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ENGLISH I MODULE 1 ENG 321 Simple Sentences A simple sentence is a sentence that is made up of one independent clause. SIMPLE SENTENCE A sentence that has one independent clause INDEPENDENT CLAUSE A group of words that (1) makes a complete statement (2) has a subject and a verb An independent clause is a group of words that makes a complete statement and can stand alone. That means that the group of words makes sense by itself. Every independent clause and, therefore, every simple sentence contains two things: a subject and a verb. SIMPLE SENTENCES 1 ENGLISH I MODULE 1 ENG 321 SUBJECT The subject of a sentence is what the sentence is about. THE SUBJECT OF A SENTENCE The subject is the person place thing quality or idea Nouns that the sentence is about. Examples: John went for a walk. (Person) Towns are quiet after snowfalls. (Place) Eggs rolled off the counter. (Things) Silence is golden. (Quality) Peace is at hand. (Idea) To be exact, the subject of the sentence is the person, place, thing, quality, or idea the sentence is about. The kind of words we use for the subject of a sentence are naming words known as nouns. Nouns name the person, place, thing, quality, or idea the sentence is about. SIMPLE SENTENCES 2 ENGLISH I MODULE 1 ENG 321 Worksheet #1 Nouns Obtain a Module 1 Answer Sheet for the worksheets. In the area marked for Worksheet #1, complete the assignment below. WRITE ONLY ON THE ANSWER SHEET AND NOT IN THIS MODULE. Underline every noun. 1. The lost necklace was found in the overcoat. 2. We heard that the magician made his announcement on the news. 3. The implications are not really the solutions. 4. An army takes no nonsense from these inhabitants. 5. A specialist in the laws of alimony usually does well in negotiations. 6. The experienced dentist still had great enthusiasm for naming the old teams. 7. Indecisiveness is a reality. 8. No eulogist draws his listeners in by yelling. 9. Our favorite teacher had her students review the economy. 10. The love of our friends can be very important to us. Here is the easiest exercise you have ever done. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Name three people you see, often. Name three places where you have been. Name three things that are not people nor places. Name three ideas that you have. Name three qualities that every good person must have. Excellent! Without even trying, you have just listed fifteen nouns. SIMPLE SENTENCES 3 ENGLISH I MODULE 1 ENG 321 ☺A noun is the name of a person, place, thing, idea or quality. Some nouns name things that cannot be seen or touched. Things like freedom and success are ideas, not material objects. Common and Proper Nouns A noun is either common or proper. A common noun refers to any member of a category of persons, places or things. A proper noun refers to a particular person, place or thing and it begins with a capital letter. Person: Place: Thing: Quality: Idea: Common Nouns athlete island movie honesty fund raiser Proper Nouns Muhammed Ali Hawaii Star Wars Singular and Plural Nouns A noun is either singular or plural in number. A noun that refers to one person, place or thing is singular. A noun that refers to two or more people, places, or things is plural. The plural of most nouns is formed by adding –s or –es to the singular. However, some nouns for the plural in different ways. Singular Nouns My sister is a good athlete. The canoe tipped over. The man swam to the boat. Plural Nouns My sisters are good athletes. The canoes tipped over. The men swam to the boat. Collective Nouns A collective noun names a group of people or things. Some examples are: crew, herd, group, class, committee, pair, audience, team, band, and family. Although a collection of people or things may have many members, the members act together as a unit. Therefore, a collective noun is usually considered singular. The crew of a ship is well trained. SIMPLE SENTENCES 4 ENGLISH I MODULE 1 ENG 321 The herd of cattle has broken through the fence. Compound Nouns A compound noun is a combination of two or more words that work together as one noun. For example, the two words green house refer to a house that is green. But when those two words are put together in a compound noun, the meaning changes: greenhouse is a building where plants are grown all year. Bluebird Pancake daughter-in-law jack-o’-lantern growing pains safety pin Worksheet #2 Nouns On your Module 1 Answer Sheet for the worksheets, on the area marked for Worksheet #2, complete the assignment below. WRITE ONLY ON THE ANSWER SHEET AND NOT IN THIS MODULE. Label the nouns S for single or P for plural. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. A collie with muddy feet jumped on the child in the pink dress. For his breakfast, he ate eggs and toast. I like to read detective stories. The terrifying tales have thrilled readers for years. This pair of shoes is too expensive. Write a common or a proper noun for each of the categories listed below (like: body of water : ocean or Pacific Ocean). 6. body of water 7. kind of animal 8. person you like 9. group of people 10.place in your community SIMPLE SENTENCES 5 ENGLISH I MODULE 1 ENG 321 VERB The other part of a simple sentence is called a verb. The verb is a word that shows the subject’s state of being or action. That is, it tells what the subject is or does. A verb is a word that shows the action or state of being of the subject of the sentence. Examples: Sally sneezed. (Physical action) John thinks. (Mental action) Jesse is my friend. (State of being) linking verb If the verb shows some sort of action, it is usually easy to pick out. That means it shows physical or mental activity. An activity is something that is done in the mind or through physical motion. It is something you can do. Sometimes the verb shows the subject’s state of being or condition. Words like “is,” “are,” and “were” are verbs that show the subjects state of being. These are called linking verbs. Worksheet #3 Verbs On your Module 1 Answer Sheet for the worksheets, on the area marked for Worksheet #3, complete the assignment below. WRITE ONLY ON THE ANSWER SHEET AND NOT IN THIS MODULE. Choose the standard form of the verb that should be used to fill in the blank. SIMPLE SENTENCES 6 ENGLISH I MODULE 1 ENG 321 2. go went gone The friendly old man had ___________ to sleep on a park bench. write wrote written Haven’t you _____________ to the board of directors? broken 3. break broke The lawnmower is ________________. come 4. come came She has finally _____________ home. 5. do did done The police officer _________ his best to control the traffic. 6. choose chose chosen She __________ to work rather than to attend school. 7. break broke broken A vase was ___________ during the fight. 8. see saw seen She was ___________leaving the scene of the accident. 9. give gave given I will ______________ the waitress a tip. 10. take took He has ___________ his child home. 1. taken Verb-Subject Identification Procedure Students must know how to find the verbs and subjects in the sentences they write because this will help to know whether there is a complete sentence. A complete simple sentence contains a subject and a verb. An incomplete sentence has a subject but no verb or has a verb but no subject. You should avoid leaving out a vital part of the sentences you write. SIMPLE SENTENCES 7 ENGLISH I MODULE 1 ENG 321 VERB-SUBJECT IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE Step 1: Look for the action or state-of-being word to find the verb. Example: Kevin reported the theft. Look for the word that shows mental or physical action or a state of being. Look for the action verb or a linking verb and write a “V” above it. Once you have found the verb, you need to complete the second step. Step 2: Ask yourself “Who or what (verb)? to find the subject. S V Kevin reported the theft. In the second step, you ask yourself, “Who or what?”, and add the verb you’ve found. What is the subject in the example? Ask yourself “who or what reported?” Then mark the subject with an “s.” S V Example: Paula is an astronaut. SIMPLE SENTENCES 8 ENGLISH I MODULE 1 ENG 321 Worksheet #4 Verb-Subject Identification On your Module 1 Answer Sheet for the worksheets, on the area marked for Worksheet #4, complete the assignment below. WRITE ONLY ON THE ANSWER SHEET AND NOT IN THIS MODULE. On the answer sheet, underline the complete verb(s) in each sentence with two lines. Then underline the subject(s) in each sentence with one line. 1. The girls went to school early and left late. 2. The happy man and woman were married last Friday. 3. The dishonesty of the young man disgusted the members of the jury. 4. Jeff and Rick threw the ball and caught it. 5. Kathy and Bill went to the movie and ate popcorn. 6. The horse jumped and kicked Scott. 7. London has become famous for its thick fogs and often has rainy weather. 8. The angry man and woman yelled at the young child. 9. National parks are scattered through the states and attract thousands of visitors each year. 10. There go Scott and James. Once you have finished the answer sheet, turn it in and get a Module 1 test. SIMPLE SENTENCES 9 ENGLISH I MODULE 1 SIMPLE SENTENCES 10 ENG 321