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Study Guide: Evolution Test Test Date: _______________ Name _______________________ Date _____________ Period _____ The content covered on this test comes from your class notes, videos, lab activities, and worksheets. Refer to the following chapters in your textbook: Chapters 15, 16, Section 18-2. After completing this unit, students should be able to: 1. Define evolution, and distinguish between microevolution and macroevolution 2. Describe the difference between a scientific theory and a hypothesis, explain why evolution is a theory and not a hypothesis 3. Identify several scientists that influenced Darwin, and describe how each influenced Darwin’s thinking 4. Define natural selection 5. List and describe the 3 requirements for natural selection 6. Given various situations, be able to explain how natural selection works in each case (ex: finches, sickle cell anemia, etc.) 7. Explain why natural selection acts on phenotype, not genotype 8. Explain what is meant by “survival of the fittest” in terms of natural selection 9. Use your knowledge of genetics to explain how natural selection works (ex: mutation, allele frequency, etc.) 10. Explain why a population can adapt but a single individual organism cannot 11. Define genetic drift, and give an example; compare and contrast genetic drift and natural selection. 12. Explain why there is not one accepted definition for what a species is (i.e.: what are the limitations of each definition?) 13. Describe how new species may form from geographic isolation 14. Describe how new species may form from reproductive isolation; distinguish between prezygotic and postzygotic isolating mechanisms 15. Describe evidence from the fossil record, morphology, embryology, molecular biology, and biogeography that support macroevolution 16. Distinguish between analogous and homologous structures; relate these to the difference between convergent and divergent evolution 17. Explain why it is important for scientists to look at multiple types of evidence