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Nutrients: You Just Can’t Live Without ‘Em Pages 20-23 1. What are nutrients and what are they used for? Nutrients fuel the body to keep you going. Used for growth and repair and to fight disease. 2. What are the 6 types of nutrients? Carbs, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and water. 3. What are two types of carbs? Sugar, starch 4. What is the difference between a simple carb and a complex carb? The body uses simple sugar called glucose. Complex carbs are called starches. The body has to break complex carbs into simple carbs to be able to use them. 5. What does our body do with extra glucose? It is turned into glycogen and saved in the muscles and liver or turned to fat. 6. Why does our body store fat? To make sure it has fuel for future use. 7. What is fiber and what does it do for our bodies? Fiber is another type of carb but it can’t be digested. It provides bulk that helps move food through the digestive tract. 8. What foods provide fiber? Fruits, vegetables, whole grain breads and cereals 9. What does our body do with proteins? Builds tissue, repairs damage, makes hemoglobin, which carries O2 through your body. 10. What does our body break protein into? Amino acids 11. What are essential amino acids? Nine amino acids that our bodies can only from the food we eat. 12. What are complete proteins and where do we get them? A complete protein contains all nine of the essential amino acids. We get them from food from animals (meat, eggs, milk) 13. What are incomplete proteins and where are they found? Foods that do not have all nine essential amino acids are called incomplete proteins. Foods from plants contain incomplete proteins (vegetables, fruits, wheat, rice) 14. Is fat bad for you? Fat has more energy than proteins or carbs. Thin layers of fat protect organs and insulate the body. 15. What are two types of fats and where do they come from? Saturated and unsaturated. Most fats from animals are saturated (meat, cheese, cookies, cakes). Most fats from plants are unsat. (fish, avocados, liquid cooking oils) 16. What is the danger of eating too much fat? High cholesterol, which accumulates within blood vessels, straining the heart. 17. What are vitamins and how do our bodies use them? Chemicals that have been made by living organisms. Vitamins help build blood cells and chemicals that control the nervous system. 18. Where are vitamins found? Fresh fruits and veggies 19. What are minerals and how do our bodies use them? Minerals are chemicals that occur naturally in the environment. They help our bodies build bones, teeth and blood cells. Also regulate chemical and electrical signals that control the way our body works. 20. Where do minerals come from? The earth~ they are absorbed by plant roots as they grow and are then passed onto us when we eat plants/animals. 21. What are some examples of minerals? Copper, iodine, iron, zinc, calcium, potassium, sodium 22. Why is calcium very important? Our bodies use it to build hard, strong bones and teeth and keep bones strong. 23. Why is water so important? Every cell is packed with water to transport nutrients and wastes, control your temp and carry chemical reactions.