Download Ch_12_WS_-_Pro_Synthesis ANSWERS

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Chapter 12 WS – RNA & Protein Synthesis
I. Fill in the blank to complete the paragraph about DNA & RNA.
DNA and RNA are both NUCLEIC acids, composed of monomers called NUCLEOTIDES; however, there are
differences in the make-up of their monomers. The five-carbon sugar found in DNA is DEOXYRIBOSE , while
the five-carbon sugar in RNA is RIBOSE. The nitrogen base, THYMINE is only found in DNA, while the nitrogen
base, URACIL is only found in RNA. DNA and RNA also differ structurally. The structure of DNA is a DOUBLE
HELIX , while RNA is a SINGLE HELIX. This is important because it allows RNA to leave the nucleus through
the NUCLEAR MEMBRANE and carry the code to the RIBOSOME.
II. Matching
M
1.
Process of making RNA from DNA
J
2.
Cell location for translation
mRNA 3.
Type of RNA that carries a disposable copy of DNA’s instructions
N
Conversion of genetic code to a protein; occurs at ribosome
4.
rRNA 5.
Structural component of ribosome; type of RNA
C
Coding segments of a gene; segments remaining after
6.
A. amino acids
B. DNA polymerase
C. exons
D. gene
E. hydrogen
F. introns
editing process of mRNA
G. mRNA
K
7.
Enzyme involved in transcription
H. nucleus
E
8.
Weak bonds broken when DNA is “unzipped”
I.
O
9.
Type of RNA that brings amino acids to ribosome
J. ribosome
I
10.
Process of making an exact copy of DNA
K. RNA polymerase
D
11.
Portion of DNA which codes for a protein
L. rRNA
B
12.
Enzyme involved in replication
M. transcription
H
13.
Cell location for transcription and replication
N. translation
F
14.
Nucleotide sequences in mRNA that do not code for a protein
O. tRNA
A
15.
Monomers of proteins
replication
III. Base-Pairing – Use base pairing rules to go from DNA ↔ RNA.
DNA
RNA
1.
GGC
CCG
2.
CTT
GAA
3.
CGT
GCA
4.
TAC
AUG
5.
GTT
CAA
6.
CAA
GUU
7.
GAT
CUA
8.
ACA
UGU
9.
AAA
UUU
10.
TTT
AAA
IV. Replication vs. Transcription – Complete the table by checking the correct column(s) for each description.
Description
1. Takes place in nucleus of cell
2. Occurs during S of interphase
Replication
X
Transcription
X
X
3. Occurs during G1 of interphase
X
4. Takes place in all human cells
X
5. Nucleotides move in to base pair with both sides of DNA
X
6. Nucleotides move in to base pair with one side of DNA
X
X
7. Involves “unzipping” of DNA
X
8. Occurs so cells can divide
X
9. First step in protein synthesis
X
X
10. Requires enzymes
X
X
11. Guanine base pairs with cytosine
X
X
12. Adenine base pairs with thymine
X
13. Adenine base pairs with uracil
X
14. Produces sister chromatids
X
15. Occurs in skin cells
X
X
16. Occurs in heart muscle cells
X
X