solve a problem
 evaluate expressions and solve equations with fractions and decimals
8. Word Problems (strategies for solving)
 use logical reasoning
 use algebraic formulas or equations
 make a chart or table
 draw a picture or diagram
 multi-step problems
 guess and check
 make an organized list
 work backwards
 look for a pattern
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PART 3
SCIENCE JEOPARDY
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SCIENCE JEOPARDY
I. Matter and Chemistry Concepts
matter
volume
mass
malleable
ductile
soluble
physical change chemical change solid
gas
plasma
surface tension
evaporation
Boyle’s Law
Charles’s Law
elements
compounds
ions
pure substance physical properties chemical properties
nonmetals
solution
metalloids
alloy
conductors
suspension
atom
mass number
period
electron
atomic number
family (group)
proton
periodic table
alkali metals
transition metals
meniscus
atomic mass
taxonomy
class
species
protista
prokariotes
Linnaeus
order
scientific name
fungi
unicellular
III. Classification
classification
phylum
genus
eubacteria
animals
IV. Characteristics of Life
proteins
amino acids
enzymes
lipids
phospholipids
nucleic acids
ATP
stimulus
homeostasis
energy
metabolism
producers
decomposers
photosynthesis
six elements found in all living things
four basic needs of every living organism
inertia
density
liquid
condensation
sublimation
isotopes
metals
mixture
colloid
neutron
Gregor Mendeleev
alkaline-earth metals
kingdom
family
archaebacteria
plants
multicellular
carbohydrates
nucleotides
DNA
consumers
V. Cells
About how many cells does the human body contain?
About how many different kinds of cells does the human body contain?
cell
tissue
organ
system
organism
unicellular
multicellular
population
community
ecosystem
cell theory
cell membrane
DNA
organelle
prokaryotic
eukaryotic
cell wall
nucleus
nucleolus
ribosomes
mitochondria
chloroplasts
Golgi bodies
endoplasmic reticulum
vesicles
vacuoles
lysosomes
cytoplasm
ATP
nuclear membrane
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VI. Endocrine System
feedback controls
hormone
hypothalamus
parathyroid
pancreas
epinephrine (adrenaline)
fight or flight response
puberty
endocrine system
homeostasis
pituitary gland
thymus
ovaries
insulin
growth hormone
gland
metabolism
thyroid
adrenal glands
testes
glucose
master gland
VII. Reproductive System
asexual reproduction
internal fertilization
marsupials
binary fission
implantation
meioisis
penis
urethra
epididymis
menstruation
uterus
cervix
embryo
puberty
placenta
sexual reproduction
monotremes
budding
spore formation
egg (ovum, ova)
mitosis
semen
testis
scrotum
fallopian tubes
vagina
ovulation
zygote
ovulation
fertilization
external fertilization
placental mammals
fragmentation
fertilization
sperm
infertile
VIII. Genetics and Heredity
genes
mutation
purebred
cross-pollination
x-chromosome
base pairs
dominant trait
true-breeding
hybrid
y-chromosome
double helix
recessive trait
self-pollination
punnet square
seminiferous tubules
vas deferens
prostate gland
ovaries
urethra
placenta
fetus
umbilical cord
amnion
xy-chromosome pair
genome
xx-chromosome pair
alleles
phenotype
heterozygous
adenosine
cytosine
mRNA
autosome
James Watson
carrier
genotype
DNA
guanine
protein
tRNA
chromosome
Gregor Mendel
clone
homozygous
nucleotides
thymine
amino acids
codon
Francis Crick
hybrid
genetic engineering
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PART 4
CORE KNOWLEDGE
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CORE KNOWLEDGE JEOPARDY
I. Geography and Lakes
lake
rift valley
derrick
canal
Lake Tanganyika Lake Victoria
The Great Lakes Lake Maracaibo
Lake Superior
Lake Erie
Lake Baikal
Caspian Sea
All states and capital of the U.S.
II. Renaissance Art
A. Artists
Verrochio
Raphael
Leonardo
Michelangelo
Ghirlandaio Donatello
Boccaccio
Durer
game reserve
lock
gulf
Zaire
Lake Titicaca
Lake Huron
Lake Ontario
Aral Sea
Lake Chad
Lake Michigan
Niagara Falls
Titian
Jan van Eyck
Brunelleschi
Massaccio
Petrus Christus
Hans Holbein
Bruegel
Artemesia Gentilleschi
Lorenzo Ghiberti
B. Art
Marriage of the Virgin
St. Eligius
The Moses
The Creation of Adam
Lady with an Ermine
Arnolfini’s Wedding
Old Man and His Grandson
The Birth of Venus
The Duomo
C. Art Techniques
linear perspective
sfumato
triangular composition
The School of Athens
Pope Julius II
The David
The Pieta
The Holy Family
The Sistine Chapel
The Last Judgment
The Mona Lisa
The Last Supper
Vitruvian Man
The Ambassadors
The Harvesters
The Bronze David
Primavera
Leonardo’s angel
Judith Slaying Holosfernes
Dome of St. Peter’s Basilica
aerial perspective
fresco
contrapposto
III. Renaissance people, places, and terms
Florence
Venice
Francesco Petrarch Dante Alighieri
Miguel de Cervantes Giovanni Boccaccio
Niccolo Machiavelli William Shakespeare
Pico della Mirandola Geoffrey Chaucer
Johannes Gutenberg Gargantua and Pantagruel
The Decameron
The Praise of Folly
The Italian sonnet
humanism
chiaroscuro
tempera
anamorphosis
Rome
Baldassar Castiglione
Desiderio Erasmus
Francois Rabelais
Aldus Manutius
Macbeth
The Prince
The Adventures of Don Quixote
The Courtier
A Midsummer Night’s Dream
Oration on the Dignity of Man
Cosimo de Medici
Lorenzo de Medici
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artisan
Pope Julius II
Pope Clement VII
sack of Rome
sprezzatura
Lucrezia Borgia
IV. England
Mary Tudor
progresses
Ann Boleyn
Mary, Queen of Scots
Parliament
Globe Theater
Sir Walter Raleigh
James Stuart
Puritans
King Charles I
Roundheads
Royalists
treason
sword rule
bubonic plague
William of Orange
English Bill of Rights
apothecary
Pope Sixtus IV
basilica
Renaissance man
Roderigo Borgia
machiavellian
Pope Nicholas V
Pope Leo X
indulgences
courtier
Cesare Borgia
quixotic
Edward VI
coronation
Elizabeth I
Church of England
aristocrat
Sir Francis Drake
Roanoke
Jamestown
Pilgrims
Presbyterians
Cavaliers
gentry
Lord Protector
King Charles II
King James II
“Protestant Wind”
Invincible Armada
King Henry VIII
Catherine of Aragon
Tower of London
William Shakespeare
galleon
King Phillip II of Spain
divine right of kings
Plymouth
Parliament
Oliver Cromwell
New Model Army
The Restoration
Royal Oak
Immortal Seven
the Glorious Revolution
V. Japan
archipelago
Honshu
Amaterasu
Nara
typhoon
nirvana
Four Noble Truths
samurai
daimyo
haiku
Basho
kamikazi
Edo
five major islands
Tokyo
Shinto
Fuji
Eightfold Path
enlightenment
Nippon
Yoritomo
Code of Bushido
kabuki
Mongols
Jesuits
Matthew Perry
ring of fire
Yamoto clan
Buddhism
kami
dharma wheel
Siddhartha Guatama
Zen
shogun
seppuku
Noh
Kublai Khan
Nagasaki
VI. Russia
Slavs
Rus
Constantinople
Princess Olga
Vikings
tribute
Kiev
Igor
Scandinavia
icons
Byzantine Empire
patriarch
Mongols
Prince Vladimir
Orthodox Christianity
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steppe
Moscow
boyars
Sophia
St. Basil’s
Siberia
Mikhail Romanov
St. Petersburg
Urals
Muscovy
czar
serf
time of troubles
Tartars
Prince Ivan I
Ivan III (Ivan the Great)
kremlin
czarina
Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible)
Odessa
Ivan Romanov
Peter the Great
VII. American History Before the Civil War
Daniel Boone
Wilderness Trail
flatboats
Northwest Territory
William Clark
Thomas Jefferson
Mandan Indians
Charbonneau
Shoshone Indians
Hidatsa Indians
Zebulon Pike
Pike’s Peak
William Henry Harrison Tecumseh
Tippecanoe
War of 1812
turnpike
steamboat
paddle wheels
steam engine
Fulton’s Folly
DeWitt Clinton
Peter Cooper
Indian Territory
Five Civilized Tribes Sequoya
stockades
Seminole Indians
Osceola
Everglades
Boonesboro
Louisiana Territory
Merriwether Lewis
Sacagawea
Continental Divide
Battle of Fallen Timbers
Shawnee Indians
stagecoach
Robert Fulton
Clermont
Erie Canal
Indian Removal Act
Andrew Jackson
Trail of Tears
Manifest Destiny
VIII. Local History
Chief Mahackemo
fodder
country pay
West Indies
Middlesex
George Gorham
flax and hemp
sawmill
King’s Highway
Congregational Church
Daniel Patrick
maize
grist mill
Country Road
cider
VIII. Civil War
A. Causes of the Civil War
Maj. Robert Anderson
Gen. P.G.T Beauregard
William Lloyd Garrison
Sen. Charles Sumner
Roger B. Taney
Preston Brooks
Dred Scott
cotton gin
Mexican Cession
Underground Railroad
Pottawatomie Massacre
Know-Nothing Party
Abner Doubleday
Booker T. Washington
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Stephen A. Douglas
Border Ruffians
Jayhawkers
Fort Sumter
Missouri Compromise
Compromise of 1850
Kansas-Nebraska Act
Dred Scott Decision
Republican Party
Eli Whitney
John C. Calhoun
Nat Turner
Henry Clay
Harriet Tubman
John Brown
states’ rights
abolitionists
Fugitive Slave Act
popular sovereignty
Harper’s Ferry
disunion
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secession
Free Soil Party
B. LIFE OF A SOLDIER
Zouaves
bounty jumpers
skedaddle
flank
outflank
bayonet
haversack
foraging
hardtack
guidon
color guard
bombproof
cavalry
commutation fee
dessicated vegetables
teamster
Army of the Potomac
B. CIVIL WAR BATTLES
Fort Sumter
Seven Days’ Battles
Battle of Chancellorsville
Gen. Irvin McDowell
Gen. Joe Hooker
Sgt. Richard Kirkland
Battle of Gettysburg
General Robert E. Lee
Gen. John Reynolds
Gen. Richard Ewell
Gen. Jubal Early
Gen. Governeur Warren
Marcellus Jones
Gen. JEB Stuart
Tille Pierce
Cemetery Hill
The Peach Orchard
Little Round Top
Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock
Gen. Oliver Otis Howard
Southern Democrats
Northern Democrats
kepi
goober peas
housewife
rout
battery
siege
Minie ball
ration
kush
skillygallee
chaplain
dog tent
infantry
Conscription Act
substitute
Andersonville
Army of Northern Virginia
knapsack
picket
shirker
campaign
guerillas
seeing the elephant
repeating rifle
mess
shebang
Sibley tent
sutler
battle honors
artillery
train
engineer
Commissary Dept.
1st Battle of Bull Run
Battle of Fredericksburg
the Mud March
Gen. George McClellan
Gen. Stonewall Jackson
2nd Battle of Bull Run
Battle of Antietam
Marye’s Heights
Ambrose Burnside
Gen. John Pope
Gen. George G. Meade
Col. Joshua L.. Chamberlain
Gen. James Longstreet
Gen. Dan Sickles
Porter Alexander
Henry Heth
John Burns
Jenny Wade
Culp’s Hill
the Wheatfield
the Slaughter Pen
Gen. Lewis Armistead
Harrison
John Buford
Gen. A.P. Hill
Gen. George Picket
George Sandoe
Gen. John Bell Hood
Hettie Schriver
Seminary Ridge
Devil’s Den
(Big) Round Top
Bloody Run
Gen. Adelbert Ames
C. The 17th Connecticut Volunteers
Camp Aiken
Seaside Park
P.T. Barnum
Tom Thumb
Douglas Fowler
Alan Brady
Franz Sigel
Camp Nellie Seward
Col. William Noble
Elias Howe, Jr.
General Wool
Fort Marshall
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Tenallytown
Joseph Hawkins
Thoroughfare Gap
Chancellorsville
Welaka, FL
Louisiana Tigers
corduroy roads
Enfield rifles
Brooke’s Station
Gen. Joe Hooker
Barlow’s Knoll
Andersonville
Kill von Krull
Fort Kearney
11th Corps
Hubert Dilger
Cemetery Hill
Libby Prison
PART 5
SPORTSMANSHIP
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