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REVIEW: STAR’S TEST 2016 What force causes particles of stellar dust to become attracted to each other ? ____gravity_____ The most widely held astronomical theory about the origin of the universe is the Big Bang theory. The fact that the spectra of stars are shifted towards the red suggests that the stars are moving _away____ Diagram the correct sequence of a star’s life cycle. Write the formula for a fusion reaction. H + H He + stuff What do each of the letters stand for in the formula E=mc2 . E energy M matter C speed of light Explain how the e and m are related. A small amount of ___matter (stuff)____ can become a huge amount of ___energy__ What is the speed of light ? 186,000 miles per second List the visible light from longest to shortest wavelengths. red orange yellow green blue indigo violet What happens to white light as it passes through a prism ? refracts (bends) Which color refracts the most and least ? most violet least red What is thought to be at the center of all galaxies ? ____black hole___ What is the name of our galaxy ? _____Milky Way_________ Approximately 90% of the visible universe’s mass is composed of ___hydrogen___ In the H-R diagram, stars are classified on the basis of size (brightness) __________ and ___color (temperature)___ A cloud of gas and dust in which a star is born is called a ____nebula___________ On the H-R Diagram which group do most stars fall? The actual brightness of a star is its _absolute___ Main Sequence__________ magnitude. How bright a star looks from Earth is called _______apparent_____ magnitude. Blue stars are hotter than red stars. What factor determines a star’s color ? _______surface temperature______________________________ The apparent magnitude of a star tells you how bright the star is as viewed from A nebula is a huge cloud of gas, primarily composed of hydrogen A nebula becomes a star when _______fusion takes place______________ Our sun is what color ? _____________yellow____________________ . Earth . Using the H-R Diagram below, answer the following questions: White dwarfs have high Supergiants have low temperature and low temperature and high A star with an absolute magnitude of -6 is brighter absolute magnitudes absolute magnitudes than a star with an absolute magnitude of +2. Answer the next questions using the following charts: What is the apparent magnitude of the sun ? ________-26.5__________ What is the apparent magnitude of Jupiter ? _______-2.0_________________________ How much brighter is the sun than Jupiter ? ____10,000,000,000_______________________ Can a 15 cm telescope see an object with an apparent magnitude of 18.5 ? ________no_________________ The top of the diagram shown below shows the spectrum of 4 elements. Use this diagram to determine which elements are in the star shown in the bottom of the diagram. Mercury, helium, hydrogen What looks like a potato, orbits the sun between Mars and Jupiter, and is made of rock ? ______asteroid_______________ A rock that hits the Earth’s surface is called a ______meteorite______. A rock that is flying through space is called a _________meteoroid________. A rock that burns up in our atmosphere is also known as “shooting star” _______meteor_____. A _____comet______ grows a coma and tail as it nears the sun. It orbits the sun. The element that is found in space rocks that is not common on Earth _____iridium___________.