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Review Guide
Unit 3 Minerals and Rocks
Matter
1. What is the name of the columns on the periodic table?
2. What is the name of the rows on the periodic table?
3. What can the column number tell us about the atoms in them?
4. What makes up the nucleus of an atom?
5. Which subatomic particle is negative and orbiting the nucleus?
6. What does atomic number tell us?
7. The atomic mass of Carbon is 12.011, its atomic number is six, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons?
8. What is a valence electron?
9. Sulfur is in group six, how many valence electrons? How many bonds would it “like” to form?
10. Draw the electron dot diagram for sulfur. (Symbol is S)
11. What is an isotope?
12. What is an ion?
13. What is the difference between a cation and an anion?
14. Fill in chart
Type of Bond Atom Types
Involved
Example
Ionic
Covalent
Metallic
Minerals
15. List the 5 characteristics of a mineral
16. Are there liquid minerals?
17. Can a mineral change its chemical formula and still be the same mineral?
18. What does inorganic mean?
19. Mineral form orderly structures called _________________.
20. List 2 of the 4 processes that produce minerals.
21. What is the most common group of minerals? What elements make it up?
22. What does native element mean?
23. What do we call a minerals ability to reflect light?
24. What do we call a minerals ability to resist scratch?
25. What do we call it when a mineral breaks along clean flat planes?
26. If the breakage of a mineral is not a clean even plane it is said to ______________________.
27. What type of rock forms from cooled magma?
28. What type of rocks forms from weathering followed by compaction?
29. What type of rock forms when other rocks are exposed to heat and pressure?
30. What is the difference between an intrusive and extrusive igneous rock? (grain size and cooling)
31. What type of rock is foliated?
32. How are sedimentary rocks classified?
33.
34. Where does the energy come from that drives formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks?
35. Where does the energy come from that drives formation of sedimentary rocks?
36. What is the difference between magma and lava?
37. What type of weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces without changing their composition?
38. What type of weathering results from acid rain?
39. What type of mechanical weathering results from changes in pressure on igneous rocks?
40. What type of mechanical weathering results from water expanding when it freezes?
41. What 2 factors affect the rate of weathering?