Download Ch 8 Review Sheet - Mr. Swords` Classes

Ch 8 Review Sheet
What will a cell do in a hypotonic solution? Why?
A cell will swell because water will flow in.
A hypertonic solution? Why?
A cell will shrink because water will flow out.
An isotonic solution? Why?
A cell will stay the same because the water is equal on both sides of the membrane.
How do volume and surface area change as a cell gets larger?
Volume increases faster than surface area.
How does this help to limit the size of the cell?
The volume will eventually grow too large for the membrane (surface area) to feed it/pass waste.
Explain the difference between cell cycle and mitosis.
Cell cycle refers to the entire life of the cell (including mitosis). Mitosis only refers to when it divides.
The longest phase of the cell cycle is?
Interphase.
How do cells manage their cell cycles?
Proteins called cyclins and messages sent back and forth between cells tell it when to divide.
What is Chromatin?
Long strands of DNA in the nucleus.
What is the difference between chromatin, chromosomes and sister chromatids.
What is the difference between active and passive transport?
Active transport is when a cell pumps a molecule against its concentration gradient. Passive is with its
concentration gradient.
Classify each of the following as either active or passive transport forms of cellular transport;
a. diffusion – passive
b. endocytosis – active
c. exocytosis – active
d. osmosis – passive
e. facilitated diffusion - passive
What are the levels of organization in multicellular organisms?
Cell – Tissue – organ – organ system – organism
What are five causes of cancer?
Tobacco use, nuclear radiation, chemicals, viruses, UV rays.
The following are short definitions, but students were to draw a picture that represents the process or
idea. The pictures need not be related to cells. For example, a student could draw two stick figures
having a tug-of-war with a rope. The rope could represent spindle fibers. The stick figures could be
centrioles.
Concentration gradient – the direction that molecules will flow.
Mitosis – the process by which cells reproduce/divide.
Centromere – a protein that holds sister chromatids together.
Centrioles – cell organelles that pull sister chromatids apart with spindle fibers.
Spindle fibers – “strings” that help pull apart sister chromatids.
Gene – a section of DNA that is a code for a certain proteins/traits.
Cancer – when cells stay in mitosis and keep reproducing unnecessarily creating a tumor.
Interphase – prophase – metaphase – anaphase – telophase – cytokinesis
Be able to put pictures of these phases in order from beginning to end.