Download 1 - Rosshall Academy

2.2 Hydrocarbons Learning Outcomes
In all cases pupils should be able to:
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State that a Homologous Series is a set of compounds with
the same general formula and similar chemical properties.
State that the alkanes are a subset of the set of
hydrocarbons.
State that the general formula for the alkanes is CnH2n+2
State that an alkane can be identified from the “-ane”
ending.
Name the straight chain alkanes C1 to C8 from molecular
formulae, shortened and full structural formulae.
Write molecular formulae and draw full and shortened
structural formulae given the names of straight-chain
alkanes C1 to C8
Give the systematic names of branched chain alkanes from
shortened and full structural formulae C4 to C8.
Write molecular formulae and draw full and shortened
structural formulae given the names of branched-chain
alkanes C4 to C8
State that alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons. They
contain carbon to carbon single bonds only.
State that alkanes are fairly stable molecules and really
only readily undergo combustion reactions.
State that Fractional Distillation of crude oil yields more
long-chain hydrocarbons than are useful for present-day
industrial purposes.
State that cracking is an industrial method for producing a
mixture of smaller, more useful molecules, some of which
are unsaturated.
State that the catalyst allows the reaction to take place at
a lower temperature.
State that cracking can be carried out in the laboratory
using an aluminium oxide or silicate catalyst.
State that the alkenes are a subset of the set of
hydrocarbons.
State that the general formula for the alkenes is CnH2n
State that an alkene can be identified from the carbon to
carbon double bond and the “-ene” ending.
Name straight chain alkenes, incorporating the position of
the double bond, from shortened and full structural
formulae C2 to C8.
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Write molecular formulae and draw full and shortened
structural formulae given the names of straight-chain
alkenes C2 to C8
State that alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons. They
contain at least one carbon to carbon double bond.
State that alkenes readily undergo addition reactions.
State that an alkene reacts with hydrogen to form the
corresponding alkane.
State that an alkene reacts with bromine to produce a
dibromoalkane and that this is the chemical test for
unsaturation.
State that an alkene reacts with water to form the
corresponding alkanol.
State that the reactions of an alkene with hydrogen,
bromine and water are addition reactions.
State that the cycloalkanes are a subset of the set of
hydrocarbons.
State that the general formula for the cycloalkanes is
CnH2n
Identify a cycloalkane from the name.
Name the cycloalkanes C3 to C8 from molecular formulae,
shortened and full structural formulae.
Write molecular formulae and draw full and shortened
structural formulae given the names of cycloalkanes C3 to
C8
State that isomers are compounds with the same molecular
formula but different structural formula.
State that straight chain alkanes C4 to C8 have branched
chain isomers
State that alkenes C4 to C8 have