Download Unit 6 Homework

AP Biology Unit 6: Chapters 29, 30, 35-39
Chapters 29 – 30
1. Briefly describe the 4 traits that nearly all land plants share.
2. Why are charophytes considered the closest relative to plants?
3. List several adaptations of land plants significant for terrestrial survival.
4. Describe or draw the generic diagram to explain alternation of generations.
5. Describe a few features common to Bryophytes. Include the 3 phyla.
6. What is the dominant phase of the moss life cycle? Briefly describe this cycle.
7. List a couple of adaptations of Pteridophytes (ferns) not seen in Bryophytes. Include the
phyla of ferns.
8. What is the dominant phase of the fern life cycle? Briefly describe the cycle.
9. How is the reduced gametophyte an adaptation for seeded plants?
10. What is the significance of the seed?
11. What was the advantage of pollen?
12. List the four phyla of gymnosperms. Which is the most common?
13. Identify 6 differences between monocots and eudicots.
14. What is the adaptive value of the flower to plants?
15. Describe the role of ovaries and ovules in the flowering plants.
16. List several features of angiosperms that aid in seed dispersal.
17. Define the following terms: vascular tissue, rhizoids, stomata, tracheids, roots, leaves,
sporophylls, pollen grain, pollination, flower, eudicots
Chapter 35
1. List the basic plant organs and their functions.
2. What is the adaptive value of root hairs?
3. List the types of leaves and examples of their function.
4. What is a tissue system? Briefly describe the 3 tissue categories that make up a tissue
system.
5. Give a brief description and example of the following plant tissues: xylem, phloem,
parenchyma cells, collenchyma cells, sclerenchyma cells, epidermis/protective
6. List and describe the 3 categories of flowering plant cycles.
7. Determine the function of the tissues in the stem during primary growth.
8. Determine the function of the tissues in a leaf.
9. What is the role of the stomata?
10. Draw a cross-section through a woody stem and indicate the functions of the tissues.
11. How are plants capable of indeterminate growth? Describe 2 main types of meristems?
12. Label the diagram of the root and describe primary growth.
Chapter 36
1. Where do land plants acquire resources? What are those resources?
2. What are some factors that affect light capture?
3. Describe the following in terms of their function in transport of plant cells and what
they transport: transport proteins, proton pumps, membrane potential, cotransport,
osmosis, aquaporins, bulk flow
4. What is water potential? Describe the components of water potential.
5. Compare and contrast a plasmolyzed cell and a turgid one.
6. What is believed to be responsible for the rapid water exchange in plants?
7. Define the 3 major pathways of transport: transmembrane, symplastic, apoplastic
8. What is the role of the endodermis in the root?
9. How do mycorrhizae help plants?
10. Describe the mechanisms of water transport: transpiration, cohesion and adhesion,
root pressure
11. What mechanisms cause stomata to open and close?
12. Describe the movement of sugar into the plant from source to sink and how this can
occur?
13. What are circadian rhythms and what would cause stomata to close during the
daytime?
14. What is translocation in plants (not the translocation that occurs during translation)?
Chapter 37
1. How do nutrients enter plants?
2. What is the difference between macronutrients and micronutrients?
3. Why is magnesium important to plants?
4. How do plants absorb cations from the soil? (i.e. cation exchange)
5. Describe the layers of soil and what nutrients are found in each.
6. Describe the path of nitrogen from the atmosphere to plant protein. Include the role of
each of the following: nitrogen-fixing bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, nitrifying bacteria,
denitrifying bacteria
7. Describe the following unique nutritional relationships: rhizobium bacteria and legumes,
mycorrhizae, parasitic plants, carnivorous plants, epiphytes
Chapter 38
1. Describe some of the ways in which pollen can be distributed.
2. Identify the general functions of the parts of a complete flower: sepal, petal, stamen,
carpel
3. Describe the 2 processes that produce the angiosperm’s gametophytes: male, female
4. What is meant by double fertilization?
5. How is the seed embryo nourished?
6. Sketch and label a eudicot seed. Include the functions.
7. What does a seed need to germinate?
8. Identify some asexual mechanisms for plant reproduction.
9. Label the diagram of an idealized flower.
Chapter 39
1. How does light influence sprouting potatoes?
2. Describe the steps of the signal-transduction pathway: reception, transduction,
response
3. What did the early experiments on phototropism demonstrate?
4. What does auxin do in plant cells that cause elongation?
5. Define apical dominance.
6. Identify two functions of gibberellins.
7. Identify a few plant responses to ethylene.
8. Are all wavelengths of light equal when it comes to phototropism? Explain.
9. What are the two forms of phytochrome and how are they switched?
10. When do short-day plants flower? Define photoperiodism.
11. What happens when short-day plants receive flashes of light?
12. When do long-day plants flower?
13. What happens when long-day plants receive flashes of light?
14. What may be a cause of root gravitatropism?
15. What is the mechanism that causes Mimosa leaves to close?
16. Describe the effect these stresses have on plant survival, growth and reproduction:
drought, flooding, salt stress, heat/cold stress
17. Describe some of the defenses a plant has against herbivores and pathogens.
18. Why is fruit an adaptation? What are the different types of fruit?
19. Describe the ways in which fruit and seed can be dispersed.
20. What is vegetative propogation and how have humans used it?
21. What are mechanisms that prevent self-fertilization?
22. What are GMOs and why are they causing uproar among certain groups?