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World History 2008-9 Final Review
SEMESTER ONE
Renaissance (1400-1600)
Overall Impact
Why did it start in Italy?
How did it effect the economy?
How did Renaissance art and architecture demonstrate ideals of the era?
Humanism
How did the Renaissance spread all over Europe?
Reformation (1500-1700)
What was the purpose of the Protestant Reformation?
What were the major arguments Protestants had against the church?
Describe how the Protestant Reformation was both religious and political.
How did the church respond to the Protestant Reformation?
What was the outcome of the Protestant Reformation and the Catholic Reformation or
Counter-Reformation?
Key Figures and Ideas
Martin Luther
Lutheranism
John Calvin
Calvinism
Ulrich Zwingli
Zwinglianism
John Knox
Henry VIII
Church of England
Peace of Augsburg
Council of Trent
Inquisition
Age of Exploration (1400-1700’s)
What civilizations were most active in the Age of Exploration and what made it possible?
What was the purpose of the Age of Exploration for participating civilizations?
How did explorers change the world? (Think in terms of factors of analysis.)
What was the state of the world in the 1700s broken down by region?
Absolutism (1500-1700’s)
How did Absolutism differ from feudalism?
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment in Europe (1500-1700’s)
What was the role of the scientific revolution in Europe? How does it affect us today?
- Key Terms and People
1. Newton
2. Galileo
3. Copernicus 4. Scientific Method
What was the Enlightenment challenging?
How does the Enlightenment affect us today?
1. Social Contract
2. State of Nature
5. Thomas Hobbes 6. Separation of Powers
8. Enlighten despots
3. Natural Rights
4. John Locke
7. Religious Freedom
French Revolution (1789-1815) and Nationalism (1800-present)
What were the influences that caused the French Revolution?
Why is the French Revolution considered to be an important event that changed human
history?
How does the French Revolution differ from other revolutions? (Russian and US(?))
What were some of the implications of the French Revolution?
Napoleon is considered to be one of the most dynamic leaders of the 1800’s. Why is this?
What have we learned from Napoleon’s accomplishments and his failures?
Define nationalism in your own words and show multiple examples of nationalism at
work in multiple countries around the world. (Russia, India, Turkey, Iran, Saudi Arabia,
Haiti, Brazil, Mexico and many other examples may work for this question.)
Key Terms
1. Three Estates
4. Estates-General
7. Great Fear
9. Storming of the Bastille
11. War with Austria
14. Reign of Terror
17. Balance of Power
20. Romanticism
2. Bourgeoisie
3. Louis XVI
5. National Assembly
6. Tennis Court Oath
8. Declaration of the Rights of Man
10. Radical Moderate Conservative
12. France’s Citizen Army 13. Robespierre
15. Napoleon Bonaparte
16. nationalism
18. Congress of Vienna
19. Realism
Industrial Revolution (1700-1900)
What are the key causes of the Industrial Revolution?
What are some of the major consequences of the Industrial Revolution?
Who are some of the great philosophers that came out of this time period? What issues
were they trying to analyze? How would they affect the future?
Key Terms:
1. Agricultural Revolution
4. Thomas Malthus
7. Robert Owen
10. communist
13. The Union Movement
16. Theory of Evolution
2. enclosure movement
5. David Ricardo
8. abolition
11. Laissez Fair Economics
14. Suffrage
17. Survival of the Fittest
3. capitalism
6. Karl Marx
9. socialism
12. Child Labor
15. Women’s Rights
18. Darwin
SEMESTER TWO
Age of Imperialism (1850-1914)
1. What historical events eventually led to the Age of Imperialism?
2. Which countries were Imperialists and how did they influence the world?
3. Explain positive and negative aspects of Imperialism.
Key Terms:
1. Social Darwinism
4. Protectorate
7. Crimean War
10. paternalism
13. Divide and Conquer
16. Geopolitical
2.Berlin Conference
5.spheres of influence
8. Suez Canal
11. indirect rule
14. Force Policy
17. Economic Imperialism
3. Colony
6. sepoys
9. Russo Japanese War
12. Assimilation
15.British Trading Company
18. Raj
World War I (1914-1918)
1. What were the causes of WWI?
2. How did the war that started in Europe eventually affect the whole world?
3. How was WWI different from other wars in the past?
4. What countries were the key players in WWI and why?
5. What was the impact of the war? (Think costs, treaties, and future events)
Key Terms:
1. Nationalism
4. Triple Alliance
7. two-front war
10. Fourteen Points
13. Chemical Weapons
16. armistice
2. materialism
5. Triple Entente
8. trench warfare
11. Treaty of Versailles
14. Kaiser Wilhelm
17. self-determination
3. mobilization
6. Franz Ferdinand
9. Gallipoli
12. League of Nations
15. total war
18. diplomacy
Broken World (1900-1939)
1. What were the results of WWI after it ended in Europe? Did Europe as a whole
ever truly recover from WWI? Why or why not?
2. How did the Great Depression cause major changes both in Europe and the U.S.?
3. What is Fascism? What countries were Fascist? What is Communism? What
countries were Communist? What are the differences between these two
ideologies?
4. What were some hints that WWII was in the process of happening? What could
have been done to prevent these actions?
Key Terms
1. Nicholas II
4. V.I. Lenin
7. March Revolution
10. Stalin
2. pogrom
5. Bloody Sunday
8. Red Army
11. Five-Year Plan
3. Bolsheviks
6. Duma
9. totalitarian state
12. Guomindang
13. Nationalist Party
16. Long March
19. Mohandas Gandhi
22. Weimar Republic
25.Benito Mussolini (Il Duce)
28. Nazism
31. Invasion of Ethiopia
34.Isolationism
14. May Fourth Movement
17. Amritsar Massacre
20. Muslim League
23. Inflation
26. Fascism
29. Mien Kampf
32. appeasement
35. Third Reich
15. Mao Zedong
18. civil disobedience
21. Mustafa Kemal
24. Great Depression
27. Adolph Hitler
30. Japans Empire
33. Spanish Civil War
36. nonaggression pact
World War II (1939-1945)
1. What were the main causes of WWII?
2. How did nationalism play a part in causing WWII?
3. What was the Holocaust? Can you think of modern day examples of this event?
4. Who were allies during this war? How did they help each other? How did they
hurt each other? Which 2 countries were mostly involved in WWII?
5. After Germany fell in WWII who became the new main target? What actions
were taken against this new target and why?
6. How did WWII shape modern day events today?
Key Terms:
1. Blitzkrieg
4. Afrika Korps
7. ghettos
10. island-hopping
13. kamikaze
16. Manhattan Project
19. Battle of Stalingrad
2. Axis Powers
5. scorched earth policy
8. Rape of Nanking
11. Nuremberg Trails
14. D-Day
17. Pearl Harbor
20. demilitarization
3. Ally Powers
6. Lend and Lease Act
9. Douglas MacArthur
12. Final Solution
15. Harry Truman
18. Kristallnacht
Cold War (1945-1989)
1. What factors made the USSR and the United States of America the two most powerful
countries in the world during this time period?
2. What made the cold war unique?
3. What made the Cold War such an intense part of world history?
4. What are the key events that took place during the Cold War? What can we learn from
them?